css3转换(transform属性---rotate() / translateX() / translateY() / translate(x,y) / scaleX()...)

目录


*** Transform(变形)属性 ***

  • 2D转换

  • rotate() 旋转


 

【注意】:rotate指定对象的2D旋转,指定对象指的是当前对象,也就是原元素,虽然子元素也会跟着动,但是子元素并没有发生相对旋转,旋转一定要有一个旋转中心,所以需先有transform-origin属性的定义来确定旋转中心,如果缺省,默认为transform-origin: 50% 50%。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>rotate</title>
<style type="text/css">
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style-type: none; }
a,
img { border: 0; }
body { font: 12px/180% Arial; }
.main { width: 1000px; margin: 50px auto; position: relative; }
.pic { width: 300px; height: 290px; border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #fff; box-shadow: 2px 2px 3px #aaa; }
.pic img { margin: 10px 0 0 8px; width: 285px; }
.pic p { text-align: center; font-size: 20px; }
.pic1 {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(7deg);
       -moz-transform: rotate(7deg);
        -ms-transform: rotate(7deg);
         -o-transform: rotate(7deg);
            transform: rotate(7deg);
}
.pic2 {
    -webkit-transform: rotate(-8deg);
       -moz-transform: rotate(-8deg);
        -ms-transform: rotate(-8deg);
         -o-transform: rotate(-8deg);
            transform: rotate(-8deg);
}
.pic3 { position: absolute; top: 40px; left: 350px; z-index: 2;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(-35deg);
       -moz-transform: rotate(-35deg);
        -ms-transform: rotate(-35deg);
         -o-transform: rotate(-35deg);
            transform: rotate(-35deg);
}
.pic4 { position: absolute; top: 360px; left: 350px; z-index: 3;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(35deg);
       -moz-transform: rotate(35deg);
        -ms-transform: rotate(35deg);
         -o-transform: rotate(35deg);
            transform: rotate(35deg);
}
.pic5 { position: absolute; top: 150px; left: 600px; z-index: 4;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(60deg);
       -moz-transform: rotate(60deg);
        -ms-transform: rotate(60deg);
         -o-transform: rotate(60deg);
            transform: rotate(60deg);
}
.pic6 { position: absolute; top: 180px; left: 280px; z-index: 5;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(-60deg);
       -moz-transform: rotate(-60deg);
        -ms-transform: rotate(-60deg);
         -o-transform: rotate(-60deg);
            transform: rotate(-60deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main">
    <div class="pic pic1"><img src="images/1.jpg"><p>顺时针7度</p></div>
    <div class="pic pic2"><img src="images/2.jpg"><p>逆时针8度</p></div>
    <div class="pic pic3"><img src="images/3.jpg"><p>逆时针35度</p></div>
    <div class="pic pic4"><img src="images/4.jpg"><p>顺时针35度</p></div>
    <div class="pic pic5"><img src="images/5.jpg"><p>顺时针60度</p></div>
    <div class="pic pic6"><img src="images/6.jpg"><p>逆时针60度</p></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 

  • translate()  平移

 

            

 

 

//第一个参数必填;如果只写一个参数,则默认第二个参数为0

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>translateX</title>
<style type="text/css">
div { width: 1500px; height: 250px; background: #abcdef; margin: auto; }
div > img {
	transform: translateX(200px/em/vh/vm/%...(只能是具体的值,但是不能是left等方位词));
    transform: translateY(200px/em/vh/vm/%...(只能是具体的值,但是不能是top等方位词));
    transform: translate(200px,100px);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><img src="images/1.jpg"></div>
</body>
</html>

 

  • scale()  缩放

  // 不需要单位,数值仅能是0.几,不能是百分数

 

         

 

 // 第一个参数必填,第二个不写默认与第一个参数相同

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>scaleX</title>
<style type="text/css">
div { width: 1500px; height: 250px; background: #abcdef; margin: auto; }
div > img {
	transform: scaleX(.5); /*水平方向 基于中间线缩放为原来的50%,1-100%,...*/
       transform: scaleY(.5); /*竖直方向 基于中间水平线缩放*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!--验证-->
<div><img src="images/1.jpg"></div>
</body>
</html>

 

  • skew()  扭曲/斜切

 

【注意】:正数为逆时针斜切;负数为顺时针斜切;中心为图片的中心;(与rotate是相反的)

         // 当为90度时,图片会小时

 

// 当只有一个参数时,第二个参数默认为0

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>skewX</title>
<style type="text/css">
div { width: 1500px; height: 250px; background: #abcdef; margin: auto; }
div > img {
	transform: skewX(15deg);/**/
        transform: skewY(15deg);
        transform: skew(15deg, 15deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><img src="images/1.jpg"></div>
</body>
</html>

 

  • 3D转换

  • rotate3d()

       

 

     

 

    

 

  

 

【注意】:在transform: rotate3d(x, y, z, angle);中,第一个参数表示X轴,第二个参数表示Y轴,第三个参数表示Z轴,其中0为该方向不旋转,大于0为正方向旋转(顺时针),小于0为负方向旋转(逆时针),第四个参数表示旋转的角度,参数不允许省略。(rotate3d(0,0,1,-45deg) = rotate3d(0,0,-1,45deg))

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>rotateX</title>
<style type="text/css">
div { width: 1500px; height: 250px; background: #abcdef; margin: auto; }
div > img {
	transform: rotateX(45deg);
        transform: rotateY(45deg);
        transform: rotateZ(45deg);
        transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 45deg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><img src="images/1.jpg"></div>
</body>
</html>

 

  • translate3d()---增加了z轴方向平移

  // 视觉上不太明显,适用于 遮罩应用

 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>translateZ</title>
<style type="text/css">
div { width: 1500px; height: 250px; background: #abcdef; margin: auto; }
div > img {
	transform: translateZ(200px);
        transform: translate3d(200px, 200px, 200px);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><img src="images/1.jpg"></div>
</body>
</html>

 

  • scale3d()---增加了z轴方向缩放

   // 视觉上没有效果

 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>scaleZ</title>
<style type="text/css">
div { width: 1500px; height: 250px; background: #abcdef; margin: auto; }
div > img {
	transform: scaleZ(.5);
        transform: scale3d(.5, .5, .5); /*如若不想缩放,则为1*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><img src="images/sprite.jpg"></div>
</body>
</html>

 

*** transform 与 坐标系统 *** (简单说:围绕哪个点转换)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>origin</title>
<style type="text/css">
div { width: 1500px; height: 250px; background: #abcdef; margin: auto; }
div > img {
	transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 45deg);
	transform-origin: left top 0; /*原元素的左上角*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><img src="images/1.jpg"></div>
</body>
</html>

 

*** css3矩阵 ***(了解,后续用到再补充吧~)

 

*** css3扩展属性 ***

因为之前3d效果中部分效果不明显,所以引入以下属性

  • transform-style属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>transform style</title>
<style type="text/css">
body { background: #abcdef; }
div { position: relative; width: 760px; height: 760px; margin: auto;
	-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	   -moz-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	    -ms-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	     -o-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	        transform-style: preserve-3d;
}
div > .inner { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateY(-45deg); background: url(images/circle_inner.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .middle { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateX(-45deg); background: url(images/circle_middle.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .outer { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateZ(-45deg); background: url(images/circle_outer.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .pig{ position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; background: url(images/pig.png) no-repeat center center; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
	<div class="inner"></div>
	<div class="middle"></div>
	<div class="outer"></div>
	<div class="pig"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 

  • perspective属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>perspective</title>
<style type="text/css">
body { background: #abcdef; }
div { position: relative; width: 760px; height: 760px; margin: auto;
	-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	   -moz-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	    -ms-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	     -o-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	        transform-style: preserve-3d;
	-webkit-perspective: 500px;
	   -moz-perspective: 500px;
	    -ms-perspective: 500px;
	     -o-perspective: 500px;
	        perspective: 500px; /*数值越大越远,数值越小越近*/
}
div > .inner { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateY(45deg); background: url(images/circle_inner.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .middle { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateX(45deg); background: url(images/circle_middle.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .outer { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateZ(45deg); background: url(images/circle_outer.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .pig{ position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; background: url(images/pig.png) no-repeat center center; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
	<div class="inner"></div>
	<div class="middle"></div>
	<div class="outer"></div>
	<div class="pig"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>perspective</title>
<style type="text/css">
body { background: #abcdef; }
div { position: relative; width: 760px; height: 760px; margin: auto;
	-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	   -moz-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	    -ms-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	     -o-transform-style: preserve-3d;
	        transform-style: preserve-3d;
	-webkit-perspective: 500px;
	   -moz-perspective: 500px;
	    -ms-perspective: 500px;
	     -o-perspective: 500px;
	        perspective: 500px; /*数值越大越远,数值越小越近*/
        -webkit-perspective-origin: bottom;
	   -moz-perspective-origin: bottom;
	    -ms-perspective-origin: bottom;
	     -o-perspective-origin: bottom;
	        perspective-origin: bottom;
}
div > .inner { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateY(45deg); background: url(images/circle_inner.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .middle { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateX(45deg); background: url(images/circle_middle.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .outer { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; transform: rotateZ(45deg); background: url(images/circle_outer.png) no-repeat center center; }
div > .pig{ position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: auto; background: url(images/pig.png) no-repeat center center; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
	<div class="inner"></div>
	<div class="middle"></div>
	<div class="outer"></div>
	<div class="pig"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 

   

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>backface-visibility</title>
<style type="text/css">
body {
    -webkit-perspective: 800px;
            perspective: 800px;
    -webkit-perspective-origin: 50%;
            perspective-origin: 50%;
}
.cube { display: inline-block; width: 100px; height: 100px; margin: 50px;
    -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d;
            transform-style: preserve-3d;
}
.cube > div { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; box-shadow: inset 0 0 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1); color: gray; font-size: 20px; line-height: 100px; text-align: center; }
.front {
    -webkit-transform: translatez(50px);
            transform: translatez(50px);
}
.back {
    -webkit-transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px);
            transform: rotatey(180deg) translatez(50px);
}
.right {
    -webkit-transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px);
            transform: rotatey(90deg) translatez(50px);
}
.left {
    -webkit-transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px);
            transform: rotatey(-90deg) translatez(50px);
}
.top {
    -webkit-transform: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px);
            transform: rotatex(90deg) translatez(50px);
}
.bottom {
    -webkit-transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px);
            transform: rotatex(-90deg) translatez(50px);
}
.c1 > div {
    -webkit-backface-visibility: visible;
            backface-visibility: visible;
}
.c2 > div {
    -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
            backface-visibility: hidden;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="cube c1">
    <div class="front">1</div>
    <div class="back">2</div>
    <div class="right">3</div>
    <div class="left">4</div>
    <div class="top">5</div>
    <div class="bottom">6</div>
</div>
<div class="cube c2">
    <div class="front">1</div>
    <div class="back">2</div>
    <div class="right">3</div>
    <div class="left">4</div>
    <div class="top">5</div>
    <div class="bottom">6</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

 

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