MyBatis是如何为Dao接口创建实现类的

本文是我的MyBatis源码分析专栏中第三节的一小部分,作为试读部分,详细讲述了MyBatis是如何通过动态代理创建Dao接口的实现类的。
专栏地址:MyBatis源码分析

专栏字数:14w+
专栏目录:在这里插入图片描述

SqlSession.getMapper如何设计的?

 UserDAO userDAO =  SqlSession.getMapper(UserDAO.class);
    //UserDAO接口的实现类的对象 
    //疑问? UserDAO接口实现类 在哪里? 我们写的是xml文件呀? --> 这是因为动态字节码技术(Spring 的 AOP 也是用了动态字节码技术)
    //动态字节码技术 ---> 类 在JVM 运行时创建 ,JVM运行结束后,消失了 

image-20221119115140118

动态自己码技术如何创建的实现类呢?
1. 如何 创建 UserDAO XXXDAO接口的实现类 
             代理 (动态代理)应用场景:
             a. 为原始对象(目标)增加【额外功能】 
             b. 远程代理 1.网络通信 2.输出传输 (RPCDubbo 
             c. 接口实现类,我们看不见实实在在的类文件,但是运行时却能体现出来。无中生有
            
Proxy.newProxyIntance(ClassLoader,Interface,InvocationHandler)

SqlSession.getMapper应用了代理模式:

debugSqlSession.getMappe方法可以发现雀氏是个代理对象:

image-20221119113858499

实现类的逻辑
interface UserDAO{
        List<User> queryAllUsers();         
        save(User user);
 }
             

UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO{
 queryAllUsers(){
      sqlSession.select("namespace.id",参数)
                        |-Excutor
                            |-StatementHandler
                                 |- ParameterHandler , ResultSetHandler
                                              TypeHandler 
 }
 save(){
    sqlSession.insert("namespace.id",参数)
  }
}
手写Mapper接口的实现类代理

来回顾一下动态代理设计模式:

image-20221119114310496

核心逻辑需要SqlSession来实现,SqlSession操作JDBC又需要statement,namespace.id: 可以通过接口class和方法名拿到。(接口的方法名不就是mapper标签中的id吗?)

所以代理类的构造方法如下设计:

public class MyMapperProxy implements InvocationHandler {

    private SqlSession sqlSession;

    private Class daoClass;

    public MyMapperProxy(SqlSession sqlSession,Class daoClass){
        this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
        this.daoClass = daoClass;
    }

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("namespace:"+daoClass.getName()+"."+method.getName());
        return sqlSession.selectList(daoClass.getName()+"."+method.getName());
    }
}

测试方法如下:

@Test
    public void testPorxy() throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("MyBatis/MyBatis-config.xml");
        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(inputStream);

        SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        Class[] interfaces = new Class[]{UserDao.class};
        //创建代理
        UserDao userDao = (UserDao) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
                MybatisTest.class.getClassLoader(),
                interfaces,
                new MyMapperProxy(sqlSession,UserDao.class));

        List<User> users = userDao.queryAll();
        users.forEach(System.out::println);
    }

image-20221119141053617

那如果我们userDao中接口如果有参数呢?Dao中还会有很多方法,上面的例子只有一个方法。

源码探究
  public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
    final MapperProxyFactory<T> mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory<T>) knownMappers.get(type);
    if (mapperProxyFactory == null) {
      throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is not known to the MapperRegistry.");
    }
    try {
      //核心代码
      return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new BindingException("Error getting mapper instance. Cause: " + e, e);
    }
  }
  • mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession); 就相当于上面例子中 Proxy.newProxyInstance
MapperProxyFactory核心代码分析:
public class MapperProxyFactory<T> {

  //各种xxxDao的class文件
  private final Class<T> mapperInterface;
  //方法缓存
  private final Map<Method, MapperMethodInvoker> methodCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

  public MapperProxyFactory(Class<T> mapperInterface) {
    this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface;
  }

  public Class<T> getMapperInterface() {
    return mapperInterface;
  }

  public Map<Method, MapperMethodInvoker> getMethodCache() {
    return methodCache;
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  protected T newInstance(MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy) {
     //核心代码,创建代理,mapperProxy就是具体的代理实现
    return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(mapperInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { mapperInterface }, mapperProxy);
  }


  public T newInstance(SqlSession sqlSession) {
    //相当于上面简单例子中的MyMapperProxy中的构造方法
    final MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy = new MapperProxy<>(sqlSession, mapperInterface, methodCache);
    return newInstance(mapperProxy);
  }

}
MapperProxy

看完了创建代理的工厂源码,下面该去看看添加的额外方法了:这里是关键代码,我们结合debug来看。

MapperProxy的构造方法如下:

  public MapperProxy(SqlSession sqlSession, Class<T> mapperInterface, Map<Method, MapperMethodInvoker> methodCache) {
    this.sqlSession = sqlSession;
    this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface;
    //方法缓存
    this.methodCache = methodCache;
  }

最开始的方法缓存是空的:

image-20221119151501346

MapperProxy实现了InvocationHandler,所以我们核心看invoke方法的实现:

public class MapperProxy<T> implements InvocationHandler, Serializable {
    
  // ....
  
  @Override
  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
    try {
       //如果是Object中的方法直接执行,例如toString、equals、wait...
      if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
        return method.invoke(this, args);
      } else {
         //核心代码,对dao接口中的方法做了封装,然后再invoke
        return cachedInvoker(method).invoke(proxy, method, args, sqlSession);
      }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
      throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
    }
  }
    // ....
}

这里通过debug来看一下cachedInvoker(method)的作用:

  private MapperMethodInvoker cachedInvoker(Method method) throws Throwable {
    try {
        //computeIfAbsent() 方法对 hashMap 中指定 key 的值进行重新计算,如果不存在这个 key,则添加到 hashMap 中。
      return MapUtil.computeIfAbsent(methodCache, method, m -> {
        //判断是不是默认方法
        if (m.isDefault()) {
          try {
            if (privateLookupInMethod == null) {
              return new DefaultMethodInvoker(getMethodHandleJava8(method));
            } else {
              return new DefaultMethodInvoker(getMethodHandleJava9(method));
            }
          } catch (IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException | InvocationTargetException
              | NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
          }
        } else {
          //不是默认方法
          return new PlainMethodInvoker(new MapperMethod(mapperInterface, method, sqlSession.getConfiguration()));
        }
      });
    } catch (RuntimeException re) {
      Throwable cause = re.getCause();
      throw cause == null ? re : cause;
    }
  }

debug发现执行完这个方法,methodCache中有了我们正在调用的userDao中的方法:

image-20221119152920893

那么这个mapperMethod又是什么呢?

MapperMethod
public class MapperMethod {

  private final SqlCommand command;
  private final MethodSignature method;

  public MapperMethod(Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method, Configuration config) {
    this.command = new SqlCommand(config, mapperInterface, method);
    this.method = new MethodSignature(config, mapperInterface, method);
  }
}

image-20221119153853184

实际上MapperMethod就是封装了两个非常核心的成员变量:

  • SqlCommand :sql命令

        private final String name; //标签id(namespace.id)
        private final SqlCommandType type;   //Sql命令类型:这条sql是查询还是插入?
    
    public SqlCommand(Configuration configuration, Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method) {
          final String methodName = method.getName();
          final Class<?> declaringClass = method.getDeclaringClass();
          MappedStatement ms = resolveMappedStatement(mapperInterface, methodName, declaringClass,
              configuration);
          if (ms == null) {
            if (method.getAnnotation(Flush.class) != null) {
              name = null;
              type = SqlCommandType.FLUSH;
            } else {
              throw new BindingException("Invalid bound statement (not found): "
                  + mapperInterface.getName() + "." + methodName);
            }
          } else {
            //核心代码
            name = ms.getId();
            type = ms.getSqlCommandType();
            if (type == SqlCommandType.UNKNOWN) {
              throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + name);
            }
          }
        }
    

    image-20221119154607485

  • MethodSignature 方法签名(返回值、分页、参数…)

    public static class MethodSignature {
    
        private final boolean returnsMany;
        private final boolean returnsMap;
        private final boolean returnsVoid;
        private final boolean returnsCursor;
        private final boolean returnsOptional;
        private final Class<?> returnType;
        private final String mapKey;
        private final Integer resultHandlerIndex;
        private final Integer rowBoundsIndex;
        private final ParamNameResolver paramNameResolver;
    
        public MethodSignature(Configuration configuration, Class<?> mapperInterface, Method method) {
          Type resolvedReturnType = TypeParameterResolver.resolveReturnType(method, mapperInterface);
          if (resolvedReturnType instanceof Class<?>) {
            this.returnType = (Class<?>) resolvedReturnType;
          } else if (resolvedReturnType instanceof ParameterizedType) {
            this.returnType = (Class<?>) ((ParameterizedType) resolvedReturnType).getRawType();
          } else {
            this.returnType = method.getReturnType();
          }
          this.returnsVoid = void.class.equals(this.returnType);
          this.returnsMany = configuration.getObjectFactory().isCollection(this.returnType) || this.returnType.isArray();
          this.returnsCursor = Cursor.class.equals(this.returnType);
          this.returnsOptional = Optional.class.equals(this.returnType);
          this.mapKey = getMapKey(method);
          this.returnsMap = this.mapKey != null;
          this.rowBoundsIndex = getUniqueParamIndex(method, RowBounds.class);
          this.resultHandlerIndex = getUniqueParamIndex(method, ResultHandler.class);
          //@param 中的参数名是如何解析的,在这一步
          this.paramNameResolver = new ParamNameResolver(configuration, method);
        }
    

    image-20221119155325082

ParamNameResolver方法:处理@Param

public ParamNameResolver(Configuration config, Method method) {
    this.useActualParamName = config.isUseActualParamName();
    final Class<?>[] paramTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
    final Annotation[][] paramAnnotations = method.getParameterAnnotations();
    final SortedMap<Integer, String> map = new TreeMap<>();
    int paramCount = paramAnnotations.length;
    // get names from @Param annotations
    for (int paramIndex = 0; paramIndex < paramCount; paramIndex++) {
      if (isSpecialParameter(paramTypes[paramIndex])) {
        // skip special parameters
        continue;
      }
      String name = null;
      for (Annotation annotation : paramAnnotations[paramIndex]) {
        if (annotation instanceof Param) {
          hasParamAnnotation = true;
          name = ((Param) annotation).value();
          break;
        }
      }
      if (name == null) {
        // @Param was not specified.
        if (useActualParamName) {
          name = getActualParamName(method, paramIndex);
        }
        if (name == null) {
          // use the parameter index as the name ("0", "1", ...)
          // gcode issue #71
          name = String.valueOf(map.size());
        }
      }
      map.put(paramIndex, name);
    }
    names = Collections.unmodifiableSortedMap(map);
  }

分析到这里,我们已经将mapper.xml中的各种参数返回值都封装到了MapperMethod中,下面也就该找真正执行sqlSession的地方:

invoke

在MapperProxy类中,真正执行SqlSession相关操作的代码在mapperMethod.execute

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args, SqlSession sqlSession) throws Throwable {
      return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
    }

image-20221119160631450

进入到execute方法中:这里就是我们熟悉的sqlSession方法:

public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) {
    Object result;
    switch (command.getType()) {
      case INSERT: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case UPDATE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case DELETE: {
        Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
        result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param));
        break;
      }
      case SELECT:
        if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) {
          executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args);
          result = null;
        } else if (method.returnsMany()) {
          result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsMap()) {
          result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args);
        } else if (method.returnsCursor()) {
          result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args);
        } else {
          Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args);
          result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param);
          if (method.returnsOptional()
              && (result == null || !method.getReturnType().equals(result.getClass()))) {
            result = Optional.ofNullable(result);
          }
        }
        break;
      case FLUSH:
        result = sqlSession.flushStatements();
        break;
      default:
        throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName());
    }
    if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) {
      throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName()
          + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ").");
    }
    return result;
  }

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