Chapter 4 Part 7 关联源码走读

1 wpa_supplicant_connect

events.c

int wpa_supplicant_connect(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s,
			   struct wpa_bss *selected,
			   struct wpa_ssid *ssid) {
	wpa_msg(wpa_s, MSG_DEBUG,
		"Considering connect request: reassociate: %d  selected: "
		MACSTR "  bssid: " MACSTR "  pending: " MACSTR
		"  wpa_state: %s  ssid=%p  current_ssid=%p",
		wpa_s->reassociate, MAC2STR(selected->bssid),
		MAC2STR(wpa_s->bssid), MAC2STR(wpa_s->pending_bssid),
		wpa_supplicant_state_txt(wpa_s->wpa_state),
		ssid, wpa_s->current_ssid);
    
    //wpa_s->pending_bssid用于存储目标网络的BSSID

	if (wpa_s->reassociate ||
	    (os_memcmp(selected->bssid, wpa_s->bssid, ETH_ALEN) != 0 &&
	     ((wpa_s->wpa_state != WPA_ASSOCIATING &&
	       wpa_s->wpa_state != WPA_AUTHENTICATING) ||
	      (!is_zero_ether_addr(wpa_s->pending_bssid) &&
	       os_memcmp(selected->bssid, wpa_s->pending_bssid, ETH_ALEN) !=
	       0) ||
	      (is_zero_ether_addr(wpa_s->pending_bssid) &&
	       ssid != wpa_s->current_ssid)))) {
		if (wpa_supplicant_scard_init(wpa_s, ssid)) {
			wpa_supplicant_req_new_scan(wpa_s, 10, 0);
			return 0;
		}
		wpa_msg(wpa_s, MSG_DEBUG, "Request association with " MACSTR,
			MAC2STR(selected->bssid));
        //发起关联操作            
		wpa_supplicant_associate(wpa_s, selected, ssid);
	} else {
		wpa_dbg(wpa_s, MSG_DEBUG, "Already associated or trying to "
			"connect with the selected AP");
	}

	return 0;
}

wpa_supplicant_connect 最重要的工作就是触发STA发起关联操作

2 wpa_supplicant_associate

wpa_supplicant.c

和发起无线扫描请求一样，wpa_supplicant_associate函数主要目的就是
填充一个用于向wlan driver发起关联请求的 struct wpa_driver_associate_params 类型的对象
然后调用driver interface对应的接口函数

下面这份代码不匹配教材上的

void wpa_supplicant_associate(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s,
			      struct wpa_bss *bss, struct wpa_ssid *ssid)
{
	struct wpa_connect_work *cwork;
	int rand_style;

	wpa_s->own_disconnect_req = 0;
	wpa_s->own_reconnect_req = 0;

	/*
	 * If we are starting a new connection, any previously pending EAPOL
	 * RX cannot be valid anymore.
	 */
	wpabuf_free(wpa_s->pending_eapol_rx);
	wpa_s->pending_eapol_rx = NULL;

	if (ssid->mac_addr == -1)
		rand_style = wpa_s->conf->mac_addr;
	else
		rand_style = ssid->mac_addr;

	wpa_s->multi_ap_ie = 0;
	wmm_ac_clear_saved_tspecs(wpa_s);
	wpa_s->reassoc_same_bss = 0;
	wpa_s->reassoc_same_ess = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS
	wpa_s->testing_resend_assoc = 0;
#endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */

	if (wpa_s->last_ssid == ssid) {
		wpa_dbg(wpa_s, MSG_DEBUG, "Re-association to the same ESS");
		wpa_s->reassoc_same_ess = 1;
		if (wpa_s->current_bss && wpa_s->current_bss == bss) {
			wmm_ac_save_tspecs(wpa_s);
			wpa_s->reassoc_same_bss = 1;
		} else if (wpa_s->current_bss && wpa_s->current_bss != bss) {
			os_get_reltime(&wpa_s->roam_start);
		}
	} else {
#ifdef CONFIG_SAE
		wpa_s_clear_sae_rejected(wpa_s);
		wpa_s_setup_sae_pt(wpa_s->conf, ssid);
#endif /* CONFIG_SAE */
	}

	if (rand_style > 0 && !wpa_s->reassoc_same_ess) {
		if (wpas_update_random_addr(wpa_s, rand_style) < 0)
			return;
		wpa_sm_pmksa_cache_flush(wpa_s->wpa, ssid);
	} else if (rand_style == 0 && wpa_s->mac_addr_changed) {
		if (wpa_drv_set_mac_addr(wpa_s, NULL) < 0) {
			wpa_msg(wpa_s, MSG_INFO,
				"Could not restore permanent MAC address");
			return;
		}
		wpa_s->mac_addr_changed = 0;
		if (wpa_supplicant_update_mac_addr(wpa_s) < 0) {
			wpa_msg(wpa_s, MSG_INFO,
				"Could not update MAC address information");
			return;
		}
		wpa_msg(wpa_s, MSG_DEBUG, "Using permanent MAC address");
	}
	wpa_s->last_ssid = ssid;

	if (ssid->mode == WPAS_MODE_AP || ssid->mode == WPAS_MODE_P2P_GO ||
	    ssid->mode == WPAS_MODE_P2P_GROUP_FORMATION) {
		return;
	}

	if (ssid->mode == WPAS_MODE_MESH) {
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Set WPA state machine configuration to match the selected network now
	 * so that the information is available before wpas_start_assoc_cb()
	 * gets called. This is needed at least for RSN pre-authentication where
	 * candidate APs are added to a list based on scan result processing
	 * before completion of the first association.
	 */
	wpa_supplicant_rsn_supp_set_config(wpa_s, ssid);

	if ((wpa_s->drv_flags & WPA_DRIVER_FLAGS_SME) &&
	    ssid->mode == WPAS_MODE_INFRA) {
		sme_authenticate(wpa_s, bss, ssid);
		return;
	}

	if (wpa_s->connect_work) {
		wpa_dbg(wpa_s, MSG_DEBUG, "Reject wpa_supplicant_associate() call since connect_work exist");
		return;
	}

	if (radio_work_pending(wpa_s, "connect")) {
		wpa_dbg(wpa_s, MSG_DEBUG, "Reject wpa_supplicant_associate() call since pending work exist");
		return;
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_SME
	if (ssid->mode == WPAS_MODE_IBSS || ssid->mode == WPAS_MODE_MESH) {
		/* Clear possibly set auth_alg, if any, from last attempt. */
		wpa_s->sme.auth_alg = WPA_AUTH_ALG_OPEN;
	}
#endif /* CONFIG_SME */

	wpas_abort_ongoing_scan(wpa_s);

	cwork = os_zalloc(sizeof(*cwork));
	if (cwork == NULL)
		return;

	cwork->bss = bss;
	cwork->ssid = ssid;

	if (radio_add_work(wpa_s, bss ? bss->freq : 0, "connect", 1,
			   wpas_start_assoc_cb, cwork) < 0) {
		os_free(cwork);
	}
}

3 wpa_driver_nl80211_associate

driver_nl80211.c

static int wpa_driver_nl80211_associate(
	void *priv, struct wpa_driver_associate_params *params)
{
	struct i802_bss *bss = priv;
	struct wpa_driver_nl80211_data *drv = bss->drv;
	int ret = -1;
	struct nl_msg *msg;

	nl80211_unmask_11b_rates(bss);

    //处理AP和IBSS的情况
	if (params->mode == IEEE80211_MODE_AP)
		return wpa_driver_nl80211_ap(drv, params);

	if (params->mode == IEEE80211_MODE_IBSS)
		return wpa_driver_nl80211_ibss(drv, params);

    //目前大部分手机不支持WPA_DRIVER_FLAGS_SME
    //前面的描述是，STA首先发送authentication请求，然后再发送association请求
    //wpa_supplicant_associate中有一个sme_authenticate函数，用于发起authentication请求
    //对于不支持SME(Station Management Entity)的wlan driver来说，WPAS只需要向wlan driver发送connect命令
    //即可完成association和authentication两步
    //实现方式与wlan driver和cfg80211有关
	if (!(drv->capa.flags & WPA_DRIVER_FLAGS_SME)) {
		enum nl80211_iftype nlmode = params->p2p ?
			NL80211_IFTYPE_P2P_CLIENT : NL80211_IFTYPE_STATION;

		if (wpa_driver_nl80211_set_mode(priv, nlmode) < 0)
			return -1;
		if (params->key_mgmt_suite == WPA_KEY_MGMT_SAE ||
		    params->key_mgmt_suite == WPA_KEY_MGMT_FT_SAE)
			bss->use_nl_connect = 1;
		else
			bss->use_nl_connect = 0;

		return wpa_driver_nl80211_connect(drv, params,
						  get_connect_handle(bss));
	}

fail:
	nlmsg_free(msg);
	return ret;
}

4 wpa_driver_nl80211_connect

static int wpa_driver_nl80211_connect(
	struct wpa_driver_nl80211_data *drv,
	struct wpa_driver_associate_params *params,
	struct nl_sock *nl_connect)
{
	int ret;

	/* Store the connection attempted bssid for future use */
	if (params->bssid)
		os_memcpy(drv->auth_attempt_bssid, params->bssid, ETH_ALEN);
	else
		os_memset(drv->auth_attempt_bssid, 0, ETH_ALEN);

	ret = wpa_driver_nl80211_try_connect(drv, params, nl_connect);
	if (ret == -EALREADY) {
		/*
		 * cfg80211 does not currently accept new connections if
		 * we are already connected. As a workaround, force
		 * disconnection and try again.
		 */
		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "nl80211: Explicitly "
			   "disconnecting before reassociation "
			   "attempt");
		if (wpa_driver_nl80211_disconnect(
			    drv, WLAN_REASON_PREV_AUTH_NOT_VALID, nl_connect))
			return -1;
		ret = wpa_driver_nl80211_try_connect(drv, params, nl_connect);
	}
	return ret;
}

static int wpa_driver_nl80211_try_connect(
	struct wpa_driver_nl80211_data *drv,
	struct wpa_driver_associate_params *params,
	struct nl_sock *nl_connect)
{
	struct nl_msg *msg;
	enum nl80211_auth_type type;
	int ret;
	int algs;

	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "nl80211: Connect (ifindex=%d)", drv->ifindex);
	msg = nl80211_drv_msg(drv, 0, NL80211_CMD_CONNECT);
	if (!msg)
		return -1;

	ret = nl80211_connect_common(drv, params, msg);

}

至此，WPAS就把CONNECT请求发给了驱动，驱动将完成 Authenticaiton帧和Association Request帧的处理