JavaEE企业级应用开发教程实验九Spring MVC的核心类和注解

实验九：Spring MVC的核心类和注解

一、实验目的

 1.了解Spring MVC核心类的作用

 2.掌握@Controller注解的使用

3.掌握@RequestMapping注解的使用

 4.掌握请求的映射方式

二、实验内容

DispatcherServlet、@Controller注解、@RequestMapping注解应用

三、实验步骤

1.DispatcherServlet

在项目的web.xml文件中配置DispatcherServlet

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
        org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

2.@Controller注解

为保证SpringMVC能够找到处理器需要在配置文件中声明

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.sun.controller"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    </bean>
</beans>

3.@RequestMapping注解应用

（1）标注在方法上

在src\main\java文件夹中创建com\sun\controller文件夹，在文件夹中创建FirstController类

package com.sun.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class FirstController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/firstController")
    public void sayHello(){
         System.out.println("hello Spring MVC");
    }
}

运行结果：

启动项目后在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/sy_ch9/firstController

（2）标注在类上

在FirstController类中@Controller后添加

@RequestMapping(value = "/springMVC")

运行结果：

启动项目后在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/sy_ch9/springMVC/firstController

（3）value属性

在src\main\java\com\sun\controller文件夹中创建AuthController类

package com.sun.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class AuthController {
    @RequestMapping(value = {"/addUser","/deleteUser"})
    public void checkAuth(){
        System.out.println("增删操作验证");
    }
}

运行结果：

启动项目后在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/sy_ch9/addUser

启动项目后在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/sy_ch9/deleteUser

（4）Method属性

在src\main\java\com\sun\controller中创建MethodController类

package com.sun.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/method")
public class MethodController {
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void get(){
        System.out.println("RequestMethod.GET");
    }
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public void delete(){
        System.out.println("RequestMethod.DELETE");
    }
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void post(){
        System.out.println("RequestMethod.POST");
    }
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.PUT)
    public void put(){
        System.out.println("RequestMethod.PUT");
    }
}

运行结果：

启动项目后在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/sy_ch9/method

（5）Params属性

在src\main\java\com\sun\controller中创建ParamsController类

package com.sun.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class ParamsController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/params",params = "id=1")
    public void findMyId(String id){
        System.out.println("id="+id);
    }
}

运行结果：

启动项目后在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/sy_ch9/params?id=1