mybatis入门(超级详细，看这一篇就可以了)

mybatis架构

1. 导包
2. 写 mybatis-config.xml 配置
3. 编写工具类
4. 编写实体类
5. 写mapper接口
6. 写mapper.xml
7. 测试

• 导包

	    <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
        </dependency>

• 写 mybatis-config.xml 配置

这个xml配置直接从官方文档里面拷贝。mybatis官网。入门里面就有

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED"><!-- 下面就是连接数据库了-->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--每一个mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册！-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="fang/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
        <!-- 这里需要指定你自己的UserMapper.xml路径，这里还没写,这么放会有一个maven资源导出问题。末尾有贴解决方法。
        也可以放在resources目录里面-->
    </mappers>

</configuration>

• 编写工具类

mybatis-config.xml写完需要有个工具类去读取配置。写一个工具类，里面主要的就是这三行代码。这个工具类是方便我们每次使用的时候直接调用

String resource = "org/mybatis/example/mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * MyBatis工具类
 * @author Bernie_xin
 * @create 2020/7/31 20:25
 **/
public class MybatisUtils {

    private static String resource = null;
    private static InputStream inputStream = null;
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;

    static{
        try {
            resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }

}

• 编写实体类

实体类需要跟数据库的实体类字段对应，这个就不展示了。但是记得遵守JavaBean的写法，有get/set，全参、无参以及toString

• 写mapper接口

mapper接口把全部需要的方法都定义上去。如

public interface UserMapper {

    User queryUserById(int id);

    List<User> selectUser();

    int add(User user);

    int update(User user);

    int delete(int id);

    List<User> queryUserByName(String name);//这个实现模糊查询

}

• 写mapper.xml

mapper.xml就和我们以前写的dao的实现类一个作用，但是用mapper.xml会更方便，SQL的定制化程度会更高！

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="fang.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="queryUserById" resultType="fang.pojo.User">
        select * from users where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <select id="queryUserByName" resultType="fang.pojo.User" parameterType="String">
        select * from users where name like "%"#{name}"%"
    </select>

    <select id="selectUser" resultType="fang.pojo.User">
        select * from users
    </select>
    
    <insert id="add" parameterType="fang.pojo.User">
        insert into users (id, name , password) values (#{id}, #{name}, #{password})
    </insert>

    <update id="update" parameterType="fang.pojo.User">
        update users set name=#{name}, password=#{password} where id=#{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
        delete from users where id=#{id}
    </delete>

</mapper>

mapper.xml需要注意的是：
1、 namespace要绑定你的mapper接口的路径，否则会报错。
2、 标签要对应sql，查询对应select标签，修改对应update…
3、 id对应mapper接口的方法名字
4、 parameterType是参数类型，如果是类，要写全路径，否则报找不到错
5、 resultType是返回结果类型，如果是类，也要写全路径
6、 sql的限定条件如上所述加载
7、模糊查询为防止sql注入，可如第二句一样，把sql写死，既条件前后加通配符

• 测试

测试相对容易，使用我们导入的junit进行测试

建议在maven的test里面建与源代码一样路径的类，在类名加test，方法名字对应相应的方法，如我自己的习惯：

 @Test
    public void testSelectUser(){//这是测试selectUser
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        List<User> users = mapper.selectUser();
        for (User user:users){
            System.out.println(user.toString());
        }

        sqlSession.close();
    }

测试方法里面，第一二句和最后一句都是固定写法。中间是查询打印，如果能在控制台打印出你数据库的东西，那测试就成功了！

最后呢，就上面提到的一个错误。报错Could not find resource fang/mapper/UserMapper.xml，明明你已经写了，路径也没错，但就是没有。报错信息如下。

java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
	at fang.mapper.UserMapperTest.test(UserMapperTest.java:18)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:59)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:56)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.evaluate(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:100)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:366)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:103)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:63)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException: 
### Error building SqlSession.
### The error may exist in fang/mapper/UserMapper.xml
### Cause: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource fang/mapper/UserMapper.xml
	at org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.wrapException(ExceptionFactory.java:30)
	at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:80)
	at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:64)
	at fang.utils.MybatisUtils.<clinit>(MybatisUtils.java:26)
	... 26 more
Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource fang/mapper/UserMapper.xml
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.parseConfiguration(XMLConfigBuilder.java:122)
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.parse(XMLConfigBuilder.java:99)
	at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:78)
	... 28 more
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource fang/mapper/UserMapper.xml
	at org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources.getResourceAsStream(Resources.java:114)
	at org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources.getResourceAsStream(Resources.java:100)
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.mapperElement(XMLConfigBuilder.java:374)
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.parseConfiguration(XMLConfigBuilder.java:120)
	... 30 more

这个其实是maven的过滤问题，不是在resources下的配置，导出默认是关闭的，我们需要手动开启。
在pom.xml插入如下代码。

    <!--在Build里面配置resource，防止导入资源失败-->
    <!--<build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>-->

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