文章目录
1.数据交互 - 请求工具设计
axios配置
1.创建axios实例 (基准地址,超时时间)
2.请求拦截器 (携带token)
3.响应拦截器 (业务失败处理,摘取核心响应数据,401处理)
import axios from 'axios'
import { useUserStore } from '@/stores'
import { ElMessage } from 'element-plus'
import router from '@/router'
const baseURL = 'http://big-event-vue-api-t.itheima.net'
const instance = axios.create({
// TODO 1. 基础地址,超时时间
baseURL,
timeout: 10000
})
// 请求拦截器
instance.interceptors.request.use(
(config) => {
// TODO 2. 携带token
const useStore = useUserStore
if (useStore.token) {
config.headers.Authorization = useStore.token
}
return config
},
(err) => Promise.reject(err)
)
// 响应拦截器
instance.interceptors.response.use(
(res) => {
// TODO 4. 摘取核心响应数据
if (res.data.code === 0) {
return res
}
// TODO 3. 处理业务失败
// 处理业务失败,给错误提示,并且抛出错误
ElMessage.error(res.data.message || '服务异常')
return Promise.reject(res.data)
},
(err) => {
// TODO 5. 处理401错误
// 错误特殊情况 => 401 权限不足 或 token 过期 => 拦截到登录
if (err.response?.status === 401) {
// 这个status实际上看的是错误的状态码
router.push('/login')
}
// 错误默认情况 => 只要给提示就行了
ElMessage.error(err.response.data.message || '服务异常')
return Promise.reject(err)
}
)
export default instance
export { baseURL }
2.整体路由设计
登录 一级路由
架子 一级路由
文章分类 二级路由
文章管理 二级路由
基本资料 二级路由
更换头像 二级路由
重置密码 二级路由
- 在views中创建文件夹 → login,layout,user,article
①:login
loginPage.vue
<template>登录页</template>
②:layout(要往里面嵌二级路由的)
LayoutContainer.vue
<template>
<div>
布局夹子
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</template>
③:article
ArticleManage.vue
<template>文章管理</template>
ArticleChannel.vue
④:user
UserAvatar.vue
UserPassword.vue
UserProfile.vue
- 建完组件之后,就要去配规则,找到router去配规则,router中index.js,往routes里面去配规则
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
routes: [ 👈 在这里配规则
{ path: '/login', component: () => import('@/views/login/LoginPage.vue') }, // 登录页
{
path: '/',
component: () => import('@/views/layout/LayoutCountainer.vue'),
redirect: '/article/manage',
children: [
{
path: '/article/manage',
component: () => import('@/views/article/ArticleManage.vue')
},
{
path: '/article/channel',
component: () => import('@/views/article/ArticleChannel.vue')
},
{
path: '/user/profile',
component: () => import('@/views/user/UserProfile.vue')
},
{
path: '/user/avatar',
component: () => import('@/views/user/UserAvatar.vue')
},
{
path: '/user/password',
component: () => import('@/views/user/UserPassword.vue')
}
]
}
]
})
3.登录注册页面 [element-plus 表单]
功能需求说明
- 注册登录 静态结构 & 基本切换
- 注册功能(校验 + 注册)
- 登录功能(校验 + 登录 + 存token)
<script setup>
import { User, Lock } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
const isRegister = ref(true)
</script>
<template>
<!-- el-row表示一行,分成24份
el-col表示列
(1):span="12" 代表在一行中,占12份(50%)
(2):span="6" 表示在一行中,占6份(25%
(3):offset="3" 代表在一行中,左侧margin份数
el-form 整个表单组件
el-form-item 表单的一行 (一个表单域)
el-input 表单元素(输入框)
-->
<el-row class="login-page">
<el-col :span="12" class="bg"></el-col>
<el-col :span="6" :offset="3" class="form">
<el-form ref="form" size="large" autocomplete="off" v-if="isRegister">
<el-form-item>
<h1>注册</h1>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-input :prefix-icon="User" placeholder="请输入用户名"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-input
:prefix-icon="Lock"
type="password"
placeholder="请输入密码"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-input
:prefix-icon="Lock"
type="password"
placeholder="请输入再次密码"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button class="button" type="primary" auto-insert-space>
注册
</el-button>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item class="flex">
<el-link type="info" :underline="false" @click="isRegister = false">
← 返回
</el-link>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<el-form ref="form" size="large" autocomplete="off" v-else>
<el-form-item>
<h1>登录</h1>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-input :prefix-icon="User" placeholder="请输入用户名"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-input
name="password"
:prefix-icon="Lock"
type="password"
placeholder="请输入密码"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item class="flex">
<div class="flex">
<el-checkbox>记住我</el-checkbox>
<el-link type="primary" :underline="false">忘记密码?</el-link>
</div>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button class="button" type="primary" auto-insert-space
>登录</el-button
>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item class="flex">
<el-link type="info" :underline="false" @click="isRegister = true">
注册 →
</el-link>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-col>
</el-row>
</template>
4.注册登录[ 表单校验]-非空,长度,正则校验
el-form =>
:model="ruleform"
:model
绑定的是rulefrom
,ruleform
绑定的是一个form对象,这个form是用来收集当前表单里面全部的表单数据的{ XXX,XXX,XXX }el-form =>
:rules="rules"
绑定的是整个rules规则对象{ XXX, XXX,XXX }
- 表单元素=>
v-model="ruleform.xxx"
v-model
跟ruleform
里面的属性绑定了,这是配给表单元素的(给表单元素,绑定form子属性) - prop配置生效的是哪个校验规则(和 rule中的字段要对应)
LoginPage.vue
// 整个的来用于提交的form数据对象
const formModel = ref({
username: '',
password: '',
repassword: ''
})
// 整个表单的校验规则
// 1. 非空校验 required: true message消息提示,trigger触发校验的时机
// 2. 长度校验 min:xx, man:xx
// 3. 正则校验 pattern: 正则规则 \S 表示非空字符
const rules = {
username: [
{ required: true, message: '请输入用户名', trigger: 'blur' }, // blur为失焦时校验,change为实时改变时校验
{ min: 5, max: 10, message: '用户名必须是5-10位的字符', trigger: 'blur' }
],
password: [
{ required: true, message: '请输入密码', trigger: 'blur' },
{
pattern: /^\S{6,15}$/,
message: '密码必须是 6-15位 的非空字符',
trigger: 'blur'
}
]
}
<el-form-item prop="username">👈
<el-input
v-model="formModel.username"👈
:prefix-icon="User"
placeholder="请输入用户名"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item prop="password">👈
<el-input
v-model="formModel.password"👈
:prefix-icon="Lock"
type="password"
placeholder="请输入密码"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
5.自定义校验
三个参数:
- rule: 当前校验规则的相关的信息
- value: 所校验的表单元素的表单值
- callback:回调→两种调用方式:① callback() 校验成功 ②callback(new Error(错误信息)) 检验失败 [无论成功还是失败都需要callback回调]
const rules = {
{
validator: (rule, value, callback) => {
// 判断 value 和 当前 form 中收集的 password 是否一致
if (value !== formModel.value.password) {
callback(new Error('两次输入密码不一致'))
} else {
callback() // 就算校验成功,也需要callback
}
}
},
trigger: 'blur'
}
// 此时如果想要生效,就需要在下面绑定
<el-form-item prop="repassword">
<el-input
v-model="formModel.repassword"
:prefix-icon="Lock"
type="password"
placeholder="请再次输入密码"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
6.注册预校验
validate: 对整个表单的内容进行验证。 接收一个回调函数,或返回 Promise。
- 如果想要拿form,就要添加一个form ref
- 然后这个form跟下面做一个绑定
- 注册点击事件
7.封装 api 实现注册功能
需求:封装注册api,进行注册,注册成功切换到登录
- 新建 api/user.js 封装
import request from '@/utils/request'
export const userRegisterService = ({ username, password, repassword }) =>
request.post('/api/reg', { username, password, repassword })
- 页面中调用
const register = async () => {
await form.value.validate()
await userRegisterService(formModel.value)
ElMessage.success('注册成功')
// 切换到登录
isRegister.value = false
}
- eslintrc 中声明全局变量名, 解决 ElMessage 报错问题(无无需进行校验可以直接使用)
module.exports = {
...
globals: {
ElMessage: 'readonly',
ElMessageBox: 'readonly',
ElLoading: 'readonly'
}
}
8.登录功能
实现登录校验
【需求说明】给输入框添加表单校验
- 用户名不能为空,用户名必须是5-10位的字符,失去焦点 和 修改内容时触发校验
- 密码不能为空,密码必须是6-15位的字符,失去焦点 和 修改内容时触发校验
操作步骤:
- model 属性绑定 form 数据对象,直接绑定之前提供好的数据对象即可(共用)
<el-form :model="formModel" >
- rules 配置校验规则,共用注册的规则即可
<el-form :rules="rules" >
- v-model 绑定 form 数据对象的子属性
<el-input
v-model="formModel.username"
:prefix-icon="User"
placeholder="请输入用户名"
></el-input>
<el-input
v-model="formModel.password"
name="password"
:prefix-icon="Lock"
type="password"
placeholder="请输入密码"
></el-input>
- prop 绑定校验规则
<el-form-item prop="username">
<el-input
v-model="formModel.username"
:prefix-icon="User"
placeholder="请输入用户名"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
...
- 切换的时候重置
watch(isRegister, () => {
formModel.value = {
username: '',
password: '',
repassword: ''
}
})
登录前的预校验 & 登录成功
【需求说明1】登录之前的预校验
- 登录请求之前,需要对用户的输入内容,进行校验
- 校验通过才发送请求
【需求说明2】登录功能
- 封装登录API,点击按钮发送登录请求
- 登录成功存储token,存入pinia 和 持久化本地storage
- 跳转到首页,给提示
【测试账号】
登录的测试账号: shuaipeng
登录测试密码: 123456
PS: 每天账号会重置,如果被重置了,可以去注册页,注册一个新号
实现步骤:
- 注册事件,进行登录前的预校验 (获取到组件调用方法)
<el-form ref="form">
const login = async () => {
await form.value.validate()
console.log('开始登录')
}
- 封装接口 API
export const userLoginService = ({ username, password }) =>
request.post('api/login', { username, password })
- 调用方法将 token 存入 pinia 并 自动持久化本地
const userStore = useUserStore()
const router = useRouter()
const login = async () => {
await form.value.validate()
const res = await userLoginService(formModel.value)
userStore.setToken(res.data.token)
ElMessage.success('登录成功')
router.push('/')
}
9.首页 layout 架子分析和登录拦截访问
基本架子拆解
架子组件列表:
el-container
el-aside 左侧
el-menu 左侧边栏菜单
el-container 右侧
el-header 右侧头部
- el-dropdown
el-main 右侧主体
- router-view
<script setup>
import {
Management,
Promotion,
UserFilled,
User,
Crop,
EditPen,
SwitchButton,
CaretBottom
} from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import avatar from '@/assets/default.png'
</script>
<template>
<el-container class="layout-container">
<el-aside width="200px">
<div class="el-aside__logo"></div>
<el-menu
active-text-color="#ffd04b"
background-color="#232323"
:default-active="$route.path"
text-color="#fff"
router
>
<el-menu-item index="/article/channel">
<el-icon><Management /></el-icon>
<span>文章分类</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="/article/manage">
<el-icon><Promotion /></el-icon>
<span>文章管理</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-sub-menu index="/user">
<template #title>
<el-icon><UserFilled /></el-icon>
<span>个人中心</span>
</template>
<el-menu-item index="/user/profile">
<el-icon><User /></el-icon>
<span>基本资料</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="/user/avatar">
<el-icon><Crop /></el-icon>
<span>更换头像</span>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="/user/password">
<el-icon><EditPen /></el-icon>
<span>重置密码</span>
</el-menu-item>
</el-sub-menu>
</el-menu>
</el-aside>
<el-container>
<el-header>
<div>黑马程序员:<strong>小帅鹏</strong></div>
<el-dropdown placement="bottom-end">
<span class="el-dropdown__box">
<el-avatar :src="avatar" />
<el-icon><CaretBottom /></el-icon>
</span>
<template #dropdown>
<el-dropdown-menu>
<el-dropdown-item command="profile" :icon="User"
>基本资料</el-dropdown-item
>
<el-dropdown-item command="avatar" :icon="Crop"
>更换头像</el-dropdown-item
>
<el-dropdown-item command="password" :icon="EditPen"
>重置密码</el-dropdown-item
>
<el-dropdown-item command="logout" :icon="SwitchButton"
>退出登录</el-dropdown-item
>
</el-dropdown-menu>
</template>
</el-dropdown>
</el-header>
<el-main>
<router-view></router-view>
</el-main>
<el-footer>大事件 ©2023 Created by 黑马程序员</el-footer>
</el-container>
</el-container>
</template>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.layout-container {
height: 100vh;
.el-aside {
background-color: #232323;
&__logo {
height: 120px;
background: url('@/assets/logo.png') no-repeat center / 120px auto;
}
.el-menu {
border-right: none;
}
}
.el-header {
background-color: #fff;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
.el-dropdown__box {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
.el-icon {
color: #999;
margin-left: 10px;
}
&:active,
&:focus {
outline: none;
}
}
}
.el-footer {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 14px;
color: #666;
}
}
</style>
登录访问拦截
需求:只有登录页,可以未授权的时候访问,其他所有页面,都需要先登录再访问
// 登录访问拦截
router.beforeEach((to) => {
const userStore = useUserStore()
if (!userStore.token && to.path !== '/login') return '/login'
})
10.用户基本信息获取&渲染 和 退出
api/user.js
封装接口
export const userGetInfoService = () => request.get('/my/userinfo')
- stores/modules/user.js 定义数据
const user = ref({})
const getUser = async () => {
const res = await userGetInfoService() // 请求获取数据
user.value = res.data.data
}
layout/LayoutContainer
页面中调用
import { useUserStore } from '@/stores'
const userStore = useUserStore()
onMounted(() => {
userStore.getUser()
})
- 动态渲染
<div>
黑马程序员:<strong>{{ userStore.user.nickname || userStore.user.username }}</strong>
</div>
<el-avatar :src="userStore.user.user_pic || avatar" />
退出功能 [element-plus 确认框]
- 注册点击事件
<el-dropdown placement="bottom-end" @command="onCommand">
<el-dropdown-menu>
<el-dropdown-item command="profile" :icon="User">基本资料</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item command="avatar" :icon="Crop">更换头像</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item command="password" :icon="EditPen">重置密码</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item command="logout" :icon="SwitchButton">退出登录</el-dropdown-item>
</el-dropdown-menu>
- 添加退出功能
const onCommand = async (command) => {
if (command === 'logout') {
await ElMessageBox.confirm('你确认退出大事件吗?', '温馨提示', {
type: 'warning',
confirmButtonText: '确认',
cancelButtonText: '取消'
})
userStore.removeToken()
userStore.setUser({})
router.push(`/login`)
} else {
router.push(`/user/${command}`)
}
}
- pinia user.js 模块 提供 setUser 方法
const setUser = (obj) => (user.value = obj)
11.文章分类页面 - [element-plus 表格]
基本架子 - PageContainer
- 基本结构样式,用到了 el-card 组件
<template>
<el-card class="page-container">
<template #header>
<div class="header">
<span>文章分类</span>
<div class="extra">
<el-button type="primary">添加分类</el-button>
</div>
</div>
</template>
...
</el-card>
</template>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.page-container {
min-height: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
.header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
}
}
</style>
- 考虑到多个页面复用,封装成组件
- props 定制标题
- 默认插槽 default 定制内容主体
- 具名插槽 extra 定制头部右侧额外的按钮
<script setup>
defineProps({
title: {
required: true,
type: String
}
})
</script>
<template>
<el-card class="page-container">
<template #header>
<div class="header">
<span>{{ title }}</span>
<div class="extra">
<slot name="extra"></slot>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<slot></slot>
</el-card>
</template>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.page-container {
min-height: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
.header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
}
}
</style>
- 页面中直接使用测试 ( unplugin-vue-components 会自动注册)
- 文章分类测试:
<template>
<page-container title="文章分类">
<template #extra>
<el-button type="primary"> 添加分类 </el-button>
</template>
主体部分
</page-container>
</template>
- 文章管理测试:
<template>
<page-container title="文章管理">
<template #extra>
<el-button type="primary">发布文章</el-button>
</template>
主体部分
</page-container>
</template>
12.文章分类渲染
封装API - 请求获取表格数据
- 新建
api/article.js
封装获取频道列表的接口
import request from '@/utils/request'
export const artGetChannelsService = () => request.get('/my/cate/list')
- 页面中调用接口,获取数据存储
const channelList = ref([])
const getChannelList = async () => {
const res = await artGetChannelsService()
channelList.value = res.data.data
}
el-table 表格动态渲染
<el-table :data="channelList" style="width: 100%">
<el-table-column label="序号" width="100" type="index"> </el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="分类名称" prop="cate_name"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="分类别名" prop="cate_alias"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="操作" width="100">
<template #default="{ row }">
<el-button
:icon="Edit"
circle
plain
type="primary"
@click="onEditChannel(row)"
></el-button>
<el-button
:icon="Delete"
circle
plain
type="danger"
@click="onDelChannel(row)"
></el-button>
</template>
</el-table-column>
<template #empty>
<el-empty description="没有数据" />
</template>
</el-table>
const onEditChannel = (row) => {
console.log(row)
}
const onDelChannel = (row) => {
console.log(row)
}
el-table 表格 loading 效果
- 定义变量,v-loading绑定
const loading = ref(false)
<el-table v-loading="loading">
- 发送请求前开启,请求结束关闭
const getChannelList = async () => {
loading.value = true
const res = await artGetChannelsService()
channelList.value = res.data.data
loading.value = false
}
13.文章分类添加编辑 [element-plus 弹层]
点击显示弹层
- 准备弹层
const dialogVisible = ref(false)
<el-dialog v-model="dialogVisible" title="添加弹层" width="30%">
<div>我是内容部分</div>
<template #footer>
<span class="dialog-footer">
<el-button @click="dialogVisible = false">取消</el-button>
<el-button type="primary"> 确认 </el-button>
</span>
</template>
</el-dialog>
- 点击事件
<template #extra><el-button type="primary" @click="onAddChannel">添加分类</el-button></template>
const onAddChannel = () => {
dialogVisible.value = true
}
封装弹层组件 ChannelEdit
添加 和 编辑,可以共用一个弹层,所以可以将弹层封装成一个组件
组件对外暴露一个方法 open, 基于 open 的参数,初始化表单数据,并判断区分是添加 还是 编辑
- open({ }) => 添加操作,添加表单初始化无数据
- open({ id: xx, … }) => 编辑操作,编辑表单初始化需回显
具体实现:
- 封装组件
article/components/ChannelEdit.vue
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const dialogVisible = ref(false)
const open = async (row) => {
dialogVisible.value = true
console.log(row)
}
defineExpose({
open
})
</script>
<template>
<el-dialog v-model="dialogVisible" title="添加弹层" width="30%">
<div>我是内容部分</div>
<template #footer>
<span class="dialog-footer">
<el-button @click="dialogVisible = false">取消</el-button>
<el-button type="primary"> 确认 </el-button>
</span>
</template>
</el-dialog>
</template>
- 通过 ref 绑定
const dialog = ref()
<!-- 弹窗 -->
<channel-edit ref="dialog"></channel-edit>
- 点击调用方法显示弹窗
const onAddChannel = () => {
dialog.value.open({})
}
const onEditChannel = (row) => {
dialog.value.open(row)
}
准备弹层表单
- 准备数据 和 校验规则
const formModel = ref({
cate_name: '',
cate_alias: ''
})
const rules = {
cate_name: [
{ required: true, message: '请输入分类名称', trigger: 'blur' },
{
pattern: /^\S{1,10}$/,
message: '分类名必须是1-10位的非空字符',
trigger: 'blur'
}
],
cate_alias: [
{ required: true, message: '请输入分类别名', trigger: 'blur' },
{
pattern: /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,15}$/,
message: '分类别名必须是1-15位的字母数字',
trigger: 'blur'
}
]
}
- 准备表单
<el-form
:model="formModel"
:rules="rules"
label-width="100px"
style="padding-right: 30px"
>
<el-form-item label="分类名称" prop="cate_name">
<el-input
v-model="formModel.cate_name"
minlength="1"
maxlength="10"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="分类别名" prop="cate_alias">
<el-input
v-model="formModel.cate_alias"
minlength="1"
maxlength="15"
></el-input>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
- 编辑需要回显,表单数据需要初始化
const open = async (row) => {
dialogVisible.value = true
formModel.value = { ...row }
}
- 基于传过来的表单数据,进行标题控制,有 id 的是编辑
:title="formModel.id ? '编辑分类' : '添加分类'"
确认提交
api/article.js
封装请求 API
// 添加文章分类
export const artAddChannelService = (data) => request.post('/my/cate/add', data)
// 编辑文章分类
export const artEditChannelService = (data) =>
request.put('/my/cate/info', data)
- 页面中校验,判断,提交请求
<el-form ref="formRef">
const formRef = ref()
const onSubmit = async () => {
await formRef.value.validate()
formModel.value.id
? await artEditChannelService(formModel.value)
: await artAddChannelService(formModel.value)
ElMessage({
type: 'success',
message: formModel.value.id ? '编辑成功' : '添加成功'
})
dialogVisible.value = false
}
- 通知父组件进行回显
const emit = defineEmits(['success'])
const onSubmit = async () => {
...
emit('success')
}
- 父组件监听 success 事件,进行调用回显
<channel-edit ref="dialog" @success="onSuccess"></channel-edit>
const onSuccess = () => {
getChannelList()
}
14.文章分类删除
api/article.js
封装接口 api
// 删除文章分类
export const artDelChannelService = (id) =>
request.delete('/my/cate/del', {
params: { id }
})
- 页面中添加确认框,调用接口进行提示
const onDelChannel = async (row) => {
await ElMessageBox.confirm('你确认删除该分类信息吗?', '温馨提示', {
type: 'warning',
confirmButtonText: '确认',
cancelButtonText: '取消'
})
await artDelChannelService(row.id)
ElMessage({ type: 'success', message: '删除成功' })
getChannelList()
}
14.文章管理页面 - [element-plus 强化]
1.文章列表渲染
基本架子搭建
- 搜索表单
<el-form inline>
<el-form-item label="文章分类:">
<el-select>
<el-option label="新闻" value="111"></el-option>
<el-option label="体育" value="222"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="发布状态:">
<el-select>
<el-option label="已发布" value="已发布"></el-option>
<el-option label="草稿" value="草稿"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary">搜索</el-button>
<el-button>重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
- 表格准备,模拟假数据渲染
import { Delete, Edit } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
// 假数据
const articleList = ref([
{
id: 5961,
title: '新的文章啊',
pub_date: '2022-07-10 14:53:52.604',
state: '已发布',
cate_name: '体育'
},
{
id: 5962,
title: '新的文章啊',
pub_date: '2022-07-10 14:54:30.904',
state: null,
cate_name: '体育'
}
])
<el-table :data="articleList" style="width: 100%">
<el-table-column label="文章标题" width="400">
<template #default="{ row }">
<el-link type="primary" :underline="false">{{ row.title }}</el-link>
</template>
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="分类" prop="cate_name"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="发表时间" prop="pub_date"> </el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="状态" prop="state"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="操作" width="100">
<template #default="{ row }">
<el-button
:icon="Edit"
circle
plain
type="primary"
@click="onEditArticle(row)"
></el-button>
<el-button
:icon="Delete"
circle
plain
type="danger"
@click="onDeleteArticle(row)"
></el-button>
</template>
</el-table-column>
<template #empty>
<el-empty description="没有数据" />
</template>
</el-table>
const onEditArticle = (row) => {
console.log(row)
}
const onDeleteArticle = (row) => {
console.log(row)
}
中英国际化处理
默认是英文的,由于这里不涉及切换, 所以在 App.vue 中直接导入设置成中文即可,
<script setup>
import zh from 'element-plus/es/locale/lang/zh-cn.mjs'
</script>
<template>
<!-- 国际化处理 -->
<el-config-provider :locale="zh">
<router-view />
</el-config-provider>
</template>
文章分类选择
为了便于维护,直接拆分成一个小组件 ChannelSelect.vue
- 新建 article/components/ChannelSelect.vue
<template>
<el-select>
<el-option label="新闻" value="新闻"></el-option>
<el-option label="体育" value="体育"></el-option>
</el-select>
</template>
- 页面中导入渲染
import ChannelSelect from './components/ChannelSelect.vue'
<el-form-item label="文章分类:">
<channel-select></channel-select>
</el-form-item>
- 调用接口,动态渲染下拉分类,设计成 v-model 的使用方式
<script setup>
import { artGetChannelsService } from '@/api/article'
import { ref } from 'vue'
defineProps({
modelValue: {
type: [Number, String]
}
})
const emit = defineEmits(['update:modelValue'])
const channelList = ref([])
const getChannelList = async () => {
const res = await artGetChannelsService()
channelList.value = res.data.data
}
getChannelList()
</script>
<template>
<el-select
:modelValue="modelValue"
@update:modelValue="emit('update:modelValue', $event)"
>
<el-option
v-for="channel in channelList"
:key="channel.id"
:label="channel.cate_name"
:value="channel.id"
></el-option>
</el-select>
</template>
- 父组件定义参数绑定
const params = ref({
pagenum: 1,
pagesize: 5,
cate_id: '',
state: ''
})
<channel-select v-model="params.cate_id"></channel-select>
- 发布状态,也绑定一下,便于将来提交表单
<el-select v-model="params.state">
<el-option label="已发布" value="已发布"></el-option>
<el-option label="草稿" value="草稿"></el-option>
</el-select>
封装 API 接口,请求渲染
没有数据,可以登录已完成的系统,添加几条数据
api/article.js
封装接口
export const artGetListService = (params) =>
request.get('/my/article/list', { params })
- 页面中调用保存数据
const articleList = ref([])
const total = ref(0)
const getArticleList = async () => {
const res = await artGetListService(params.value)
articleList.value = res.data.data
total.value = res.data.total
}
getArticleList()
- 新建
utils/format.js
封装格式化日期函数
import { dayjs } from 'element-plus'
export const formatTime = (time) => dayjs(time).format('YYYY年MM月DD日')
- 导入使用
import { formatTime } from '@/utils/format'
<el-table-column label="发表时间">
<template #default="{ row }">
{{ formatTime(row.pub_date) }}
</template>
</el-table-column>
分页渲染 [element-plus 分页]
- 分页组件
<el-pagination
v-model:current-page="params.pagenum"
v-model:page-size="params.pagesize"
:page-sizes="[2, 3, 4, 5, 10]"
layout="jumper, total, sizes, prev, pager, next"
background
:total="total"
@size-change="onSizeChange"
@current-change="onCurrentChange"
style="margin-top: 20px; justify-content: flex-end"
/>
- 提供分页修改逻辑
const onSizeChange = (size) => {
params.value.pagenum = 1
params.value.pagesize = size
getArticleList()
}
const onCurrentChange = (page) => {
params.value.pagenum = page
getArticleList()
}
添加 loading 处理
- 准备数据
const loading = ref(false)
- el-table上面绑定
<el-table v-loading="loading" > ... </el-table>
- 发送请求时添加 loading
const getArticleList = async () => {
loading.value = true
...
loading.value = false
}
getArticleList()
搜索 和 重置功能
- 注册事件
<el-form-item>
<el-button @click="onSearch" type="primary">搜索</el-button>
<el-button @click="onReset">重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>
- 绑定处理
const onSearch = () => {
params.value.pagenum = 1
getArticleList()
}
const onReset = () => {
params.value.pagenum = 1
params.value.cate_id = ''
params.value.state = ''
getArticleList()
}
2.文章发布&修改 [element-plus - 抽屉]
点击显示抽屉
- 准备数据
import { ref } from 'vue'
const visibleDrawer = ref(false)
- 准备抽屉容器
<el-drawer
v-model="visibleDrawer"
title="大标题"
direction="rtl"
size="50%"
>
<span>Hi there!</span>
</el-drawer>
- 点击修改布尔值显示抽屉
<el-button type="primary" @click="onAddArticle">发布文章</el-button>
const visibleDrawer = ref(false)
const onAddArticle = () => {
visibleDrawer.value = true
}
封装抽屉组件 ArticleEdit
添加 和 编辑,可以共用一个抽屉,所以可以将抽屉封装成一个组件
组件对外暴露一个方法 open, 基于 open 的参数,初始化表单数据,并判断区分是添加 还是 编辑
- open({ }) => 添加操作,添加表单初始化无数据
- open({ id: xx, … }) => 编辑操作,编辑表单初始化需回显
具体实现:
- 封装组件
article/components/ArticleEdit.vue
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const visibleDrawer = ref(false)
const open = (row) => {
visibleDrawer.value = true
console.log(row)
}
defineExpose({
open
})
</script>
<template>
<!-- 抽屉 -->
<el-drawer v-model="visibleDrawer" title="大标题" direction="rtl" size="50%">
<span>Hi there!</span>
</el-drawer>
</template>
- 通过 ref 绑定
const articleEditRef = ref()
<!-- 弹窗 -->
<article-edit ref="articleEditRef"></article-edit>
- 点击调用方法显示弹窗
// 编辑新增逻辑
const onAddArticle = () => {
articleEditRef.value.open({})
}
const onEditArticle = (row) => {
articleEditRef.value.open(row)
}
完善抽屉表单结构
- 准备数据
const formModel = ref({
title: '',
cate_id: '',
cover_img: '',
content: '',
state: ''
})
const open = async (row) => {
visibleDrawer.value = true
if (row.id) {
console.log('编辑回显')
} else {
console.log('添加功能')
}
}
- 准备 form 表单结构
import ChannelSelect from './ChannelSelect.vue'
<template>
<el-drawer
v-model="visibleDrawer"
:title="formModel.id ? '编辑文章' : '添加文章'"
direction="rtl"
size="50%"
>
<!-- 发表文章表单 -->
<el-form :model="formModel" ref="formRef" label-width="100px">
<el-form-item label="文章标题" prop="title">
<el-input v-model="formModel.title" placeholder="请输入标题"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="文章分类" prop="cate_id">
<channel-select
v-model="formModel.cate_id"
width="100%"
></channel-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="文章封面" prop="cover_img"> 文件上传 </el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="文章内容" prop="content">
<div class="editor">富文本编辑器</div>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary">发布</el-button>
<el-button type="info">草稿</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
</el-drawer>
</template>
- 一打开默认重置添加的 form 表单数据
const defaultForm = {
title: '',
cate_id: '',
cover_img: '',
content: '',
state: ''
}
const formModel = ref({ ...defaultForm })
const open = async (row) => {
visibleDrawer.value = true
if (row.id) {
console.log('编辑回显')
} else {
console.log('添加功能')
formModel.value = { ...defaultForm }
}
}
- 扩展 下拉菜单 width props
defineProps({
modelValue: {
type: [Number, String]
},
width: {
type: String
}
})
<el-select
...
:style="{ width }"
>
上传文件 [element-plus - 文件预览]
- 关闭自动上传,准备结构
import { Plus } from '@element-plus/icons-vue'
<el-upload
class="avatar-uploader"
:auto-upload="false"
:show-file-list="false"
:on-change="onUploadFile"
>
<img v-if="imgUrl" :src="imgUrl" class="avatar" />
<el-icon v-else class="avatar-uploader-icon"><Plus /></el-icon>
</el-upload>
- 准备数据 和 选择图片的处理逻辑
const imgUrl = ref('')
const onUploadFile = (uploadFile) => {
imgUrl.value = URL.createObjectURL(uploadFile.raw)
formModel.value.cover_img = uploadFile.raw
}
- 样式美化
.avatar-uploader {
:deep() {
.avatar {
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
display: block;
}
.el-upload {
border: 1px dashed var(--el-border-color);
border-radius: 6px;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
transition: var(--el-transition-duration-fast);
}
.el-upload:hover {
border-color: var(--el-color-primary);
}
.el-icon.avatar-uploader-icon {
font-size: 28px;
color: #8c939d;
width: 178px;
height: 178px;
text-align: center;
}
}
}
富文本编辑器 [ vue-quill ]
官网地址:https://vueup.github.io/vue-quill/
- 安装包
pnpm add @vueup/vue-quill@latest
- 注册成局部组件
import { QuillEditor } from '@vueup/vue-quill'
import '@vueup/vue-quill/dist/vue-quill.snow.css'
- 页面中使用绑定
<div class="editor">
<quill-editor
theme="snow"
v-model:content="formModel.content"
contentType="html"
>
</quill-editor>
</div>
- 样式美化
.editor {
width: 100%;
:deep(.ql-editor) {
min-height: 200px;
}
}
添加文章功能(点击发布进行提交)
- 封装添加接口
export const artPublishService = (data) =>
request.post('/my/article/add', data)
- 注册点击事件调用
<el-form-item>
<el-button @click="onPublish('已发布')" type="primary">发布</el-button>
<el-button @click="onPublish('草稿')" type="info">草稿</el-button>
</el-form-item>
// 发布文章
const emit = defineEmits(['success'])
const onPublish = async (state) => {
// 将已发布还是草稿状态,存入 state
formModel.value.state = state
// 转换 formData 数据
const fd = new FormData()
for (let key in formModel.value) {
fd.append(key, formModel.value[key])
}
if (formModel.value.id) {
console.log('编辑操作')
} else {
// 添加请求
await artPublishService(fd)
ElMessage.success('添加成功')
visibleDrawer.value = false
emit('success', 'add')
}
}
- 父组件监听事件,重新渲染
<article-edit ref="articleEditRef" @success="onSuccess"></article-edit>
// 添加修改成功
const onSuccess = (type) => {
if (type === 'add') {
// 如果是添加,需要跳转渲染最后一页,编辑直接渲染当前页
const lastPage = Math.ceil((total.value + 1) / params.value.pagesize)
params.value.pagenum = lastPage
}
getArticleList()
}
添加完成后的内容重置
const formRef = ref()
const editorRef = ref()
const open = async (row) => {
visibleDrawer.value = true
if (row.id) {
console.log('编辑回显')
} else {
formModel.value = { ...defaultForm }
imgUrl.value = ''
editorRef.value.setHTML('')
}
}
编辑文章回显
如果是编辑操作,一打开抽屉,就需要发送请求,获取数据进行回显
- 封装接口,根据 id 获取详情数据
export const artGetDetailService = (id) =>
request.get('my/article/info', { params: { id } })
- 页面中调用渲染
const open = async (row) => {
visibleDrawer.value = true
if (row.id) {
console.log('编辑回显')
const res = await artGetDetailService(row.id)
formModel.value = res.data.data
imgUrl.value = baseURL + formModel.value.cover_img
// 提交给后台,需要的是 file 格式的,将网络图片,转成 file 格式
// 网络图片转成 file 对象, 需要转换一下
formModel.value.cover_img = await imageUrlToFile(imgUrl.value, formModel.value.cover_img)
} else {
console.log('添加功能')
...
}
}
chatGPT prompt:封装一个函数,基于 axios, 网络图片地址,转 file 对象, 请注意:写中文注释
// 将网络图片地址转换为File对象
async function imageUrlToFile(url, fileName) {
try {
// 第一步:使用axios获取网络图片数据
const response = await axios.get(url, { responseType: 'arraybuffer' });
const imageData = response.data;
// 第二步:将图片数据转换为Blob对象
const blob = new Blob([imageData], { type: response.headers['content-type'] });
// 第三步:创建一个新的File对象
const file = new File([blob], fileName, { type: blob.type });
return file;
} catch (error) {
console.error('将图片转换为File对象时发生错误:', error);
throw error;
}
}
编辑文章功能
- 封装编辑接口
export const artEditService = (data) => request.put('my/article/info', data)
- 提交时调用
const onPublish = async (state) => {
...
if (formModel.value.id) {
await artEditService(fd)
ElMessage.success('编辑成功')
visibleDrawer.value = false
emit('success', 'edit')
} else {
// 添加请求
...
}
}
3.文章删除
- 封装删除接口
export const artDelService = (id) => request.delete('my/article/info', { params: { id } })
- 页面中添加确认框调用
const onDeleteArticle = async (row) => {
await ElMessageBox.confirm('你确认删除该文章信息吗?', '温馨提示', {
type: 'warning',
confirmButtonText: '确认',
cancelButtonText: '取消'
})
await artDelService(row.id)
ElMessage({ type: 'success', message: '删除成功' })
getArticleList()
}