LA 3485 辛普森公式求积分

传送门 : LA 3485

题解

1. 曲线积分知识（弧长公式）：
   若可导曲线函数为f(x)其弧长公式为
   $L = \int_a^b\sqrt{1 + f\prime(x)^2}$
   所以这题抛物线设为f(x) = a(x - d)(x +d)
   弧长为 $$2 * \int _0^d\sqrt{1 + 4a^2x^2}$$
2. 先预处理出d,可以看出ｄ固定时弧长随ａ递增而递增，　所以直接二分枚举ａ＊ｄ＊ｄ求解，　积分用辛普森公式．

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code

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
typedef double ld;

const ld eps = 1e-10;
int D, H, B, L;
ld a;

ld f(ld x){ return sqrt(1 + 4 * a * a * x * x);}

ld cal(ld l, ld r){
    return (r - l) * (f(l) + 4 * f((l + r) / 2) + f(r)) / 6;
}

ld simpson(ld l, ld r){
    ld mid = (l + r) / 2;
    ld sa = cal(l, r);
    ld la = cal(l, mid), ra = cal(mid, r);
    if(fabs(sa - la - ra) < eps) return sa;
    return simpson(l, mid) + simpson(mid, r);
}

int main(){
    int t, cas = 0;
    cin >> t;

    while(t--){
        cin >> D >> H >> B >> L;
        int n = (B + D - 1) / D;/**不加D-1,RE...*/
        ld ll = (ld)L / n, dd = (ld)B / n / 2;/**预处理dd*/
        ld l = 0, r = (ld)H;
        while(r - l > eps){/**二分*/
            ld mid = (l + r) / 2;
            a = mid / dd / dd;/**(mid = a * d * d) */
            if(simpson(0, dd) * 2 > ll) r = mid;
            else l = mid;
        }
        cout << "Case " << ++cas << ":" << endl;
        cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << H - l << endl;
        if(t) cout << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}