用java 、C++、 C 或者VB 中任何一种语言实现两个函数encode()和decode(),分别实现对字符串的变换和复原.变换函数encode()顺序考察已知字符串的字符,按以下规则逐组生成新字符串:
(1)若已知字符串的当前字符不是大于0的数字字符,则复制该字符于新字符串中.
(2)若已知字符串的当前字符是一个数字字符,且它之后没有后继字符,则简单地将它复制到新字符串中
(3)若已知字符串的当前字符是一个大于0的数字字符,并且还有后继字符,设该数字字符的面值为n,则将它的后继字符(包括后继字符是一个数字字符)重复复制n+1次到新字符串中.
(4)以上述一次变换为一组,在不同组之间另插入一个下划线'_'用于分隔.
(5)若已知字符串中包含有下划线'_',则变换为用 ”/UL” 。
例如:encode()函数对字符串24ab_2t2的变换结果为 444_aaaaa_a_b_/UL_ttt_t_2
复原函数decode()做变换函数encode()的相反的工作.按照上述规则逆运算,变回原来的字 符串。滤调多余的下划线字符。
/******************************** Coder.java *************************************/
package code;
import java.util.*;
public class Coder {
public static String encode(String temp) {
String target = "";
for(int i=0;i<temp.length();i++) {
if(temp.charAt(i)>'9' || temp.charAt(i)<'1') {//char = true
if(temp.charAt(i)=='_')
target += "//UL";
else
target += temp.charAt(i);
}
else {
if(i!=temp.length()-1) {
String miniStr = "";
int n = Integer.parseInt(temp.charAt(i)+"");
for(int j=0;j<=n;j++) {
miniStr += temp.charAt(i+1);
}
target +=miniStr;
}
else {
target +=temp.charAt(i);
}
}
if(i!=temp.length()-1)
target +='_';
}
return target;
}
public static String decode(String origin) {
String target="";
String temp="";
int start=0;
temp='_'+origin+'_';
origin = temp;
ArrayList iflag = new ArrayList();
for(int i=0;i<temp.length();i++) {
if(temp.charAt(i)=='_') {
if(i==0 || temp.charAt(i-1)!='_' || i==temp.length()-1) {
iflag.add(new Integer(i));
}
}
}
for(int i=0;i<iflag.size()-1;i++) {
String subtemp = origin.substring(((Integer)iflag.get(i)).intValue()+1,
((Integer)iflag.get(i+1)).intValue());
if(subtemp.length()!=1) {
if(subtemp.indexOf("//UL")!=-1) {
target += "_";
}
else {
target += subtemp.length()-1;
}
}
else {
target += subtemp;
}
}
return target;
}
}
编码解法比较简单,主要是解码。如果让一百个人写,会有100种做法。
我的解码算法是把原字符串首位都加上一个下滑线(“_ ”),然后逐字节读取字符串,保存起分割作用的下滑线。(注:分割作用的下滑线前一字符必不为下滑线)这样就把原串划分为子串,在反向变换即可得到解码后的字符串。
另附图形界面代码:
/****************************** _View.java ***************************************/
package code;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class _View extends JFrame {
public _View(String title) {
super(title);
btn_encode = new JButton("编码");
btn_decode = new JButton("解码");
lbl_origin = new JLabel("源 码: ");
lbl_target = new JLabel("目标码: ");
lbl_disTarget = new JLabel("");
lbl_disTarget.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.LEFT);
txt_input = new JTextField(30);
btn_encode.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String origin = txt_input.getText().trim();
String target = Coder.encode(origin);
lbl_disTarget.setText(target);
validate();
}
});
btn_decode.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String origin = txt_input.getText().trim();
String target = Coder.decode(origin);
lbl_disTarget.setText(target);
validate();
}
});
con.setLayout(gb);
addComponent(lbl_origin,0,0,2,1,15,15,15,5);
addComponent(txt_input,2,0,4,1,15,15,15,15);
addComponent(lbl_target,0,1,2,1,10,5,15,5);
addComponent(lbl_disTarget,2,1,4,1,10,5,15,5);
addComponent(btn_encode,2,2,2,1,5,5,10,5);
addComponent(btn_decode,4,2,2,1,5,10,10,15);
pack();
//setResizable(false);
setVisible(true);
}
public void addComponent(Component c,int gridx,int gridy,int width,int height,int left,int right,int top,int bottom) {
gbc.gridx = gridx;
gbc.gridy = gridy;
gbc.gridwidth = width;
gbc.gridheight = height;
inset.left = left;
inset.right = right;
inset.top = top;
inset.bottom = bottom;
gb.setConstraints(c,gbc);
con.add(c);
}
private JButton btn_encode;
private JButton btn_decode;
private JLabel lbl_origin;
private JLabel lbl_target;
private JLabel lbl_disTarget;
private JTextField txt_input;
private GridBagLayout gb = new GridBagLayout();
private GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
private Container con = getContentPane();
private Insets inset = new Insets(0,0,0,0);
}
/***************************** Application.java ****************************************/
package code;
import javax.swing.*;
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame app = new _View("编码");
}
}