手动实现shared_ptr

手动实现范例：

template <class T> 
class MyPointer {
public:
    //普通构造函数， 设定T * ptr的值，并将引用计数设为1
    MyPointer(T * ptr) {
        ref = ptr;
        ref_count = new unsigned;
        *ref_count = 1;
    }

	//copy construct;
    MyPointer(MyPointer<T> &sptr) {
        ref = sptr.ref;
        ref_count = sptr.ref_count;
        ++(*ref_count);
    }

	//rewrite construct;
    MyPointer<T> & operator = (MyPointer<T> &sptr) {
        //同一个指针，直接返回
        if (this == &sptr)
            return *this;

        //如果计数值大于1，则旧指针计数值-1
        if(*ref_count > 0)
            remove();

        //把旧指针值给新指针
        ref = sptr.ref;
        ref_count = sptr.ref_count;

        //指针计数+1
        ++(*ref_count);
        return *this;
    }
    //deconstruct;
    ~MyPointer() {
        remove();
    }

    T getValue() {
        return *ref;
    }

    T getCount() {
        return static_cast<T>(*ref_count);
    }
protected:
    //delete ref;
    void remove() {
        --(*ref_count);

        //如果ref_count等于0，则销毁指针，并执行析构函数
        if (*ref_count == 0) {
            delete ref;
            delete ref_count;
            ref = NULL;
            ref_count = NULL;
        }
    }
private:
    unsigned * ref_count;    //应用计数值
    T * ref;                 //普通指针
};