项目十:行程和用户(难度:困难)
Trips 表中存所有出租车的行程信息。每段行程有唯一键 Id,Client_Id 和 Driver_Id 是 Users 表中 Users_Id 的外键。Status 是枚举类型,枚举成员为 (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’, ‘cancelled_by_client’)。
Id | Client_Id | Driver_Id | City_Id | Status | Request_at |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed | 2013-10-01 |
2 | 2 | 11 | 1 | cancelled_by_driver | 2013-10-01 |
3 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed | 2013-10-01 |
4 | 4 | 13 | 6 | cancelled_by_client | 2013-10-01 |
5 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed | 2013-10-02 |
6 | 2 | 11 | 6 | completed | 2013-10-02 |
7 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed | 2013-10-02 |
8 | 2 | 12 | 12 | completed | 2013-10-03 |
9 | 3 | 10 | 12 | completed | 2013-10-03 |
10 | 4 | 13 | 12 | cancelled_by_driver | 2013-10-03 |
Users 表存所有用户。每个用户有唯一键 Users_Id。Banned 表示这个用户是否被禁止,Role 则是一个表示(‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’)的枚举类型。
Users_Id | Banned | Role |
---|---|---|
1 | No | client |
2 | Yes | client |
3 | No | client |
4 | No | client |
10 | No | driver |
11 | No | driver |
12 | No | driver |
13 | No | driver |
写一段 SQL 语句查出 2013年10月1日 至 2013年10月3日 期间非禁止用户的取消率。基于上表,你的 SQL 语句应返回如下结果,取消率(Cancellation Rate)保留两位小数。
Day | Cancellation Rate |
---|---|
2013-10-01 | 0.33 |
2013-10-02 | 0.00 |
2013-10-03 | 0.50 |
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Trips (
Id INT,
Client_Id INT,
Driver_Id INT,
City_Id INT,
Status ENUM('completed', 'cancelled_by_driver', 'cancelled_by_client'),
Request_at VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Users (
Users_Id INT,
Banned VARCHAR(50),
Role ENUM('client', 'driver', 'partner')
);
TRUNCATE TABLE Trips;
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('1', '1', '10', '1', 'completed', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('2', '2', '11', '1', 'cancelled_by_driver', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('3', '3', '12', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('4', '4', '13', '6', 'cancelled_by_client', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('5', '1', '10', '1', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('6', '2', '11', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('7', '3', '12', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('8', '2', '12', '12', 'completed', '2013-10-03');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('9', '3', '10', '12', 'completed', '2013-10-03');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('10', '4', '13', '12', 'cancelled_by_driver', '2013-10-03');
TRUNCATE TABLE Users;
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('1', 'No', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('2', 'Yes', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('3', 'No', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('4', 'No', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('10', 'No', 'driver');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('11', 'No', 'driver');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('12', 'No', 'driver');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('13', 'No', 'driver');
SELECT t.Request_at AS Day ,
-- select里面可以直接用聚合函数
ROUND(SUM(CASE
WHEN t.`Status`= 'completed'
THEN 0
ELSE 1
END) / COUNT(*),2) AS CancellationRate
FROM Trips t
-- 不管用哪个JOIN,结果都是正确的
JOIN users u
-- 表连接的约束用ON
ON t.Client_Id=u.Users_Id AND u.Banned='No'
-- 查询的约束用WHERE
WHERE t.Request_at BETWEEN '2013-10-01' AND '2013-10-03'
-- 列出经过上面各种条件筛选后每组的结果
GROUP BY t.Request_at;
项目十一:各部门前3高工资的员工(难度:中等)
将昨天employee表清空,重新插入以下数据(其实是多插入5,6两行):
Id | Name | Salary | DepartmentId |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Joe | 70000 | 1 |
2 | Henry | 80000 | 2 |
3 | Sam | 60000 | 2 |
4 | Max | 90000 | 1 |
5 | Janet | 69000 | 1 |
6 | Randy | 85000 | 1 |
---- | ------- | -------- | -------------- |
编写一个 SQL 查询,找出每个部门工资前三高的员工。例如,根据上述给定的表格,查询结果应返回:
Department | Employee | Salary |
---|---|---|
IT | Max | 90000 |
IT | Randy | 85000 |
IT | Joe | 70000 |
Sales | Henry | 80000 |
Sales | Sam | 60000 |
此外,请考虑实现各部门前N高工资的员工功能。
TRUNCATE TABLE Employee;
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(1,'Joe',70000,1);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(2,'Henry',80000,2);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(3,'Sam',60000,2);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(4,'Max',90000,1);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(5,'Janet',69000,1);
INSERT INTO Employee VALUES(6,'Randy',85000,1);
SELECT Department.Name AS Department,
e1.Name AS Employee,
e1.Salary AS Salary
FROM Employee e1
JOIN Department
ON e1.DepartmentId = Department.Id
WHERE 3 > (
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT e2.Salary)
FROM Employee e2
WHERE e2.Salary > e1.Salary AND e1.DepartmentId = e2.DepartmentId
)
ORDER BY Department.Name, e1.Salary DESC
项目十二 分数排名 - (难度:中等)
依然是昨天的分数表,实现排名功能,但是排名是非连续的,如下:
Score | Rank |
---|---|
4.00 | 1 |
4.00 | 1 |
3.85 | 3 |
3.65 | 4 |
3.65 | 4 |
3.50 | 6 |
SELECT FORMAT(s1.Score, 2),
(SELECT COUNT(Score) FROM score s2
WHERE s2.Score > s1.Score) + 1 Rank
FROM score s1
ORDER BY s1.Score DESC;