Nginx常用配置

Windows版本Nginx开机自启动

可直接下载已经配置好的文件，点击即可下载：Windows版本Nginx1.26.0

下载WinSW v2.12.0

首先从https://github.com/winsw/winsw/releases下载WinSW v2.12.0

下载Nginx

下载地址https://nginx.org/en/download.html

修改配置

1、将下载的WinSW-x64.exe拷贝到nginx的解压目录，我这里是D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0
2、将WinSW-x64.exe修改为nginx-service.exe
3、新增一个nginx-service.xml文件，内容如下

<service>
  <id>Nginx</id>
  <name>Nginx Service</name>
  <description>Nginx服务</description>
  <logpath>D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0\logs\</logpath>
  <logmode>roll</logmode>
  <log mode="roll-by-size">     
    <sizeThreshold>10240</sizeThreshold>     
    <keepFiles>8</keepFiles>   
  </log>
  <executable>D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0\nginx.exe</executable>
  <stopexecutable>D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0\nginx.exe -s stop</stopexecutable>
</service>

命令

用管理员身份打开命令行工具，安装服务执行nginx-service.exe install，卸载服务执行nginx-service.exe uninstall

D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0>
D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0>nginx-service.exe install
2024-09-07 21:59:18,214 INFO  - Installing service 'Nginx Service (Nginx)'...
2024-09-07 21:59:18,248 INFO  - Service 'Nginx Service (Nginx)' was installed successfully.

D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0>
D:\Server\nginx\nginx-1.26.0>nginx-service.exe uninstall
2024-09-07 21:59:28,039 INFO  - Uninstalling service 'Nginx Service (Nginx)'...
2024-09-07 21:59:28,044 INFO  - Service 'Nginx Service (Nginx)' was uninstalled successfully.

安装成功后，在服务管理器中可以看到

禁止其它域名访问

当一个有多个域名同时配置到一台主机时，这时使用这些域名都可以访问网站，如果要限制其他域名访问，可使用如下配置：

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
	client_max_body_size 200M;
    
    # 端口禁止其它二级域名访问
    server {
        listen      443 ssl default_server;
        listen      8443 ssl default_server;
        server_name _;

        ssl_certificate cert/test.com.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key cert/test.com.key;
        server_tokens off;
        
        error_page  403              /403.html;
        location = /403.html {
            root   html;
        }

        error_page  404              /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
            root   html;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        
        return 403;
    }

在NGINX的配置文件中，server_name _; 是一个特殊的指令，用于匹配任何未明确指定的域名。当一个HTTP请求到达NGINX服务器时，它会根据请求头中的Host字段来确定应该由哪个server块来处理这个请求。
当使用server_name _;时，这个server块将作为默认服务器来处理那些没有明确匹配到其他server_name的请求。这在你有多个域名或子域名，并且希望为没有匹配到的请求提供一个默认处理方式时非常有用。例如：

http {
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name example.com;

        location / {
            # 处理example.com的请求
        }
    }

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name _;

        location / {
            # 处理未匹配到的域名请求
        }
    }
}

在这个例子中，如果一个请求的Host头是example.com，那么第一个server块将会处理这个请求。如果Host头是其他任何域名，那么第二个server块（使用server_name _;）将会作为默认服务器来处理这个请求。

禁止其它二级域名访问

当有多个二级域名都指向一个主机，可以采用如下方式进行限制，注意这里server_name *.test.com;

server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name abc.test.com;

        ssl_certificate cert/test.com.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key cert/test.com.key;
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        # ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        
        server_tokens off;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
        client_max_body_size 200M;
        
        proxy_hide_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin;
        proxy_hide_header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials;
        proxy_hide_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods;
        proxy_hide_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers;
        proxy_hide_header Vary;
        
        add_header Content-Security-Policy "script-src 'self';" always;
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' 'https://192.168.31.2:443/';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' 'https://abc.test.com:5443/';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET,POST';
        add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Authorization';
        
        if ($request_method ~* OPTIONS) {
            return 403;
        }
        
        # 限制Swagger访问
        location ~ ^/api/v2 {
            return 403;
        }

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        
        error_page  403              /403.html;
        location = /403.html {
            root   html;
        }

        error_page  404              /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
            root   html;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }

    # 443端口禁止其它二级域名访问
    server {
        listen      443 ssl;
        server_name *.test.com;

        ssl_certificate cert/test.com.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key cert/test.com.key;
        server_tokens off;
        
        error_page  403              /403.html;
        location = /403.html {
            root   html;
        }

        error_page  404              /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
            root   html;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        
        return 500;
    }

禁止Nginx显示版本

使用server_tokens off，可参看上面的示例配置。