来自https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/0SzLGqv2p0-IWSN3r8bOHA
'''
Python爬虫之五:抓取智联招聘基础版
该文件运行后会产生一个代码,保存在这个Python文件所在的文件夹。
https://sou.zhaopin.com/jobs/searchresult.ashx?jl=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&kw=python%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88&sm=0&isfilter=1&p=1&re=2005
searchresult.ashx?jl=北京&kw=python工程师&sm=0&isfilter=1&p=1&re=2005
url = 'https://sou.zhaopin.com/jobs/searchresult.ashx?' + urlencode(paras)
#构造请求地址
paras = {
'j1' : '北京' #搜索城市
'kw' : 'Python工程师' #搜索岗位
'isadv' : '0' #是否打开更详细搜索
'isfilter' : '1' #是否对结果过滤
'p' : '1' #显示页数
're' : '2005' #显示地区代码
}
url = 'https://sou.zhaopin.com/jobs/searchresult.ashx?' + urlencode(paras)
#请求头
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36'.
'Host': 'sou.zhaopin.com',
'Referer': 'https://www.zhaopin.com/',
'Accept': 'text/html, application/xhtml + xml, application/xml; q = 0.9, image/webp, image/apng, */*; q = 0.8',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN, zh; q= 0.9'
}
# 正则表达式进行解析
pattern = re.compile('<a style=.*? target = "_blank">(.*?)</a>.*?'
'<td class = "gsmc"><a href= "(.*?)" target = "_blank">(.*?)</a>.*?'
'<td class = "zwyx">(.*/)</td>', re.S)
# 匹配所有符合条件的内容
items = re.findall(pattern, html)
#解析后剔除job两侧的标签:<b>job</b>
for item in items:
job_name = items[0].replace('<b>', '').replace('</b>', '')
yield {
'job' : job_name,
'website' : item[1],
'company' : item[2],
'salary' : item[3]
}
########写入CSV文件
import csv
def write_csv_headers(path, headers):
#写入表头
with open(path, 'a', encoding = 'gb18030', newline = '') as f:
f_csv = csv.DictWriter(f, headers).writeheader()
def write_csv_rows(path, headers, rows):
###写入行
with open(path, 'a', encoding = 'gb18030', newline = '') as f:
f_csv = csv.DictWriter(f, headers).writerows(rows)
#使用tqdm进行进度显示
from tqdm import tqdm
from time import sleep
for i iin tqdm(range(1000)):
sleep(0.01)
'''
#################完整代码##################################
import re #正则表达式库
import csv #CSV格式库
import requests #网页解析
from tqdm import tqdm #进度条显示
from urllib.parse import urlencode #Python 3 的 urllib 模块是一堆可以处理 URL 的组件集合
from requests.exceptions import RequestException #方法 urlencode 可以向 URL 传输数据
def get_one_page(city, keyword, region, page):
'''
获取网页html内容并返回
'''
paras = {
'jl': city, # 搜索城市
'kw': keyword, # 搜索关键词
'isadv': 0, # 是否打开更详细搜索选项
'isfilter': 1, # 是否对结果过滤
'p': page, # 页数
're': region # region的缩写,地区,2005代表海淀
}
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36',
'Host': 'sou.zhaopin.com',
'Referer': 'https://www.zhaopin.com/',
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9'
}
url = 'https://sou.zhaopin.com/jobs/searchresult.ashx?' + urlencode(paras)
try:
# 获取网页内容,返回html数据
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
# 通过状态码判断是否获取成功
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestException as e:
return None
def parse_one_page(html):
'''
解析HTML代码,提取有用信息并返回
'''
# 正则表达式进行解析
pattern = re.compile('<a style=.*? target="_blank">(.*?)</a>.*?' # 匹配职位信息
'<td class="gsmc"><a href="(.*?)" target="_blank">(.*?)</a>.*?' # 匹配公司网址和公司名称
'<td class="zwyx">(.*?)</td>', re.S) # 匹配月薪
# 匹配所有符合条件的内容
items = re.findall(pattern, html)
for item in items:
job_name = item[0]
job_name = job_name.replace('<b>', '')
job_name = job_name.replace('</b>', '')
yield {
'job': job_name,
'website': item[1],
'company': item[2],
'salary': item[3]
}
def write_csv_file(path, headers, rows):
'''
将表头和行写入csv文件
'''
# 加入encoding防止中文写入报错
# newline参数防止每写入一行都多一个空行
with open(path, 'a', encoding='gb18030', newline='') as f:
f_csv = csv.DictWriter(f, headers)
f_csv.writeheader()
f_csv.writerows(rows)
def write_csv_headers(path, headers):
'''
写入表头
'''
with open(path, 'a', encoding='gb18030', newline='') as f:
f_csv = csv.DictWriter(f, headers)
f_csv.writeheader()
def write_csv_rows(path, headers, rows):
'''
写入行
'''
with open(path, 'a', encoding='gb18030', newline='') as f:
f_csv = csv.DictWriter(f, headers)
f_csv.writerows(rows)
def main(city, keyword, region, pages):
'''
主函数
'''
filename = 'zl_' + city + '_' + keyword + '.csv'
headers = ['job', 'website', 'company', 'salary']
write_csv_headers(filename, headers)
for i in tqdm(range(pages)):
'''
获取该页中所有职位信息,写入csv文件
'''
jobs = []
html = get_one_page(city, keyword, region, i)
items = parse_one_page(html)
for item in items:
jobs.append(item)
write_csv_rows(filename, headers, jobs)
#只可以被独立执行,不可以被其他文件引用
if __name__ == '__main__':
main('北京', 'python工程师', 2005, 10)