废话唠叨的不少了,接下来我们写个小demo实现一下吧!
一、项目创建步骤
1、创建工程(选择maven中的web工程)
注意先提前配置好自己的maven仓库哦!
因为是两个服务间的调用,所以我们需要来创建两个服务,与第一个服务创建流程一样大家快动手创建一下吧!
2、创建子文件夹
分别存放java文件以及相关配置文件。
3、配置pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.itcast.dubboxdemo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubboxdemo-service</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.8.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.11.0.GA</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<!-- 指定端口 -->
<port>8081</port>
<!-- 请求路径 -->
<path>/</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
4、配置对应的tomcat
5、配置服务提供者web.xml
在工程的webapps下创建WEB-INF文件夹,创建web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!-- 加载spring容器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
6、服务提供者dubbo配置文件
在src/main/resources下创建applicationContext-service.xml ,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<dubbo:application name="dubboxdemo-service"/>
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.200.128:2181"/>
<dubbo:annotation package="cn.itcast.dubboxdemo.service" />
</beans>
注意:dubbo:annotation用于扫描@Service注解。
7、服务提供者代码
创建业务接口
创建包cn.itcast.dubbodemo.service,用于存放业务接口,创建接口
package cn.itcast.dubbodemo.service;
/**
* 业务接口
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public interface UserService {
public String getName();
}
创建业务实现类
创建包cn.itcast.dubbodemo.service.impl ,用于存放业务实现类。创建业务实现类:
package cn.itcast.dubbodemo.service.impl;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import cn.itcast.dubbodemo.service.UserService;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
public String getName() {
return "itcast";
}
}
注意:Service注解与原来不同,需要引入com.alibaba包下的
测试运行
tomcat7:run
8、服务消费者pom
创建Maven工程(WAR)dubboxdemo-web, war项目 ,在pom.xml引入依赖 ,同“dubboxdemo-service”工程。区别就是把tomcat插件的运行端口改为8082 。
9、服务消费者web.xml
在webapps目录下创建WEB-INF 目录,并创建web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!-- 解决post乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 指定加载的配置文件 ,通过参数contextConfigLocation加载-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext-web.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
10、服务消费者dubbo配置文件
编写spring配置文件
在src/main/resources下创建applicationContext-web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven >
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 引用dubbo 服务 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubboxdemo-web" />
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.200.128:2181"/>
<dubbo:annotation package="cn.itcast.dubboxdemo.controller" />
</beans>
11、服务消费者代码
拷贝业务接口
将“dubboxdemo-service”工程的cn.itcast.dubboxdemo.service 包以及下面的接口拷贝至此工程。
编写Controller
package cn.itcast.dubboxdemo.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import cn.itcast.dubbodemo.service.UserService;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Reference
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/showName")
@ResponseBody
public String showName(){
return userService.getName();
}
}
测试运行
tomcat7:run
在浏览器输入http://localhost:8082/user/showName.do,查看浏览器输出结果
12、常见错误
1、在注册中心找不到自己的服务
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to check the status of the service com.pinyougou.sellergoods.service.BrandService. No provider available for the service com.pinyougou.sellergoods.service.BrandService from the url zookeeper://192.168.25.129:2181/com.alibaba.dubbo.registry.RegistryService?application=pinyougou-manager-web&dubbo=2.8.4&interface=com.pinyougou.sellergoods.service.BrandService&methods=update,get,delete,selectOptionList,add,getListByPage&pid=3980&revision=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT&side=consumer×tamp=1501146823396 to the consumer 172.16.17.14 use dubbo version 2.8.4
这种错误是服务层代码没有成功注册到注册中心导致,请检查一下你的服务层代码是否添加了@service注解,并且该注解的包一定是com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation包,不是org.springframework.stereotype.Service,这个地方极容易出错。另外还有一个原因就是你的服务层工程由于某些原因没有正常启动,也无法注册到注册中心里。
2、无法连接到注册中心
org.I0Itec.zkclient.exception.ZkTimeoutException: Unable to connect to zookeeper server within timeout: 5000 org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient.connect(ZkClient.java:876) org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient.<init>(ZkClient.java:98) org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient.<init>(ZkClient.java:92) org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient.<init>(ZkClient.java:80)
com.alibaba.dubbo.remoting.zookeeper.zkclient.ZkclientZookeeperClient.<init>(ZkclientZookeeperClient.java:26)
请检查IP与端口是否填写正确,检查注册中心是否正常启动
以上,就是我们的小demo的全部内容了,怎么样可以完整执行吗?