所有作品合集传送门: Tidy Tuesday
2018 年合集传送门: 2018
US Tuition Costs
Average Tuition and Educational Attainment in the United States。
Tidy Tuesday 在 GitHub 上的传送地址:
Thomas Mock (2022). Tidy Tuesday: A weekly data project aimed at the R ecosystem. https://github.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday
1. 一些环境设置
# 设置为国内镜像, 方便快速安装模块
options("repos" = c(CRAN = "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/"))
2. 设置工作路径
wkdir <- '/home/user/R_workdir/TidyTuesday/2018/2018-04-02_US_Tuition_Costs/src-f'
setwd(wkdir)
3. 加载 R 包
library(tidyverse)
library(pheatmap)
library(RColorBrewer)
library(showtext)
# 在 Ubuntu 系统上测试的, 不加这个我画出来的汉字会乱码 ~
showtext_auto()
4. 加载数据
df_input <- readxl::read_excel("../data/us_avg_tuition.xlsx")
# 简要查看数据内容
glimpse(df_input)
## Rows: 50
## Columns: 13
## $ State <chr> "Alalbert", "Alaska", "Arizona", "Arkansas", "California", "C…
## $ `2004-05` <dbl> 5682.838, 4328.281, 5138.495, 5772.302, 5285.921, 4703.777, …
## $ `2005-06` <dbl> 5840.550, 4632.623, 5415.516, 6082.379, 5527.881, 5406.967, …
## $ `2006-07` <dbl> 5753.496, 4918.501, 5481.419, 6231.977, 5334.826, 5596.348, …
## $ `2007-08` <dbl> 6008.169, 5069.822, 5681.638, 6414.900, 5672.472, 6227.002, …
## $ `2008-09` <dbl> 6475.092, 5075.482, 6058.464, 6416.503, 5897.888, 6284.137, …
## $ `2009-10` <dbl> 7188.954, 5454.607, 7263.204, 6627.092, 7258.771, 6948.473, …
## $ `2010-11` <dbl> 8071.134, 5759.153, 8839.605, 6900.912, 8193.739, 7748.201, …
## $ `2011-12` <dbl> 8451.902, 5762.421, 9966.716, 7028.991, 9436.426, 8315.632, …
## $ `2012-13` <dbl> 9098.069, 6026.143, 10133.503, 7286.580, 9360.574, 8792.856,…
## $ `2013-14` <dbl> 9358.929, 6012.445, 10296.200, 7408.495, 9274.193, 9292.954,…
## $ `2014-15` <dbl> 9496.084, 6148.808, 10413.844, 7606.410, 9186.824, 9298.599,…
## $ `2015-16` <dbl> 9751.101, 6571.340, 10646.278, 7867.297, 9269.844, 9748.188,…
# 检查数据的列名
colnames(df_input)
## [1] "State" "2004-05" "2005-06" "2006-07" "2007-08" "2008-09" "2009-10"
## [8] "2010-11" "2011-12" "2012-13" "2013-14" "2014-15" "2015-16"
5. 数据预处理
# 调整年份为 YYYY 格式, 方便绘图展示
df_tidy <- df_input %>%
dplyr::rename(
"2004" = "2004-05",
"2005" = "2005-06",
"2006" = "2006-07",
"2007" = "2007-08",
"2008" = "2008-09",
"2009" = "2009-10",
"2010" = "2010-11",
"2011" = "2011-12",
"2012" = "2012-13",
"2013" = "2013-14",
"2014" = "2014-15",
"2015" = "2015-16")
# 将 State 转换为字符串格式
df_tidy$State <- as.character(df_tidy$State)
# 从美元值中去除 "$" 和 "," 符号
indx <- sapply(df_tidy, is.factor)
df_tidy[indx] <- lapply(df_tidy[indx], function(x) as.numeric(gsub("[,$]", "", x)))
# 自定义一个函数, 用于创建矩阵但保留行名
mat.convert <- function(i) {
# tibble 转换为 data.frame 格式, 否则会报错
i <- as.data.frame(i)
mat <- as.matrix(i[, -1])
rownames(mat) <- i[, 1]
mat
}
df_plot <- mat.convert(df_tidy)
# 简要查看数据内容
glimpse(df_plot)
## num [1:50, 1:12] 5683 4328 5138 5772 5286 ...
## - attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
## ..$ : chr [1:50] "Alabama" "Alaska" "Arizona" "Arkansas" ...
## ..$ : chr [1:12] "2004" "2005" "2006" "2007" ...
6. 用 pheatmap 绘制热图
# 自定义调色板
palette <- colorRampPalette(c("blue", "red"))(100)
# 使用 pheatmap() 函数绘制热图
figure = pheatmap(df_plot, color = palette, cluster_cols = FALSE, border_color = NA, cellwidth = 30, cellheight = 10)
7 保存图片到 PDF 和 PNG
filename = '20180402-F-01'
ggsave(figure, filename = paste0(filename, ".pdf"), width = 10, height = 7.6, device = cairo_pdf)
ggsave(figure, filename = paste0(filename, ".png"), width = 10, height = 7.6, dpi = 100, device = "png")
8. session-info
sessionInfo()
## R version 4.2.1 (2022-06-23)
## Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
## Running under: Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTS
##
## Matrix products: default
## BLAS: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/libblas.so.3
## LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-pthread/liblapack.so.3
##
## locale:
## [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C
## [3] LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8
## [5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8
## [7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C
## [9] LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C
## [11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C
##
## attached base packages:
## [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
##
## other attached packages:
## [1] showtext_0.9-5 showtextdb_3.0 sysfonts_0.8.8 RColorBrewer_1.1-3
## [5] pheatmap_1.0.12 forcats_0.5.2 stringr_1.4.1 dplyr_1.0.10
## [9] purrr_0.3.4 readr_2.1.2 tidyr_1.2.1 tibble_3.1.8
## [13] ggplot2_3.3.6 tidyverse_1.3.2
##
## loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
## [1] lubridate_1.8.0 assertthat_0.2.1 digest_0.6.29
## [4] utf8_1.2.2 R6_2.5.1 cellranger_1.1.0
## [7] backports_1.4.1 reprex_2.0.2 evaluate_0.16
## [10] highr_0.9 httr_1.4.4 pillar_1.8.1
## [13] rlang_1.0.5 googlesheets4_1.0.1 readxl_1.4.1
## [16] rstudioapi_0.14 jquerylib_0.1.4 rmarkdown_2.16
## [19] textshaping_0.3.6 googledrive_2.0.0 munsell_0.5.0
## [22] broom_1.0.1 compiler_4.2.1 modelr_0.1.9
## [25] xfun_0.32 systemfonts_1.0.4 pkgconfig_2.0.3
## [28] htmltools_0.5.3 tidyselect_1.1.2 fansi_1.0.3
## [31] crayon_1.5.1 tzdb_0.3.0 dbplyr_2.2.1
## [34] withr_2.5.0 grid_4.2.1 jsonlite_1.8.0
## [37] gtable_0.3.1 lifecycle_1.0.1 DBI_1.1.3
## [40] magrittr_2.0.3 scales_1.2.1 cli_3.3.0
## [43] stringi_1.7.8 cachem_1.0.6 fs_1.5.2
## [46] xml2_1.3.3 bslib_0.4.0 ragg_1.2.3
## [49] ellipsis_0.3.2 generics_0.1.3 vctrs_0.4.1
## [52] tools_4.2.1 glue_1.6.2 hms_1.1.2
## [55] fastmap_1.1.0 yaml_2.3.5 colorspace_2.0-3
## [58] gargle_1.2.1 rvest_1.0.3 knitr_1.40
## [61] haven_2.5.1 sass_0.4.2
测试数据
配套数据下载:us_avg_tuition.xlsx