Hibernate关系映射级别注解（多对多单向外键关联、多对多双向外键关联）

其中一个多方持有另一个多方的集合对象
比如教师和学生构成多对多的关系，学生就持有教师的的关系
学生和教师两个表外键关系的维护交给一个中间表，所以要创建中间表，不过这个中间表可以通过注解自动生成。
学生类要添加两个注解：
@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(
name=”teachers_students”,
joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name=”sid”)},
inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name=”tid”)}
)
@JoinTable负责维护和生成中间表，name指定了它的表名，后边两个指定的控制的相应字段。这里sid是学生表的外键，tid是教师表的外键。

除了学生类，还要创建教师类。Teachers将来会被映射成一张表，所以要指定主键

@Entity
public class Teachers {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator="tid")
    @GenericGenerator(name="tid",strategy="assigned")
    @Column(length=4)
    private String tid;
    private String tname;

    public Teachers(){

    }

    public Teachers(String tid, String tname) {
        super();
        this.tid = tid;
        this.tname = tname;
    }

    public String getTid() {
        return tid;
    }

    public void setTid(String tid) {
        this.tid = tid;
    }

    public String getTname() {
        return tname;
    }

    public void setTname(String tname) {
        this.tname = tname;
    }
}

因为是单向的，可以让学生持有教师的集合

@Entity
public class Students {

    private int sid;
    private String sname;
    private String gender;
    private Date birthday;
    private String major;
    private Set<Teachers> teachers;

    public Students(){

    }

    public Students(String sname, String gender, Date birthday,
            String major) {
        //super();
        //这里不传入sid，因为是自动增长的，不需要赋值
        this.sname = sname;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.birthday = birthday;
        this.major = major;
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public int getSid() {
        return sid;
    }

    public void setSid(int sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }

    public String getSname() {
        return sname;
    }

    public void setSname(String sname) {
        this.sname = sname;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getMajor() {
        return major;
    }

    public void setMajor(String major) {
        this.major = major;
    }

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(
        name="teachers_students",
        joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="sid")},
        inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="tid")}
    )
    public Set<Teachers> getTeachers() {
        return teachers;
    }

    public void setTeachers(Set<Teachers> teachers) {
        this.teachers = teachers;
    }
}

修改配置文档

<mapping class="mtm_fk.Students"/>
<mapping class="mtm_fk.Teachers"/>

测试类中只保留以下方法：

    @Test
    public void testSchemaExport() {
        // 创建配置对象
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        // 创建服务注册对象
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
                .applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
        // 创建会话工厂对象
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = config
                .buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

        SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(config);
        export.create(true, true);
    }

结果成功生成了students表、teachers表和中间表teachers_students

然后测试添加记录：

    @Test
    public void addStudents() {
        // 创建配置对象
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        // 创建服务注册对象
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
                .applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
        // 创建会话工厂对象
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = config
                .buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
        //创建会话对象
        Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
        //创建事务对象
        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();

        //先创建教师对象
        Teachers t1 = new Teachers("T001","张老师");
        Teachers t2 = new Teachers("T002","李老师");
        Teachers t3 = new Teachers("T003","陈老师");
        Teachers t4 = new Teachers("T004","刘老师");
        //然后创建四个学生对象
        Students s1 = new Students("张三", "男", new Date(), "计算机");
        Students s2 = new Students("李四", "女", new Date(), "计算机");
        Students s3 = new Students("王五", "女", new Date(), "计算机");
        Students s4 = new Students("赵六", "男", new Date(), "计算机");

        //创建四个教师的集合
        Set<Teachers> set1 = new HashSet<Teachers>();
        set1.add(t1);
        set1.add(t2);
        Set<Teachers> set2 = new HashSet<Teachers>();
        set2.add(t3);
        set2.add(t4);
        Set<Teachers> set3 = new HashSet<Teachers>();
        set3.add(t1);
        set3.add(t3);
        set3.add(t4);
        Set<Teachers> set4 = new HashSet<Teachers>();
        set4.add(t2);
        set4.add(t3);
        set4.add(t4);

        //分别设置四个学生的教师集合
        s1.setTeachers(set1);
        s2.setTeachers(set2);
        s3.setTeachers(set3);
        s4.setTeachers(set4);

        //先保存教师
        session.save(t1);
        session.save(t2);
        session.save(t3);
        session.save(t4);
        //再保存学生
        session.save(s1);
        session.save(s2);
        session.save(s3);
        session.save(s4);

        tx.commit();
    }

可以成功添加数据，顺便看一下中间表的内容

多对多单向外键关联

双方都持有对方的集合，其中一方设置，比如说是教师类：
@ManyToMany(mappedBy=”teachers”)
另一方，学生类中设置：
@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(
name=”teachers_students”,
joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name=”sid”)},
inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name=”tid”)}
)

刚刚的例子中，教师类添加

@ManyToMany(mappedBy="teachers")
private Set<Students> stus;

学生类不需要修改。
配置文件要配置好两个类。
刚刚的测试类也不需要修改。