OpenSceneGraph实现的NeHe OpenGL教程 - 第十二课

• 简介

本课NeHe教程主要是使用了OpenGL中的显示列表。OpenGL的显示列表是加速OpenGL性能的一种重要的手段。OpenGl的几何体绘制方法主要包括立即模式、顶点数组、显示列表和VBO。在OSG中显示列表是大部分OSG程序所使用的默认绘制优化行为，因此不需要我们去像OpenGL那样进行设置。

• 实现

首先创建整个场景，本课中我使用了OSG中预定义的几种基本形体，(osg::Box)来绘制立方体

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1. osg::Node*  buildScene()  
2. {  
3.     osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;  
4.   
5.     for (int yloop=1;yloop<6;yloop++)  
6.     {  
7.         osg::Group *cubeGroup = new osg::Group;  
8.   
9.         for (int xloop=0;xloop<yloop;xloop++)  
10.         {  
11.             osg::MatrixTransform *posMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;  
12.             posMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(1.4f+(float(xloop)*2.8f)-(float(yloop)*1.4f),((6.0f-float(yloop))*2.4f)-7.0f,-20.0f));  
13.             cubeGroup->addChild(posMT);  
14.               
15.             osg::MatrixTransform *rotXMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;  
16.             rotXMT->setName("XRotMT");  
17.             posMT->addChild(rotXMT);  
18.             XRotCallback* xrot = new XRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f-(2.0f*yloop)));  
19.             rotXMT->setUpdateCallback(xrot);  
20.   
21.             osg::MatrixTransform *rotYMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;  
22.             rotXMT->addChild(rotYMT);  
23.             rotYMT->setName("YRotMT");  
24.             YRotCallback* yrot = new YRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f));  
25.             rotYMT->setUpdateCallback(yrot);  
26.   
27.             osg::Geode *cube = createCube(yloop-1);  
28.             rotYMT->addChild(cube);  
29.         }  
30.         root->addChild(cubeGroup);  
31.     }  
32.   
33.     return root;  
34. }  

参照NeHe教程中平移量进行(glTranslate对应一个osg::MatrixTransform)，对于每一个几何体叶节点，通过不同的颜色索引值创建它

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1. osg::Geode* createCube(int colorIndex)  
2. {  
3.     osg::Image *textureImage = osgDB::readImageFile("Data/Cube.bmp");  
4.     osg::Texture2D *texture2D = new osg::Texture2D;  
5.     texture2D->setImage(textureImage);  
6.     texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MIN_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);  
7.     texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MAG_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);  
8.   
9.     osg::ShapeDrawable *sd = new osg::ShapeDrawable(new osg::Box(osg::Vec3(0, 0, 0), 2));  
10.     sd->setColor(osg::Vec4d(boxcol[colorIndex][0], boxcol[colorIndex][1], boxcol[colorIndex][2], 1));  
11.   
12.     osg::Geode *cubeGeode = new osg::Geode;  
13.     cubeGeode->addDrawable(sd);  
14.     cubeGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, texture2D);  
15.   
16.     return cubeGeode;  
17. }  

可以看到场景中对每一个MatrixTransform均设置了UpdateCallback，为的是通过键盘对它们进行操作。首先先通过名字找到所有这些节点

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1. class FindNamedNodeVisitor : public osg::NodeVisitor  
2. {  
3. public:  
4.     FindNamedNodeVisitor(const std::string& name):  
5.       osg::NodeVisitor(osg::NodeVisitor::TRAVERSE_ALL_CHILDREN),  
6.           _name(name), _foundNode(NULL) {}  
7.   
8.       virtual void apply(osg::Node& node)  
9.       {  
10.           if (node.getName()==_name)  
11.           {  
12.               _foundNode.push_back(&node);  
13.           }  
14.           traverse(node);  
15.       }  
16.   
17.       std::string _name;  
18.       std::vector<osg::Node*> _foundNode;  
19. };  

在EventHandler交互类中进行设置如下：

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1. if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Left)  
2. {  
3.     FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("YRotMT");  
4.     root->accept(fnnv);  
5.   
6.     for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)  
7.     {  
8.         yrot = dynamic_cast<YRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());  
9.         if (yrot)  
10.         {  
11.             yrot->setAngle(yrot->getAngle() - osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));  
12.         }  
13.     }  
14. }  

编译运行程序

附：本课源码(源码中可能存在错误和不足，仅供参考)

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1. #include "../osgNeHe.h"  
2.   
3. #include <QtCore/QTimer>  
4. #include <QtGui/QApplication>  
5. #include <QtGui/QVBoxLayout>  
6.   
7. #include <osgViewer/Viewer>  
8. #include <osgDB/ReadFile>  
9. #include <osgQt/GraphicsWindowQt>  
10.   
11. #include <osg/MatrixTransform>  
12.   
13. #include <osgDB/ReadFile>  
14. #include <osg/Texture2D>  
15.   
16. #include <osg/ShapeDrawable>  
17. #include <osg/NodeVisitor>  
18.   
19. static GLfloat boxcol[5][3]=  
20. {  
21.     {1.0f,0.0f,0.0f},{1.0f,0.5f,0.0f},{1.0f,1.0f,0.0f},{0.0f,1.0f,0.0f},{0.0f,1.0f,1.0f}  
22. };  
23.   
24. //  
25. //RotCallback  
26.   
27. class XRotCallback : public osg::NodeCallback  
28. {  
29. public:  
30.   
31.     XRotCallback(double angle) : _angle(angle){}  
32.   
33.     virtual void operator()(osg::Node* node, osg::NodeVisitor* nv)  
34.     {  
35.   
36.         if (dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node))  
37.         {  
38.             osg::MatrixTransform *rot = dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node);  
39.             rot->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::rotate(_angle, osg::X_AXIS));  
40.         }  
41.   
42.         traverse(node, nv);  
43.     }  
44.   
45.     void setAngle(double angle)  
46.     {  
47.         _angle = angle;  
48.     }  
49.   
50.     double getAngle() const  
51.     {  
52.         return _angle;  
53.     }  
54.   
55.     double _angle;  
56. };  
57.   
58.   
59. class YRotCallback : public osg::NodeCallback  
60. {  
61. public:  
62.   
63.     YRotCallback(double angle) : _angle(angle){}  
64.   
65.     virtual void operator()(osg::Node* node, osg::NodeVisitor* nv)  
66.     {  
67.   
68.         if (dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node))  
69.         {  
70.             osg::MatrixTransform *rot = dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node);  
71.             rot->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::rotate(_angle, osg::Y_AXIS));  
72.         }  
73.   
74.         traverse(node, nv);  
75.     }  
76.   
77.     void setAngle(double angle)  
78.     {  
79.         _angle = angle;  
80.     }  
81.   
82.     double getAngle() const  
83.     {  
84.         return _angle;  
85.     }  
86.   
87.     double _angle;  
88. };  
89.   
90. //End  
91. //  
92.   
93. class FindNamedNodeVisitor : public osg::NodeVisitor  
94. {  
95. public:  
96.     FindNamedNodeVisitor(const std::string& name):  
97.       osg::NodeVisitor(osg::NodeVisitor::TRAVERSE_ALL_CHILDREN),  
98.           _name(name), _foundNode(NULL) {}  
99.   
100.       virtual void apply(osg::Node& node)  
101.       {  
102.           if (node.getName()==_name)  
103.           {  
104.               _foundNode.push_back(&node);  
105.           }  
106.           traverse(node);  
107.       }  
108.   
109.       std::string _name;  
110.       std::vector<osg::Node*> _foundNode;  
111. };  
112.   
113.   
114.   
115. //  
116. //EventHandler  
117. class ManipulatorSceneHandler : public osgGA::GUIEventHandler  
118. {  
119. public:  
120.     ManipulatorSceneHandler()  
121.     {  
122.     }  
123.   
124.     virtual bool handle(const osgGA::GUIEventAdapter& ea, osgGA::GUIActionAdapter& aa)  
125.     {  
126.         osgViewer::Viewer *viewer = dynamic_cast<osgViewer::Viewer*>(&aa);  
127.         if (!viewer)  
128.             return false;  
129.         if (!viewer->getSceneData())  
130.             return false;  
131.         if (ea.getHandled())   
132.             return false;  
133.   
134.         osg::Group *root = viewer->getSceneData()->asGroup();  
135.   
136.         switch(ea.getEventType())  
137.         {  
138.         case(osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEYDOWN):  
139.             {  
140.                 XRotCallback *xrot;  
141.                 YRotCallback *yrot;  
142.   
143.                 if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Left)  
144.                 {  
145.                     FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("YRotMT");  
146.                     root->accept(fnnv);  
147.   
148.                     for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)  
149.                     {  
150.                         yrot = dynamic_cast<YRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());  
151.                         if (yrot)  
152.                         {  
153.                             yrot->setAngle(yrot->getAngle() - osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));  
154.                         }  
155.                     }  
156.                 }  
157.   
158.                 if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Right)  
159.                 {  
160.                     FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("YRotMT");  
161.                     root->accept(fnnv);  
162.   
163.                     for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)  
164.                     {  
165.                         yrot = dynamic_cast<YRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());  
166.                         if (yrot)  
167.                         {  
168.                             yrot->setAngle(yrot->getAngle() + osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));  
169.                         }  
170.                     }  
171.                 }  
172.   
173.                 if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Up)  
174.                 {  
175.                     FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("XRotMT");  
176.                     root->accept(fnnv);  
177.   
178.                     for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)  
179.                     {  
180.                         xrot = dynamic_cast<XRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());  
181.                         if (xrot)  
182.                         {  
183.                             xrot->setAngle(xrot->getAngle() - osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));  
184.                         }  
185.                     }  
186.                 }  
187.   
188.                 if (ea.getKey()== osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Down)  
189.                 {  
190.                     FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("XRotMT");  
191.                     root->accept(fnnv);  
192.   
193.                     for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)  
194.                     {  
195.                         xrot = dynamic_cast<XRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());  
196.                         if (xrot)  
197.                         {  
198.                             xrot->setAngle(xrot->getAngle() + osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));  
199.                         }  
200.                     }  
201.                 }  
202.             }  
203.         default: break;  
204.         }  
205.         return false;  
206.     }  
207. };  
208.   
209.   
210. //End  
211. //  
212.   
213.   
214. class ViewerWidget : public QWidget, public osgViewer::Viewer  
215. {  
216. public:  
217.     ViewerWidget(osg::Node *scene = NULL)  
218.     {  
219.         QWidget* renderWidget = getRenderWidget( createGraphicsWindow(0,0,100,100), scene);  
220.   
221.         QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout;  
222.         layout->addWidget(renderWidget);  
223.         layout->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 1);  
224.         setLayout( layout );  
225.   
226.         connect( &_timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(update()) );  
227.         _timer.start( 10 );  
228.     }  
229.   
230.     QWidget* getRenderWidget( osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* gw, osg::Node* scene )  
231.     {  
232.         osg::Camera* camera = this->getCamera();  
233.         camera->setGraphicsContext( gw );  
234.   
235.         const osg::GraphicsContext::Traits* traits = gw->getTraits();  
236.   
237.         camera->setClearColor( osg::Vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) );  
238.         camera->setViewport( new osg::Viewport(0, 0, traits->width, traits->height) );  
239.         camera->setProjectionMatrixAsPerspective(45.0f, static_cast<double>(traits->width)/static_cast<double>(traits->height), 0.1f, 100.0f );  
240.         camera->setViewMatrixAsLookAt(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 1), osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Vec3d(0, 1, 0));  
241.   
242.         this->setSceneData( scene );  
243.         this->addEventHandler(new ManipulatorSceneHandler);  
244.   
245.         return gw->getGLWidget();  
246.     }  
247.   
248.     osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* createGraphicsWindow( int x, int y, int w, int h, const std::string& name="", bool windowDecoration=false )  
249.     {  
250.         osg::DisplaySettings* ds = osg::DisplaySettings::instance().get();  
251.         osg::ref_ptr<osg::GraphicsContext::Traits> traits = new osg::GraphicsContext::Traits;  
252.         traits->windowName = name;  
253.         traits->windowDecoration = windowDecoration;  
254.         traits->x = x;  
255.         traits->y = y;  
256.         traits->width = w;  
257.         traits->height = h;  
258.         traits->doubleBuffer = true;  
259.         traits->alpha = ds->getMinimumNumAlphaBits();  
260.         traits->stencil = ds->getMinimumNumStencilBits();  
261.         traits->sampleBuffers = ds->getMultiSamples();  
262.         traits->samples = ds->getNumMultiSamples();  
263.   
264.         return new osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt(traits.get());  
265.     }  
266.   
267.     virtual void paintEvent( QPaintEvent* event )  
268.     {   
269.         frame();   
270.     }  
271.   
272. protected:  
273.   
274.     QTimer _timer;  
275. };  
276.   
277.   
278. osg::Geode* createCube(int colorIndex)  
279. {  
280.     osg::Image *textureImage = osgDB::readImageFile("Data/Cube.bmp");  
281.     osg::Texture2D *texture2D = new osg::Texture2D;  
282.     texture2D->setImage(textureImage);  
283.     texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MIN_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);  
284.     texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MAG_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);  
285.   
286.     osg::ShapeDrawable *sd = new osg::ShapeDrawable(new osg::Box(osg::Vec3(0, 0, 0), 2));  
287.     sd->setColor(osg::Vec4d(boxcol[colorIndex][0], boxcol[colorIndex][1], boxcol[colorIndex][2], 1));  
288.   
289.     osg::Geode *cubeGeode = new osg::Geode;  
290.     cubeGeode->addDrawable(sd);  
291.     cubeGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, texture2D);  
292.   
293.     return cubeGeode;  
294. }  
295.   
296.   
297. osg::Node*  buildScene()  
298. {  
299.     osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;  
300.   
301.     for (int yloop=1;yloop<6;yloop++)  
302.     {  
303.         osg::Group *cubeGroup = new osg::Group;  
304.   
305.         for (int xloop=0;xloop<yloop;xloop++)  
306.         {  
307.             osg::MatrixTransform *posMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;  
308.             posMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(1.4f+(float(xloop)*2.8f)-(float(yloop)*1.4f),((6.0f-float(yloop))*2.4f)-7.0f,-20.0f));  
309.             cubeGroup->addChild(posMT);  
310.               
311.             osg::MatrixTransform *rotXMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;  
312.             rotXMT->setName("XRotMT");  
313.             posMT->addChild(rotXMT);  
314.             XRotCallback* xrot = new XRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f-(2.0f*yloop)));  
315.             rotXMT->setUpdateCallback(xrot);  
316.   
317.             osg::MatrixTransform *rotYMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;  
318.             rotXMT->addChild(rotYMT);  
319.             rotYMT->setName("YRotMT");  
320.             YRotCallback* yrot = new YRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f));  
321.             rotYMT->setUpdateCallback(yrot);  
322.   
323.             osg::Geode *cube = createCube(yloop-1);  
324.             rotYMT->addChild(cube);  
325.         }  
326.         root->addChild(cubeGroup);  
327.     }  
328.   
329.     return root;  
330. }  
331.   
332.   
333.   
334. int main( int argc, char** argv )  
335. {  
336.     QApplication app(argc, argv);  
337.     ViewerWidget* viewWidget = new ViewerWidget(buildScene());  
338.     viewWidget->setGeometry( 100, 100, 640, 480 );  
339.     viewWidget->show();  
340.     return app.exec();  
341. }