Linux下手动挂载新增磁盘

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-02 22:59:31 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-02 22:59:31 发布

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分类专栏：后端技术文章标签： linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Baronstar/article/details/123702119

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7 篇文章 1 订阅

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1、查看磁盘：

[root@zhouqixiang ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 88.0 GB, 87960846336 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10693 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00057c82
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1        1306    10485760   83  Linux
/dev/sda2            1306        2611    10484736   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3            2611        6683    32709677+  83  Linux
/dev/sda4            6684       10693    32210325   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x4d3ea151
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Disk /dev/mapper/disknew-lv01: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

如上，/dev/sdb就是新加的磁盘。

2、格式化磁盘(设置磁盘类型)

按tab补全键，可以看到有如下几种格式化命令

[root@zhouqixiang ~]# mkfs.ext
mkfs.ext2     mkfs.ext3     mkfs.ext4     mkfs.ext4dev  
[root@zhouqixiang ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdb is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Discarding device blocks: done                            
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

格式化完成。

3、挂载磁盘（/dev/sdb为新增磁盘，挂载到/home/sdb,在最后一行）

a、直接通过磁盘编号，编辑/etc/fstab，添加如下红色一行,修改此配置后，重启服务器会自动挂载

[root@zhouqixiang ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Mar 13 10:11:00 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=1875994b-151d-407b-97f2-035f2f52e386 /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=25b811f2-37fa-4a87-bd1b-64e1e6de6c91 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
/dev/disknew/lv01       /opt/lv01               ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/sdb                /home/sdb               ext4    defaults        0 0

b、通过UUID挂载，查看磁盘UUID（见最后一行代码）：

[root@zhouqixiang ~]# blkid /dev/sdb
/dev/sdb: UUID="92242649-791e-412a-a5c4-5c3cb4b13f76" TYPE="ext4" 
编辑/etc/fstab，添加如下红色一行
[root@zhouqixiang ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Mar 13 10:11:00 2014
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
UUID=1875994b-151d-407b-97f2-035f2f52e386 /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=25b811f2-37fa-4a87-bd1b-64e1e6de6c91 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
/dev/disknew/lv01       /opt/lv01               ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=92242649-791e-412a-a5c4-5c3cb4b13f76  /home/sdb   ext4    defaults    0 0

创建磁盘挂载目录（如果有就不用创建，如果挂载到现有目录记得对现有目录做个备份，后面还原）：

[root@zhouqixiang ~]# mkdir /home/sdb

4、重新读取/etc/fstab，挂载所有写入到配置文件里的磁盘：

mount参数说明:

mount ：查看分区格式

-a 挂载信息立即生效

-t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /opt 临时挂载linux分区

-t vfat /dev/sdc1 //media/usb u盘挂载 window分区

-o loop docs.iso /media/iso 挂载镜像文件

执行

mount -a 或 mount /dev/sdb /home/sdb

如果要卸载挂载执行：

umount /home/sdb

5、查看当前所有文件系统可用空间和使用情况（已经挂载成功）：

[root@zhouqixiang ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1             9.9G  3.0G  6.4G  32% /
tmpfs                 1.9G  260K  1.9G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/disknew-lv01
                      60G  180M   56G   1% /opt/lv01
/dev/sr0              4.0G  4.0G     0 100% /media/CentOS_6.3_Final
/dev/sdb              9.9G  151M  9.2G   2% /home/sdb

6、如果挂载的现有目录，将备份的文件还原到新挂载的目录

原文地址：Linux下手动挂载新增磁盘 - 悠涵博客 | 路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索mount ：查看分区格式 -a 挂载信息立即生效 -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /opt 临时挂载linux分区 -t vfat /dev/sdc1 //media/usb u盘挂载 window分区 -o loop docs.iso /media/iso 挂载镜像文件http://www.uhantech.cn/blog/article/38