一、定义
元数据:数据库,表,列的定义信息。
Connection.getMetaData()
1.DataBaseMetaData对象:数据库元数据
相关方法:
a. getURL()
b. getUserName()
c. getDriverName()
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement ps = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
ComboPooledDataSource source = new ComboPooledDataSource();
try{
conn = source.getConnection();
//--获取当前数据库的元数据
DatabaseMetaData metaData = conn.getMetaData();
//----获取数据库连接时使用的URL
String url = metaData.getURL();
System.out.println(url);
//----获取数据库的用户名
String username = metaData.getUserName();
System.out.println(username);
//----获取驱动的名称
String driverName = metaData.getDriverName();
System.out.println(driverName);
//----获取数据库中指定表的主键信息
rs = metaData.getPrimaryKeys(null, null, "account");
while(rs.next()){
short cseq = rs.getShort("KEY_SEQ");
String cname = rs.getString("COLUMN_NAME");
System.out.println(cseq+":"+cname);
}
//----获取表
rs = metaData.getTables(null, null, "%", new String[]{"TABLE"});
while(rs.next()){
String tabName = rs.getString("TABLE_NAME");
System.out.println(tabName);
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
DbUtils.closeQuietly(conn, ps, rs);
}
2.ParameterMetaData 参数元数据
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>conn = source.getConnection();
ps = conn.prepareStatement("select * from account where name=? and money=?");
//--获取参数元数据
ParameterMetaData metaData = ps.getParameterMetaData();
//----参数的个数
int count = metaData.getParameterCount();
System.out.println(count);
3.ResultSetMetaData 结果集元数据
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>conn = source.getConnection();
ps = conn.prepareStatement("select * from account");
rs = ps.executeQuery();
//--获取结果集元数据
ResultSetMetaData metaData = rs.getMetaData();
//----获取结果集中的列数
int cc = metaData.getColumnCount();
System.out.println(cc);
//----获取结果集中指定列的名称
String cn = metaData.getColumnName(2);
System.out.println(cn);
//----获取结果集中指定列的类型的名称
String ct = metaData.getColumnTypeName(3);
System.out.println(ct);
4.结果集Demo
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement ps = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
ComboPooledDataSource source = new ComboPooledDataSource();
try{
conn = source.getConnection();
ps = conn.prepareStatement("select * from account");
rs = ps.executeQuery();
//--获取结果集元数据
ResultSetMetaData metaData = rs.getMetaData();
//----获取结果集中的列数
int cc = metaData.getColumnCount();
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------");
for(int i = 1;i<=cc;i++){
String column_name = metaData.getColumnName(i);
String column_type = metaData.getColumnTypeName(i);
System.out.print(column_name+":"+column_type+"\t\t");
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------");
while(rs.next()){
for(int i =1 ;i<=cc;i++){
Object obj = rs.getObject(i);
System.out.print(obj+"\t\t\t");
}
System.out.println();
}
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------");
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
DbUtils.closeQuietly(conn, ps, rs);
}