【转载】Python各坐标系之间的转换（高斯、WGS84、Web墨卡托、瓦片坐标）

本文整理了一些地理坐标系之间的转换（python代码）

pip install pyproj

import math
from pyproj import CRS
from pyproj import Transformer
from pyproj import _datadir, datadir  # 加上这个linux打包执行不报错


crs_WGS84 = CRS.from_epsg(4326)  # WGS84地理坐标系
crs_WebMercator = CRS.from_epsg(3857)  # Web墨卡托投影坐标系
cell_size = 0.009330691929342804  # 分辨率（米），一个像素表示的大小(24级瓦片)
origin_level = 24  # 原始瓦片级别
EarthRadius = 6378137.0  # 地球半径
tile_size = 256  # 瓦片大小


def GK2WGS84(x_y, d):
    """
    高斯坐标转WGS84坐标
    :param x_y: 高斯坐标x,y集合
    :param d: 带号
    :return: 纬度,经度集合
    """
    format = '+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=' + str(d * 3) + ' +k=1 +x_0=500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs'
    crs_GK = CRS.from_proj4(format)
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_GK, crs_WGS84)
    lat_lon = transformer.itransform(x_y)
    return lat_lon


def WGS84ToWebMercator(lat_lon):
    """
    WGS84坐标转web墨卡托坐标
    :param lat_lon:  纬度,经度集合
    :return:  web墨卡托坐标x,y集合
    """
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_WGS84, crs_WebMercator)
    x_y = transformer.itransform(lat_lon)
    return x_y


def WebMercator2WGS84(x_y):
    """
    web墨卡托坐标转WGS84坐标
    :param x_y:  web墨卡托坐标x,y集合
    :return:  纬度,经度集合
    """
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_WebMercator, crs_WGS84)
    lat_lon = transformer.itransform(x_y)
    return lat_lon


def GK2WGS84_Single(x, y, d):
    """
    高斯坐标转WGS84坐标
    :param x: 高斯坐标x
    :param y: 高斯坐标y
    :param d: 带号
    :return: 纬度,经度
    """
    format = '+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=' + str(d * 3) + ' +k=1 +x_0=500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs'
    crs_GK = CRS.from_proj4(format)
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_GK, crs_WGS84)
    lat, lon = transformer.transform(x, y)
    return lat, lon


def WGS84ToGK_Single(lat, lon):
    """
    WGS84坐标转高斯坐标
    :param lat:  WGS84坐标纬度
    :param lon:  WGS84坐标经度
    :return: 高斯坐标x,y
    """
    d = int((lon + 1.5) / 3)
    format = '+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=' + str(d * 3) + ' +k=1 +x_0=500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs'
    crs_GK = CRS.from_proj4(format)
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_WGS84, crs_GK)
    x, y = transformer.transform(lat, lon)
    return x, y


def WGS84ToWebMercator_Single(lat, lon):
    """
    WGS84坐标转web墨卡托坐标
    :param lat:  WGS84坐标纬度
    :param lon:  WGS84坐标经度
    :return:  web墨卡托坐标x,y
    """
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_WGS84, crs_WebMercator)
    x, y = transformer.transform(lat, lon)
    return x, y


def WebMercator2WGS84_Single(x, y):
    """
    web墨卡托坐标转WGS84坐标
    :param x:  web墨卡托坐标x
    :param y:  web墨卡托坐标y
    :return:  纬度,经度
    """
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_WebMercator, crs_WGS84)
    lat, lon = transformer.transform(x, y)
    return lat, lon


def pixel2WebMercator(pixel, min_x, min_y, height, cell_size):
    """
    像素坐标转web墨卡托坐标
    :param pixel: 像素坐标
    :param min_x: web墨卡托坐标的最小x值
    :param min_y: web墨卡托坐标的最小y值
    :param height: 图片高
    :param cell_size: 地面分辨率（1像素代表多少米）
    :return: web墨卡托坐标
    """
    x = pixel[0] * cell_size + min_x
    y = (height - pixel[1]) * cell_size + min_y
    return x, y


def GK2WebMercator_Single(x, y, d):
    """
    高斯坐标转Web墨卡托坐标
    :param x: 高斯坐标x值
    :param y: 高斯坐标y值
    :param d: 带号
    :return: web墨卡托坐标
    """
    format = '+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=' + str(d * 3) + ' +k=1 +x_0=500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs'
    crs_GK = CRS.from_proj4(format)
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_GK, crs_WebMercator)
    web_x, web_y = transformer.transform(x, y)
    return web_x, web_y


def web2Pixel(x, y, level):
    """
    Web墨卡托坐标转像素坐标
    :param x: Web墨卡托坐标x值
    :param y: Web墨卡托坐标y值
    :param level: 瓦片级别
    :return: 像素坐标
    """
    real_cell_size = cell_size * math.pow(2, (origin_level - level))
    pixel_x = math.floor((x + math.pi * EarthRadius) / real_cell_size)
    pixel_y = math.floor((math.pi * EarthRadius - y) / real_cell_size)
    return pixel_x, pixel_y


def pixel2Web(pixel_x, pixel_y, level):
    """
    像素坐标转Web墨卡托坐标
    :param pixel_x: 像素x坐标
    :param pixel_y: 像素y坐标
    :param level: 瓦片级别
    :return: web墨卡托坐标
    """
    real_cell_size = cell_size * math.pow(2, (origin_level - level))
    web_x = pixel_x * real_cell_size - (math.pi * EarthRadius)
    web_y = math.pi * EarthRadius - (pixel_y * real_cell_size)
    return web_x, web_y


def pixelGetTile(pixel):
    """
    计算像素所在的瓦片号
    :param pixel: 像素坐标
    :return: 瓦片行列号
    """
    tile_x = int(pixel[0] / tile_size)
    tile_y = int(pixel[1] / tile_size)
    return tile_x, tile_y


def WGS84ToUTM(lon, lat):
    """
    经纬度转UTM坐标
    :param lon: 经度
    :param lat: 维度
    :return: UTM的xy坐标
    """
    d = int(lon / 6) + 31
    L0 = (6 * d - 3) - 180
    format = '+proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=' + str(L0) + ' +k=0.9996 +x_0=500000 +y_0=0 +ellps=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs'
    crs_UTM = CRS.from_proj4(format)
    transformer = Transformer.from_crs(crs_WGS84, crs_UTM)
    utm_x, utm_y = transformer.transform(lat, lon)
    return utm_x, utm_y

format格式说明