Effective Java – Item 9 try-with-resources 优先于 try-finally

item9 · try-with-resources 优先于 try-finally

try-with-resources 可以更好地解决资源关闭问题

例子

    static void copy(String src, String dst) throws IOException {
        try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(src);
             OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dst)) {
            byte[] buf = new byte[128];
            int n;
            while ((n = in.read(buf)) >= 0) {
                out.write(buf, 0, n);
            }
        }
    }

前提

• Java 7 引入 try-with-resources
• 构造的资源，必须先实现 AutoCloseable 接口

优点

将上例改为 try-finally 如下：

    static void copy(String src, String dst) throws IOException {
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(src);
        try {
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dst);
            try {
                byte[] buf = new byte[128];
                int n;
                while ((n = in.read(buf)) >= 0) {
                    out.write(buf, 0, n);
                }
            } finally {
                out.close();
            }
        }finally {
            in.close();
        }
    }

• 使用 try-with-resources 可以使代码变得简洁、清晰
• 如果内层 read 方法发生底层错误，那么在 close 时也会抛出错误，而 close 抛出的异常会抹除 read 抛出的异常，导致调试变得非常复杂