传感器:可穿戴设计配方中的关键成分

传感器在可穿戴设计中发挥着至关重要的作用,由于价格下降和移动技术进步,它们推动了可穿戴技术的普及。现代可穿戴设备结合了传感、通信和数据分析技术,广泛应用于健康监测、运动追踪和环境监控等领域。集成的9轴运动跟踪装置如MPU-9150和6轴的MPU-6500,以及低功耗的UV传感器如SI1132-A10-GMR,展示了传感器在可穿戴设备中的创新应用。
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        传感器是秘密的调味品,可穿戴设计的虚拟无名英雄。它们体积小,价格便宜,智能化,高度精确,虽然它们只需要很小的功率,本身就非常强大。最近流行的可穿戴技术可以追溯到,至少部分地是这样一个事实,即在可穿戴材料中使用的传感器在某些情况下价格骤降到几美元。另一个与传感器相关的因素是移动电话对远程监控系统的发展的影响。智能手机很容易击败传统的数据记录器,因为它们提供了一个现成的平台和远程传输数据的手段。

  现在添加到芯片上的配方系统(SOC)解决方案:微电子技术的发展使研究人员能够创建结合传感、前端放大、MCU功能和RF传输的微型电路。特别重要的是基于MEMS技术的惯性传感器在电机活动和其他健康监测系统中的应用。最后,在传感器融合中,将来自不同来源的感知数据结合起来,使得所得到的信息比单独使用这些因素和所有这些因素时所能获得的信息更好,这对于穿戴者来说并不奇怪。


  可穿戴应用

  当今可穿戴传感器系统包括三个要素:

  传感和数据采集硬件

  通信硬件与软件

  数据分析技术

  传感器已经在服装上出现了,可以看到“配件”身体部位,如耳朵、脖子、手腕等等。使用它们的例子包括:

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Current developments in nanotechnology make electromagnetic communication possible at the nanoscale for applications involving Body Sensor Networks (BSNs). This specialized branch of Wireless Sensor Networks, drawing attention from diverse fields such as engineering, medicine, biology, physics and computer science, has emerged as an important research area contributing to medical treatment, social welfare, and sports. The concept is based on the interaction of integrated nanoscale machines by means of wireless communications. One key hurdle for advancing nanocommunications is the lack of an apposite networking protocol to address the upcoming needs of the nanonetworks. Recently, some key challenges have been identified, such as nanonodes with extreme energy constraints, limited computational capabilities, Terahertz frequency bands with limited transmission range, etc., in designing protocols for wireless nanosensor networks. This work proposes an improved performance scheme of nanocommunication over Terahertz bands for wireless BSNs making it suitable for smart e-health applications. The scheme contains – a new energy-efficient forwarding routine for electromagnetic communication in wireless nanonetworks consisting of hybrid clusters with centralized scheduling; a model designed for channel behavior taking into account the aggregated impact of molecular absorption, spreading loss, and shadowing; and an energy model for energy harvesting and consumption. The outage probability is derived for both single and multilinks and extended to determine the outage capacity. The outage probability for a multilink is derived using a cooperative fusion technique at a predefined fusion node. Simulated using a Nano-Sim simulator, performance of the proposed model has been evaluated for energy efficiency, outage capacity, and outage probability. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme through maximized energy utilization in both single and multihop communication; multisensor fusion at the fusion node enhances the link quality of the transmission.
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