前面的关于Hibernate的文章讲解的知识比较多了,今天这篇文章就不铺垫了,直接上代码,我们一起来看看注释。今天使用的关系是人与地址的关系,例子找的不太好,忍耐一下!
先看持久化类(注解是重点):
Person:
@Entity
@Table(name="person_inf")
// 多对多的映射必须存在一个中间表
public class Person {
// 标识属性
@Id@Column(name="person_id")
// 设置主键的映射策略
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
private String name;
private int age;
// 定义该Person实体所有关联的Address实体
@ManyToMany(targetEntity=Address.class)
// 映射连接表,指定连接表的名字是person_address
@JoinTable(name="person_address",
// 映射连接表中名为person_id的外键列,该列参照当前实体对应表的person_id主键列
joinColumns = @JoinColumn(referencedColumnName="person_id",name="person_id"),
// 映射连接表中名为address_id的外键列,该列参照当前实体的关联实体对应标的address_id主键列
inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(referencedColumnName="address_id",name="address_id")
)
private Set<Address> addresses = new HashSet<>();
// 省略set、get方法以及构造器方法...
}
Address:
@Entity
@Table(name="address_inf")
public class Address {
@Id@Column(name="address_id")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private int addressId;
private String addressDetail;
@ManyToMany(targetEntity=Person.class)
@JoinTable(name="person_address",
joinColumns=@JoinColumn(referencedColumnName="address_id",name="address_id"),
inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(referencedColumnName="person_id",name="person_id")
)
private Set<Person> persons = new HashSet<>();
// 省略set、get方法以及构造器方法...
}
然后cfg核心配置文件的配置与之前有点不同,现在不存在hbm配置文件,Annotation都存在于持久化类中,直接如下配置:
<mapping class="edu.ctgu.hibernate.many2many.Person"/>
<mapping class="edu.ctgu.hibernate.many2many.Address"/>
测试方法:
public class Many2Many {
private SessionFactory factory = null;
private Session session = null;
private Transaction transaction = null;
@Before
public void testBefore(){
// 1.初始化配置文件加载配置信息,默认加载src目录下的hibernate.cfg.xml文件
Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
// 2.初始化SessionFactory
factory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
// 3.打开Session
session = factory.openSession();
// 4.开启事务
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
}
@After
public void testAfter(){
transaction.commit();
session.close();
factory.close();
}
@Test
public void testGet(){
Person person = session.get(Person.class, 10);
System.out.println(person.getName());
// 遍历与指定person关联的address类的集合
Iterator<Address> iterator = person.getAddresses().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Address address = iterator.next();
System.out.println(address);
}
}
@Test
public void testSave(){
// 这就是基本的次序了
Person p = new Person("饶大大",21);
session.save(p);
Address a = new Address("襄阳樊城");
a.getPersons().add(p);
session.save(a);
Address a2 = new Address("武汉武昌");
a2.getPersons().add(p);
session.save(a2);
Person p2 = new Person("爱丽丝",20);
p2.getAddresses().add(a2);
p2.getAddresses().add(a);
session.save(p2);
}
@Test
public void test(){
}
}
上面的测试方法值得讲解一下。首先在执行空的test测试方法时,Hibernate打印的SQL语句如下:
Hibernate:
create table address_inf (
address_id integer not null auto_increment,
addressDetail varchar(255),
primary key (address_id)
)
Hibernate:
create table person_address (
address_id integer not null,
person_id integer not null,
primary key (person_id, address_id)
)
Hibernate:
create table person_inf (
person_id integer not null auto_increment,
age integer not null,
name varchar(255),
primary key (person_id)
)
Hibernate:
alter table person_address
add constraint FK2ppxjvtgnqmym2pcrnw1rxpmo
foreign key (person_id)
references person_inf (person_id)
Hibernate:
alter table person_address
add constraint FKkkw06n97i6bwjpiohmqvby97
foreign key (address_id)
references address_inf (address_id)
创建了三个表,其中表person_address就是多对多映射中必须存在的连接表,然后再为连接表设置两个外键映射(其实连接表中的两个数据列为主键元组),分别映射主表的主键。
然后重点来了,我们看一下测试save的代码块,注意插入的顺序。开始一个Person对象被单一保存,然后设置两个地址关联到Person对象;最后一个Person直接关联两个Address对象。目前在我看来这是一个符合逻辑的执行次序。
其他方法大家一一测试,相信会学到很多的东西。