学习博客：【SpringMVC】JSON交互

JSON

• JSON(JavaScript Object Notation, JS 对象标记) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式，目前使用特别广泛
• 采用完全独立于编程语言的文本格式来存储和表示数据
• 简洁和清晰的层次结构使得 JSON 成为理想的数据交换语言
• 易于人阅读和编写，同时也易于机器解析和生成，并有效地提升网络传输效率

JSON 键值对是用来保存 JavaScript 对象的一种方式

{"name": "yl"}
{"age": "11"}
{"city": "南京"}

var obj = {a: 'yl', b: 'nj'}; //对象
var json = '{"a": "yl", "b": "njorld"}'; //JSON 字符串

Jackson

javascript与json的相互转换

<script type="text/javascript">
    var user = {
        name:"好海",
        age:19,
        city:"北京"
    };

    //将js对象转换为json对象
    var json = JSON.stringify(user)
    console.log(json);
    
    //将json解析为js对象
    var js = JSON.parse(json)
    console.log(js);

</script>

解决JSON乱码

导入jackson依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>

1.配置编码

   //produces:指定响应体返回类型和编码
   @RequestMapping(value = "/json1",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")

2.在springmvc-servlet.xml中配置

<mvc:annotation-driven>
   <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
       <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
           <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
       </bean>
       <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
           <property name="objectMapper">
               <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                   <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
               </bean>
           </property>
       </bean>
   </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.yl.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class UserController {

    //produces:指定响应体返回类型和编码
    @RequestMapping(value = "/json1")
    @ResponseBody   //不进入视图解析器，直接返回一个字符串
    public String json1() throws JsonProcessingException {
        //创建一个jackson的对象映射器，用来解析数据
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        //创建一个对象
        User user = new User("延边", 3, "男");
        //将我们的对象解析成为json格式
        String str = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        //由于@ResponseBody注解，这里会将str转成json格式返回；十分方便
        return str;
    }

}

添加工具类

package com.yl.utils;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class JsonUtils {

    public static String getJson(Object object){
        return getJson(object,"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    }

    public static String getJson(Object object,String dateFormat){
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        //不使用时间戳
        mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS, false);

        //自定义日期格式
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
        mapper.setDateFormat(sdf);

        try {
            return mapper.writeValueAsString(object);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import com.yl.pojo.User;
import com.yl.utils.JsonUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;


//@Controller   //进入视图解析器
@RestController     //直接返回字符串
public class UserController {

    //produces:指定响应体返回类型和编码
    @RequestMapping(value = "/json1")
    //@ResponseBody   //不进入视图解析器，直接返回一个字符串(配合Controller使用)
    public String json1() throws JsonProcessingException {
        //创建一个jackson的对象映射器，用来解析数据
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        //创建一个对象
        User user = new User("延边", 3, "男");
        //将我们的对象解析成为json格式
        String str = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        //由于@ResponseBody注解，这里会将str转成json格式返回；十分方便
        return str;
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = "/json2")
    public String json2() throws JsonProcessingException {
        //创建一个jackson的对象映射器，用来解析数据
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
        //创建一个对象
        User user = new User("延边", 3, "男");
        User user2 = new User("延边2", 13, "男");

        userList.add(user);
        userList.add(user2);

        return JsonUtils.getJson(userList);
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = son3")
    public String json3() throws JsonProcessingException {
        Date date = new Date();
        return JsonUtils.getJson(date, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    }

}