Python 面向对象程序设计练习2：封装、继承、多态

使用Python实现下述功能。

房地产代理公司（agent）管理用于购买或租聘的房产（property）。市面上有两种类型的房产：公寓（apartment）和房子（house）。公司需要能够选择一种类型的房产加入待售列表，并输入一些新房产的相关细节：所有房产都有名称、面积、价格；公寓有楼层数；房子有花园面积。可以列出目前所有手头的房产，并且可以选择一个房产进行出售或出租，将其标记成售出或已租的状态。

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class Agent:
    id = 1000
    __properties = []

    def add_property(self, property_):
        Agent.__properties.append(property_)

    def list_properties(self):
        for p in Agent.__properties:
            print(p)

    def get_property(self, id_):
        for p in Agent.__properties:
            if p.get_id() == id_:
                return p


class Property:
    def __init__(self, name, area, price):
        Agent.id += 1
        self._id = Agent.id
        self._name = name
        self._area = area
        self._price = price
        self._status = "for sale"

    def __str__(self):
        return f"id: {self._id}, name: {self._name}, area: {self._area}, price: {self._price}, status: {self._status}"

    def sell(self):
        self._status = "sold"

    def rent(self):
        self._status = "rented"

    def get_id(self):
        return self._id


class Apartment(Property):
    def __init__(self, name, area, price, floor):
        super().__init__(name, area, price)
        self.__type = "apartment"
        self.__floor = floor

    def __str__(self):
        return super().__str__() + f", floor: {self.__floor}"


class House(Property):
    def __init__(self, name, area, price, garden_area):
        super().__init__(name, area, price)
        self.__type = "house"
        self.__garden_area = garden_area

    def __str__(self):
        return super().__str__() + f", garden area = {self.__garden_area}"


if __name__ == "__main__":
    agent = Agent()
    apartment1 = Apartment("apartment1", 80, 1000000, 5)
    apartment2 = Apartment("apartment2", 100, 1200000, 10)
    house1 = House("house1", 200, 8000000, 50)
    house2 = House("house2", 170, 5500000, 60)
    agent.add_property(apartment1)
    agent.add_property(apartment2)
    agent.add_property(house1)
    agent.add_property(house2)
    # 列出所有房产
    agent.list_properties()
    # 出售house1
    agent.get_property(1003).sell()
    # 出租apartment1
    agent.get_property(1001).rent()
    print("-----------------------")
    # 列出所有房产
    agent.list_properties()