机器学习入门笔记一（Machine Learning）

笔记主要知识点来源于Coursera上Andrew的Machine Learning公开课

1.Definition of Machine Learning

Tom Mitchell Well-posted Learning Problem:A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P,if its performance on T,as measured by P,improves with experience E.

Example: playing checkers.
E = the experience of playing many games of checkers

T = the task of playing checkers.

P = the probability that the program will win the next game.

2.Classify of Machine Learning

Machine Learing algorithms:
-Supervised learning 
-Unsupervised learning
Others:Reinforcement learning & recommender systems

3.Supervised Learning
In supervised learning, we are given a data set and already know what our correct output should look like, having the idea that there is a relationship between the input and the output.
Supervised learning problems are categorized into "regression" and "classification" problems. In a regression problem, we are trying to predict results within a continuous output. For example, given data about the size of houses on the real estate market, try to predict their price. In a classification problem, we are instead trying to predict results in a discrete output. Given a patient with a tumor, we have to predict whether the tumor is malignant or benign. This is a classfication problem.