C++ for循环、数组初始化

错误代码

const int MONTH = 12;
const int YEAR = 2;
int main()
{
	const char* months[MONTH] =
	{
		"January",
		"February",
		"March",
		"April",
		"May",
		"June",
		"July",
		"August",
		"September",
		"October",
		"November",
		"December"
	};
	int maxsales[MONTH][YEAR];
	int yearsum[YEAR];
	int sum = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < YEAR; ++i)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < MONTH; ++j)
		{
			cout << "第" << i + 1 << "年："
			     << months[j] << " sales: ";
			cin >> maxsales[j][i];
			yearsum[i] += maxsales[j][i];
		}
		cout << "The sales at " << i+1 << " year: " << yearsum[i] << endl;
		sum += yearsum[i];
	}
	cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "The sales in " << YEAR << " year: " << sum << endl;
	system ("pause");
	return 0;
	}

目标数组 yearsum[YEAR]没能正确计数并输出结果,

输出结果：

原因：

		for (int j = 0; j < MONTH; ++j)
		{
			cout << "第" << i + 1 << "年："
			     << months[j] << " sales: ";
			cin >> maxsales[j][i];
			yearsum[i] += maxsales[j][i];
		}

for循环中的表达式yearsum[i] += maxsales[j][i];，使用了未初始化的局部变量(数组)yearsum[YEAR]。
yearsum[i]在内存空间中的值未知，恰好此时yearsum[0] = -858993460；+14后变成如图所示输出的值

改正：

	int maxsales[MONTH][YEAR] = { 0 };
	int yearsum[YEAR]{};

总结：

1. 循环中使用的局部变量(数组)必须初始化
2. 怎样(How)初始化数组

arr[3] = { 0 };
arr[3]{}; 

3. 什么是(What)局部变量
   粗浅理解成，花括号内定义的常规变量，一般都是局部变量，作用域(生命周期)有且只在该花括号内。

局部变量可以是相对的，当在一个花括号(循环)中，使用另一个花括号(main函数)中的局部变量，该局部变量必须初始化。