Mac 安装 Python 多版本

Mac 的安装方式和两个版本共存的出现的问题：

Python 安装包下载地址：https://www.python.org/downloads/

如果要Python 2x 和 Python 3x 同时拥有的话，我是这样做的：

1. 分别安装两个安装包。

2. 安装完成之后配置环境使得能在终端切换Python版本：

2.1 打开终端（terminal），输入：sudo vi ~/.bashrc；

2.2 在弹出的编辑页面顶部输入并保存：

alias python2='/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.x/bin/python2.x'
alias python3='/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.x/bin/python3.x'

我机子上有Python2.7和Python3.6版本，上面的x请根据情况自行替换。

2.3 重启终端（terminal）或者输入：source ~/.bashrc

2.4 验证，在终端（terminal）中输入python2即代表是Python2.x版本，输入python3即代表是Python3.x版本。 

3. 完成上面的步骤后，应该来说没问题了。接下来就是通过pip 安装 第三方模块。

在这里我说一下我遇到的情况，我是先安装Python 3.6.3, 再安装Python 2.7.14， 在pip3 install xx 是通过的，在在pip2 install xx 就报错了：

$ pip2 install requests
Collecting requests
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/requests/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: [SSL: TLSV1_ALERT_PROTOCOL_VERSION] tlsv1 alert protocol version (_ssl.c:661) - skipping
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement requests (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for requests
You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 10.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

我按照提示更新pip install --upgrade pip,咦~没用：

$ pip install --upgrade pip
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: [SSL: TLSV1_ALERT_PROTOCOL_VERSION] tlsv1 alert protocol version (_ssl.c:661) - skipping
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages
You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 10.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

后面想想，我pip 都无效，应该选择有效的pip3 进行更新：

$ pip3 install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0f/74/ecd13431bcc456ed390b44c8a6e917c1820365cbebcb6a8974d1cd045ab4/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 623kB/s 
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 9.0.3
    Uninstalling pip-9.0.3:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-9.0.3
Successfully installed pip-10.0.1
cfzxdeiMac:~ cfzx$ pip2 install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0f/74/ecd13431bcc456ed390b44c8a6e917c1820365cbebcb6a8974d1cd045ab4/pip-10.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 9.0.1
    Uninstalling pip-9.0.1:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-9.0.1
Successfully installed pip-10.0.1

成功之后我再试试看：

$ pip2 install requests
Collecting requests
……
Successfully installed certifi-2018.4.16 chardet-3.0.4 idna-2.6 requests-2.18.4 urllib3-1.22

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文章摘录【http://www.cnblogs.com/Neo-Wang/p/7028582.html】