开发语言、环境
- node.js
- win7
在学习WebSocket的时候,发现node.js的socket.io模块对WebSocket进行了封装更加方便开发者使用,便开始学习socket.io并以在线聊天室作为学习项目。
node.js
node.js是一个JavaScript运行环境,简单的说就是运行在服务端的node.js
- 基础教程推荐Node.js菜鸟教程
- 安装包推荐4.6.0LTSNode.js官网
- 本项目代码主要参考socket.io官网的例子
- 界面则采用CSS框架bootstrap
node.js是通过事件和回调来支持并发的,所以很好的理解它的事件机制有助于接下来的编程。
业务逻辑
- 用户需登录后才能发生消息,如未登陆则弹出登陆框
- 用户发送消息,服务端接收后转发给所有用户
- 当有用户离线,服务端群发询问还有谁在线,并更新用户列表
项目目录结构
chat
--node_modules
--static
--views
app.js
- node_modules主要是存放node.js的各种模块
- static用来存放一些静态资源,这里放的是bootstrap
- views用来存放页面,本项目放的是chat.html
- app.js则是服务端,监听各种事件并处理
express模块
express是一个基于Node.js平台的极简、灵活的 web 应用开发框架,它提供一系列强大的特性,帮助你创建各种 Web 和移动设备应用。
- 本聊天室的应用
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var http = require('http').Server(app);
var io = require('socket.io')(http);
var userList = new Array();
app.use("/static",express.static(__dirname + '/static'));
app.get('/', function(req, res){
res.sendFile(__dirname + '/views/chat.html');
});
代码
代码主要在chat.html和app.js两个文件
app.js
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var http = require('http').Server(app);
var io = require('socket.io')(http);
var userList = new Array();
app.use("/static",express.static(__dirname + '/static'));
app.get('/', function(req, res){
res.sendFile(__dirname + '/views/chat.html');
});
io.on('connection', function(socket){
//绑定用户登录事件
socket.on('userLogin', function(userName){
userList.push(userName);
io.emit('userLoginList', userList);
});
//绑定用户发送消息事件
socket.on('chat message', function(userName, msg){
//
io.emit('chat message', userName, msg);
});
//绑定断开连接事件
socket.on('disconnect',function(){
console.log('disconnect');
//有人断开连接,询问还有谁在线,更新用户列表
userList = new Array();
io.emit('who_online');
});
});
http.listen(8765, function(){
console.log('listening on *:8765');
});
chat.html
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>聊天室</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">
<style></style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>聊天室 <small>——畅所欲言</small></h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-3 panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-body" id="userListDiv" style="overflow-y:auto;height:350px;">
<table class="table table-striped" id="userList">
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-9 panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-body" id="messagesDiv" style="overflow-y:auto;height:350px;">
<table class="table table-striped" id="messages">
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="" class="form">
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-xs-offset-3 col-xs-7">
<input id="m" class="form-control" autocomplete="off" />
</div>
<div class="col-xs-1">
<button class="btn btn-default">Send</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div id="myModal" class="modal fade bs-example-modal-sm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mySmallModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button>
<h4 class="modal-title">登录</h4>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<form class="form" role="form">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputUserName" placeholder="用户名">
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">取消</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="login">确定</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script>
<script src="/static/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="/static/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script>
var userName = '';
var userList = new Array();
$(function(){
$('#myModal').modal('show');
});
//用户登录
$('#login').click(function(){
userName = $('#inputUserName').val();
if(!userName) return false;
socket.emit('userLogin', userName);
$('#myModal').modal('hide');
});
var socket = io();
//用户发送消息
$('form').submit(function(){
if(!userName) {
$('#myModal').modal('show');
return false;
}
socket.emit('chat message', userName, $('#m').val());
$('#m').val('');
return false;
});
//绑定用户登录列表事件
socket.on('userLoginList', function(userList){
$('#userList').empty();
for (i=0, len=userList.length; i<len; i++){
$('#userList').append($('<tr>').append($('<td>').text(userList[i])));
}
document.getElementById('userListDiv').scrollTop=document.getElementById('userListDiv').scrollHeight;
});
//绑定用户发送信息事件
socket.on('chat message', function(userName,msg){
$('#messages').append($('<tr>').append($('<td>').html(showMessage(userName,msg))));
document.getElementById('messagesDiv').scrollTop=document.getElementById('messagesDiv').scrollHeight;
});
//绑定用户在线事件
socket.on('who_online', function(){
socket.emit('userLogin', userName);
});
function showMessage(userName,msg){
var content = '<span class="label label-info">'+ currentTime() +'</span>'+
'<span class="label label-primary">'+ userName +'</span><br>' +
'<strong>'+ msg +'</strong>';
return content;
}
function currentTime(){
var date = new Date();
var year = date.getFullYear();
var month = date.getMonth()+1;
var d = date.getDate();
var h = date.getHours();
var m = date.getMinutes();
var s = date.getSeconds();
month = month>9?month:('0'+month);
d = d>9?d:('0'+d);
h = h>9?h:('0'+h);
m = m>9?m:('0'+m);
s = s>9?s:('0'+s);
var time = ''+year+'-'+month+'-'+d+' '+h+':'+m+':'+s;
return time;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>