Java与Android组播收发程序实例

Java 组播收发程序实例

package def;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class Multicast {

    public static final int LOCAL_HOST_PORT = 1900;
    public static final int DESTINATION_PORT = 1900;

    public static final int DATA_LEN = 64 * 1024;
    public static final String GROUP_ADDRESS = "239.255.255.250";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 组播接收
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    receive();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();

        // 组播发送
        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    send();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    private static void receive() throws Exception {
        InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName(GROUP_ADDRESS);// 多播组
        MulticastSocket multicastSocket = new MulticastSocket(LOCAL_HOST_PORT);// 新建一个socket，绑定接收端口1900
        multicastSocket.joinGroup(inetAddress);// 加入多播组
        while (true) {
            byte[] inBuff = new byte[DATA_LEN];
            DatagramPacket inPacket = new DatagramPacket(inBuff, inBuff.length);// 构造接收数据报，包含要接收的数据、长度
            inPacket.setData(inBuff);
            multicastSocket.receive(inPacket);// 接收数据报
            System.out.println("onReceive: address = [" + inPacket.getAddress().toString() + "], port = ["
                    + inPacket.getPort() + "], data = ["
                    + new String(inPacket.getData(), inPacket.getOffset(), inPacket.getLength()) + "]");
        }
    }

    private static void send() throws Exception {
        int i = 0;
        InetAddress group = InetAddress.getByName(GROUP_ADDRESS);
        MulticastSocket multicastSocket = new MulticastSocket();
        while (true) {
            byte[] bytes = String.valueOf(++i).getBytes();
            DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, group, DESTINATION_PORT);// 发送数据报，指定目标端口和目标地址
            multicastSocket.send(datagramPacket);
            Thread.sleep(300);
        }
    }
}

如果是android程序，那么还需要加上以下部分：

（1）权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

（2）申请权限

   protected void setWiFiMulticastLock(boolean enable) {
        if (multicastLock == null) {
            multicastLock = wifiManager.createMulticastLock(getClass().getSimpleName());
        }

        if (enable) {
            if (multicastLock.isHeld()) {
                logger.w("WiFi multicast lock already acquired");
            } else {
                logger.i("WiFi multicast lock acquired");
                multicastLock.acquire();
            }
        } else {
            if (multicastLock.isHeld()) {
                logger.i("WiFi multicast lock released");
                multicastLock.release();
            } else {
                logger.w("WiFi multicast lock already released");
            }
        }
    }

    protected void setWifiLock(boolean enable) {
        if (wifiLock == null) {
            wifiLock = wifiManager.createWifiLock(WifiManager.WIFI_MODE_FULL_HIGH_PERF, getClass().getSimpleName());
        }
        if (enable) {
            if (wifiLock.isHeld()) {
                logger.w("WiFi lock already acquired");
            } else {
                logger.i("WiFi lock acquired");
                wifiLock.acquire();
            }
        } else {
            if (wifiLock.isHeld()) {
                logger.i("WiFi lock released");
                wifiLock.release();
            } else {
                logger.w("WiFi lock already released");
            }
        }
    }

android手机上对组播的功能支持并不完美，很多手机在某些路由器下，无法接收到组播。

如上同样的程序，相同的手机，在网络切换后收不到组播。经tcpdump抓包数据查看，也没有ip.dst==239.255.255.250 upd数据包。