window11搭建C/C++开发环境

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已于 2024-04-21 13:29:44 修改

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分类专栏： Windows11开发环境问题汇总文章标签： c语言数据结构 vscode c++

于 2024-04-20 19:35:49 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Abcd_cnom/article/details/138001911

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本文详细指导如何在Windows11中下载并配置CodeBlocks的MinGW环境，包括添加编译路径到环境变量、在CMD中验证配置以及在VSCode中设置C++开发环境，同时解决控制台乱码和文件编码问题。

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1.下载便携式MinGW软件包

1.1下载codeblock的步骤

下载网站：Code Blocks download latest version (fosshub.com)

我们下载的安装包中有MinGW，我们接下来部署编译环境需要用到这个目录内的文件

2.将编译路径添加到环境变量

在Windows11中添加环境变量的地方在高级系统设置这里

2.1将MinGW的bin路径添加到环境变量中

D:\software\codeblock\codeblocks-20.03mingw-nosetup\MinGW\bin

D:\software\codeblock\codeblocks-20.03mingw-nosetup\MinGW\include

点击环境变量

添加环境变量

最后添加完环境变量点击确定

3.在CMD中配置环境变量

输入gcc -v -E -x c++ -并且显示如下则配置成功

4.配置vscode

首先是我们三个配置文件(参考：Vs code写C语言代码配置（超详细超基础）_vscode c-CSDN博客)

(1)c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
        {
          "name": "Win32",
          "includePath": ["${workspaceFolder}/**"],
          "defines": ["_DEBUG", "UNICODE", "_UNICODE"],
          "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.17763.0",
          "compilerPath": "D:\\software\\codeblock\\codeblocks-20.03mingw-nosetup\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",   /*修改成自己bin目录下的g++.exe，这里的路径和电脑里复制的文件目录有一点不一样，这里是两个反斜杠\\*/
          "cStandard": "c11",
          "cppStandard": "c++17",
          "intelliSenseMode": "${default}"
        }
      ],
      "version": 4
}

(2)launch.json

{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "g++.exe build and debug active file",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\software\\codeblock\\codeblocks-20.03mingw-nosetup\\MinGW\\bin\\gdb.exe",		/*修改成自己bin目录下的gdb.exe，这里的路径和电脑里复制的文件目录有一点不一样，这里是两个反斜杠\\*/
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "task g++"
        }
    ]
}

(3)tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "task g++",
            "command": "D:\\software\\codeblock\\codeblocks-20.03mingw-nosetup\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                "-I",
                "D:\\project\\Datestruct\\helloworld",
                "-std=c++17"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "D:\\software\\codeblock\\codeblocks-20.03mingw-nosetup\\MinGW\\bin"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": "build"
        },
        {
            "type": "cppbuild",
            "label": "C/C++: g++.exe 生成活动文件",
            "command": "D:\\software\\codeblock\\codeblocks-20.03mingw-nosetup\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
        }
    ]
}