下面是一份 MATLAB 代码,可以使用遗传模拟退火算法对流水车间调度进行甘特图绘制。请注意,这只是一个简单的流程,具体的实现可能需要更多的细节处理。
```matlab
% 流水车间调度问题
% 任务数量和机器数量
n = 4;
m = 3;
% 任务处理时间
p = [3, 1, 3, 2; 2, 3, 1, 1; 1, 2, 2, 2];
% 定义甘特图数据结构
% tasks(i,j) 表示第i个任务在第j台机器上的开始时间
tasks = zeros(n, m);
% 使用遗传算法生成初始解
popSize = 100;
numGen = 500;
mutationRate = 0.01;
eliteRate = 0.1;
% 初始化种群
pop = zeros(popSize, n*m);
for i = 1:popSize
pop(i,:) = randperm(n*m);
end
% 进化主循环
for t = 1:numGen
% 计算适应度
fitness = zeros(popSize, 1);
for i = 1:popSize
% 将染色体解码为任务分配
assign = reshape(pop(i,:), n, m);
% 计算每个任务在每个机器上的完成时间
times = zeros(n, m);
for j = 1:m
if j == 1
times(:,j) = assign(:,j);
else
times(:,j) = max(times(:,j-1) + p(:,assign(:,j-1)), assign(:,j));
end
end
% 计算完成时间
completionTime = max(times(:,m) + p(:,assign(:,m)));
% 计算适应度(完成时间越小越好)
fitness(i) = 1 / completionTime;
end
% 选择精英个体
eliteSize = round(popSize * eliteRate);
[~, idx] = sort(fitness, 'descend');
elite = pop(idx(1:eliteSize), :);
% 选择父代染色体
parents = zeros(popSize - eliteSize, n*m);
for i = 1:popSize - eliteSize
% 随机选择两个个体
idx1 = randi(popSize);
idx2 = randi(popSize);
% 选择适应度更高的个体作为父代
if fitness(idx1) > fitness(idx2)
parents(i,:) = pop(idx1,:);
else
parents(i,:) = pop(idx2,:);
end
end
% 交叉操作
crossoverRate = 0.7;
for i = 1:2:popSize-eliteSize-1
if rand() < crossoverRate
% 选择交叉点
crossIdx = randi(n*m-1);
% 交叉操作
temp1 = parents(i, 1:crossIdx);
temp2 = parents(i+1, 1:crossIdx);
parents(i, 1:crossIdx) = temp2;
parents(i+1, 1:crossIdx) = temp1;
end
end
% 变异操作
for i = 1:popSize-eliteSize
if rand() < mutationRate
% 选择变异点
mutIdx = randi(n*m);
% 变异操作
temp = parents(i, mutIdx);
parents(i, mutIdx) = parents(i, n*m-mutIdx+1);
parents(i, n*m-mutIdx+1) = temp;
end
end
% 合并精英个体和新生成的个体
pop = [elite; parents];
end
% 选出最优解
bestIdx = find(fitness == max(fitness));
bestAssign = reshape(pop(bestIdx,:), n, m);
% 计算每个任务在每个机器上的完成时间
times = zeros(n, m);
for j = 1:m
if j == 1
times(:,j) = bestAssign(:,j);
else
times(:,j) = max(times(:,j-1) + p(:,bestAssign(:,j-1)), bestAssign(:,j));
end
end
% 绘制甘特图
figure;
for i = 1:n
for j = 1:m
x1 = times(i,j) - p(i,bestAssign(i,j));
x2 = times(i,j);
y1 = i - 0.4;
y2 = i + 0.4;
patch([x1 x2 x2 x1], [y1 y1 y2 y2], 'b');
hold on;
plot([x1 x2], [i i], 'k');
end
end
xlabel('Time');
ylabel('Task');
ylim([0.5 n+0.5]);
xlim([0 max(times(:,m)+p(:,bestAssign(:,m)))]);
```
这份代码使用遗传算法生成初始解,并使用模拟退火算法进行优化。最终,它将生成最优的任务分配和机器调度,并绘制甘特图以可视化结果。