自定义View

最近在做一个项目，需要用到一些自定义的图形，在网上找了资料，参考了大神们的思路和做法，自己做了一下总结：

1.首先自定义View要继承View；并实现它的构造方法：

有三个

public CustomView(Context context) {
    this(context,null);
}
public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
    this(context, attrs,0);
}

public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr){
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
} 

2.接下来是定义属性，在value文件下创建attrs文件，并定义属性，比如定义了字体的大小和字体颜色、字体：

<resources>
    <attr name="customText" format="string"/>
    <attr name="customTextColor" format="color"/>
    <attr name="customTextSize" format="dimension"/>
    
    <declare-styleable name="CustomView">
        <attr name="customText"/>
        <attr name="customTextColor"/>
        <attr name="customTextSize"/>
    </declare-styleable>
</resources>

以上的format后面的值为属性的单位

3.在Java类中（即自定义的View）定义属性的值

*获取所有自定义属性

TypedArray typedArray = context.getTheme().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomView, defStyleAttr, 0);

*设置文字的属性

typedArray.getString(attr)

*设置颜色的属性

typedArray.getColor(attr, Color.RED);//默认设为红色

*设置大小的属性

typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(attr, (int) TypedValue
                                             .applyDimension(TypedValue
                                             .COMPLEX_UNIT_SP,16,getResources()
                                             .getDisplayMetrics()));

*初始化画笔和绘制的宽高

mPaint = new Paint();
mPaint.setTextSize(mCustomTextSize);
// mPaint.setColor(mTitleTextColor);
mBound = new Rect();
mPaint.getTextBounds(mCustomText, 0, mCustomText.length(), mBound);

4.在onDraw方法作画

mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
canvas.drawCircle(getMeasuredWidth()/2, getMeasuredHeight()/2, getMeasuredHeight()/2, mPaint);

mPaint.setColor(mCustomTextColor);
canvas.drawText(mCustomText, getWidth() / 2 - mBound.width() / 2, getHeight() / 2 + mBound.height() / 2, mPaint);

如果画方形、直线等，则可以分别用canvas.drawRect()、drawLines()、等

还可以设置Paint（画笔）的属性：

setColor()我设置颜色、setStyle()设置风格等；

最后上参照大神们的代码，其中还设置了点击监听

public class CustomView extends View {
    /**
     * 文本
     */
    private String mCustomText;
    /**
     * 文本的颜色
     */
    private int mCustomTextColor;
    /**
     * 文本的大小
     */
    private int mCustomTextSize;

    /**
     * 绘制时控制文本绘制的范围
     */
    private Rect mBound;
    private Paint mPaint;

    private boolean isRed=true;

    public CustomView(Context context) {
        this(context,null);
    }
    public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs,0);
    }

    public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        /**
         * 获取所定义的自定义属性
         */
        TypedArray typedArray = context.getTheme().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomView, defStyleAttr, 0);
        int n = typedArray.getIndexCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            int attr = typedArray.getIndex(i);
            switch (attr){
                case R.styleable.CustomView_customText:
                    mCustomText=typedArray.getString(attr);
                    break;
                case R.styleable.CustomView_customTextColor:
                    mCustomTextColor=typedArray.getColor(attr, Color.RED);//默认设为红色
                    break;
                case R.styleable.CustomView_customTextSize:
                    mCustomTextSize=typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(attr, (int) TypedValue
                                                                 .applyDimension(TypedValue
                                                                 .COMPLEX_UNIT_SP,16,getResources()
                                                                 .getDisplayMetrics()));
                    break;
            }
        }

        typedArray.recycle();

        /**
         * 获得绘制文本的宽和高
         */
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setTextSize(mCustomTextSize);
        // mPaint.setColor(mTitleTextColor);
        mBound = new Rect();
        mPaint.getTextBounds(mCustomText, 0, mCustomText.length(), mBound);

        /**
         * 设置监听
         */
        this.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (isRed){
                    mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);//设置空心
                    mCustomTextColor=Color.RED;
                    Log.i("TEST", "onClick: "+"hahah");
                    isRed=false;
                }else {
                    mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//设置填满
                    mCustomTextColor=Color.WHITE;
                    isRed=true;
                }
                postInvalidate();

            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)
    {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas)
    {
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        
        canvas.drawCircle(getMeasuredWidth()/2, getMeasuredHeight()/2, getMeasuredHeight()/2, mPaint);

        mPaint.setColor(mCustomTextColor);
        canvas.drawText(mCustomText, getWidth() / 2 - mBound.width() / 2, getHeight() / 2 + mBound.height() / 2, mPaint);
    }


}