1.getElementById–通过标签名获取元素
<div id="container">
<div>111</div>
<div>222</div>
<p>pppp</p>
</div>
<script>
var container = document.getElementById('container');
console.dir(container);//打印对象的所有属性和方法
console.log(container);//打印对象内容
</script>
2.getElementsByTagName–通过标签名获取标签集合数组
<div id="container">
<div>111</div>
<div>222</div>
<p>pppp</p>
</div>
var container = document.getElementById('container');
var divs = container.getElementsByTagName('div'); //container下的两个div---获取标签集合
console.log(divs); //打印对象信息
console.dir(divs);
3.getElementsByClassName–通过类名获取集合
<div id="container2">
<div class="aa" name="aa">111</div>
<span class="aa">222</span>
<div name="bb">333</div>
<div name="bb">333</div>
<div id="bb">444</div>
</div>
<script>
/* document.getElementsByClassName 获取所有 相同 class 相同的元素*/
var className = document.getElementsByClassName('aa');
console.log(className); //HTMLCollection
</script>
4.getElementsByName–通过元素属性name获取
<div name="bb">333</div>
<div name="bb">333</div>
<div id="bb">444</div>
/* document.getElementsByName 获取name 相同的元素*/
var getName = document.getElementsByName('bb');
console.log(getName); //在IE和 opera浏览器中,会返回 HtmlCollection ,而不是NodeList