Spring Data JAP框架处理表关系的步骤（一对一外键关联

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-18 17:09:23 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-18 17:09:23 发布

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分类专栏： Spring Data JPA 文章标签： Spring Data JAP

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Afflatus_f/article/details/102488816

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Spring Data JAP框架处理表关系的步骤：

1）确定表和表之间的关系

2）对应表创建实体类

3）在实体类配置注解关联关系

4）测试

一对一表关系的实现方案（外键关联：

1 在Customer实体类中添加属性CustomerExt类型，在CustomerExt实体类中添加属性Customer类型

2 在属性上添加注释@OneToOne，代表是一对一

3 在属性上添加一个@JoinColumn(name:存外键字段， referencedColumnName：对方表主键字段的名称（可以省略）)

小demo：

1）创建maven 工程（jar

2）导入依赖（pom.xml

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- hibernate beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate end -->

        <!-- c3p0 beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- c3p0 end -->

        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->


        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- el end -->

    </dependencies>

3）整合框架（在src/main/resources下创建applicationContext.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
    <!--1 员   dataSource  数据库连接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdatajpa9502"/>
    </bean>
    <!--2 工   工厂类对象-->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <!--配置数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--实体类的包扫描-->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.zf.jpa.entity"/>
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
                <property name="generateDdl" value="true"/>
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL"/>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!--3 是   事务配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--开启事物-->
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* cn.zf.jpa.service.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
    </aop:config>
    <!--4 爹   dao的包扫描-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.zf.jpa.dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</beans>

4）创建实体（在src/main/java下创建实体类Customer和CustomerExt

Customer类：

package cn.zf.jpa.entity;

// jpa的实体类
import javax.persistence.*;

//配置实体类和数据库表的映射关系
@Entity
//@Table自动在数据库中创建该表 name属性的属性值是表名
@Table(name="cst_customer")
public class Customer {
    // 配置主键生成的策略(主键自增
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    // 配置主键使用的字段
    @Id
    //@Column实体类与数据库字段名不一致时使用
    @Column(name="cust_id")
    private long custId;
    @Column(name="cust_name")
    private String custName;
    @Column(name="cust_source")
    private String custSource;
    @Column(name="cust_industry")
    private String  custIndustry;
    @Column(name="cust_level")
    private String custLevel;
    @Column(name="cust_address")
    private String custAddress;
    @Column(name="cust_phone")
    private String custPhone;

    /*
    在属性上添加@JoinColumn
    name：存外键字段
    referencedColumnName：对方表主键字段的名称（可以省略
     */
    @JoinColumn(name="extid",referencedColumnName = "ext_id")
    //在属性上添加注释@OneToOne   代表是一对一
    @OneToOne
    private CustomerExt customerExt;

    public CustomerExt getCustomerExt() {
        return customerExt;
    }

    public void setCustomerExt(CustomerExt customerExt) {
        this.customerExt = customerExt;
    }

    public long getCustId() {
        return custId;
    }

    public void setCustId(long custId) {
        this.custId = custId;
    }

    public String getCustName() {
        return custName;
    }

    public void setCustName(String custName) {
        this.custName = custName;
    }

    public String getCustSource() {
        return custSource;
    }

    public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
        this.custSource = custSource;
    }

    public String getCustIndustry() {
        return custIndustry;
    }

    public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
        this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
    }

    public String getCustLevel() {
        return custLevel;
    }

    public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
        this.custLevel = custLevel;
    }

    public String getCustAddress() {
        return custAddress;
    }

    public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
        this.custAddress = custAddress;
    }

    public String getCustPhone() {
        return custPhone;
    }

    public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
        this.custPhone = custPhone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "custId=" + custId +
                ", custName='" + custName + '\'' +
                ", custSource='" + custSource + '\'' +
                ", custIndustry='" + custIndustry + '\'' +
                ", custLevel='" + custLevel + '\'' +
                ", custAddress='" + custAddress + '\'' +
                ", custPhone='" + custPhone + '\'' +
                ", customerExt=" + customerExt +
                '}';
    }
}

CustomerExt类：

package cn.zf.jpa.entity;

import javax.persistence.*;

//配置实体类和数据库表的映射关系
@Entity
//@Table自动在数据库中创建该表 name属性的属性值是表名
@Table(name="cst_customer_ext")
public class CustomerExt {
    // 配置主键生成的策略(主键自增
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

    // 配置主键使用的字段
    @Id
    //@Column实体类与数据库字段名不一致时使用
    @Column(name="ext_id")
    private long extId;
    private String memo;
    private String info;

    /*
    在属性上添加@JoinColumn
    name：存外键字段
    referencedColumnName：对方表主键字段的名称（可以省略
     */
    @JoinColumn(name="custid")
    //在属性上添加注释@OneToOne   代表是一对一
    @OneToOne
    private Customer customer;

    public Customer getCustomer() {
        return customer;
    }

    public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
        this.customer = customer;
    }

    public long getExtId() {
        return extId;
    }

    public void setExtId(long extId) {
        this.extId = extId;
    }

    public String getMemo() {
        return memo;
    }

    public void setMemo(String memo) {
        this.memo = memo;
    }

    public String getInfo() {
        return info;
    }

    public void setInfo(String info) {
        this.info = info;
    }
}

5）测试：

CustomerDao接口代码：

package cn.zf.jpa.dao;

import cn.zf.jpa.entity.Customer;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;


/**
 *  JpaRepository需要注意的  继承后里面的泛型
 *  第一个是实体类类型  第二个是该类主键的数据类型
 *
 *  JpaSpecificationExecutor参数是实体类类型
 */
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer,Long> {

}

CustomerExt接口代码：

package cn.zf.jpa.dao;

import cn.zf.jpa.entity.CustomerExt;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

/**
 *  JpaRepository需要注意的  继承后里面的泛型
 *  第一个是实体类类型  第二个是该类主键的数据类型
 *
 *  JpaSpecificationExecutor参数是实体类类型
 */
public interface CustomerExtDao extends JpaRepository<CustomerExt,Long> {

}

测试类代码：

package cd.zf.test;

import cn.zf.jpa.dao.CustomerDao;
import cn.zf.jpa.dao.CustomerExtDao;
import cn.zf.jpa.entity.Customer;
import cn.zf.jpa.entity.CustomerExt;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Commit;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class SpringDataJpaOneToOne {
    @Autowired
    private CustomerDao customerDao;
    @Autowired
    private CustomerExtDao customerExtDao;

    @Test
    @Transactional
    @Commit
    public void add(){
        //创建商品表对象
        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setCustAddress("芬兰");
        customer.setCustName("极光");
        //创建拓展商品表对象
        CustomerExt customerExt = new CustomerExt();
        customerExt.setMemo("一月");
        customerExt.setInfo("芬兰一月极光");
        //配置对象的关联关系
        customer.setCustomerExt(customerExt);
        customerExt.setCustomer(customer);
        //把对象写入数据库
        customerDao.save(customer);
        customerExtDao.save(customerExt);
    }
}

over~

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Spring Data JAP框架处理表关系的步骤（一对一外键关联

Spring Data JAP框架处理表关系的步骤：1）确定表和表之间的关系2）对应表创建实体类3）在实体类配置注解关联关系4）测试一对一表关系的实现方案（外键关联： 1 在Customer实体类中添加属性CustomerExt类型，在CustomerExt实体类中添加属性Customer类型 2 在属性上添加注释@OneToOne，代表是一对一 ...
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