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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-23 20:17:39 发布

Bob drudgery

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-23 20:17:39 发布

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分类专栏： go web 文章标签： go

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Bobdragery/article/details/107467542

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开始一个gin框架的web项目

一、goland创建项目

1、创建项目

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-pl1kkHvI-1595235494094)(/Users/bobwang/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20200717111649445.png)]

2、开始时的文件目录

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-duqJdOrg-1595235494097)(/Users/bobwang/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20200717111940388.png)]

3、新建main.go文件

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-yG4QYQ57-1595235494099)(/Users/bobwang/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20200717112114397.png)]

二、安装gin框架

1.下载并安装 gin：

$ go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin

2.将 gin 引入到代码中：

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

3.（可选）如果使用诸如 http.StatusOK 之类的常量，则需要引入 net/http 包：

import "net/http"

三、hello demo

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type user struct {
	Name string `json:"name"`
	Age int
}
func sayHi(c *gin.Context)  {
	c.JSON(http.StatusOK,gin.H{
		"message":"hello gin",
	})
}
// json返回结构体
func sayBye(c *gin.Context)  {
	c.JSON(http.StatusOK,user{"bob",22})
}

func main() {

	r := gin.Default()
	r.GET("/hello",sayHi)
  r.GET("/bye",sayBye)

	err :=r.Run()
	if err !=nil{
		log.Fatal("gin run wrong")
	}
}

启动默认8080端口

四、日志的记录

1、官方的方式

func main() {
	// log
	gin.DisableConsoleColor()
	f, _ := os.Create("logs/gin.log")
	gin.DefaultWriter = io.MultiWriter(f,os.Stdout)

	r := gin.Default()
	r.GET("/hello",sayHi)
	r.GET("/bye",sayBye)
	

	err :=r.Run()
	if err !=nil{
		log.Fatal("gin run wrong")
	}
}

2、使用zap接收gin框架默认的日志并配置日志归档

// 安装 lumberjack，zap
go get -u github.com/natefinch/lumberjack
go get -u go.uber.org/zap

注册中间件的操作在`router.SetupRouter()`中：

package router

import (
	"fmt"
	"gin_demo/logger"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"time"
)

func SetupRouter() *gin.Engine {
	r := gin.New()
	// 使用zap日志库
	r.Use(logger.GinLogger(logger.Logger), logger.GinRecovery(logger.Logger, true))
	// 路由组
	mainGroup := r.Group("/api")

	{
		// Example ping request.
		mainGroup.GET("/hello", func(c *gin.Context) {
			c.String(200, "hello world !!! "+fmt.Sprint(time.Now().Format("2006-01-2 15:04:05")))
		})

		// Example when panic happen.
		mainGroup.GET("/panic", func(c *gin.Context) {
			panic("An unexpected error happen!")
		})
		mainGroup.GET("/hi", func(c *gin.Context) {
			c.String(200, "hi123")
		})
	}
	r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
		c.String(200, "pong")
	})
	return r
}

zap库的设置操作在`logger.go`

package logger

import (
	"gin_demo/config" // 配置文件
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"github.com/natefinch/lumberjack"
	"go.uber.org/zap"
	"go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httputil"
	"os"
	"runtime/debug"
	"strings"
	"time"
)


var Logger *zap.Logger

// InitLogger 初始化Logger
func InitLogger(cfg *config.LogConfig) (err error) {
	writeSyncer := getLogWriter(cfg.Filename, cfg.MaxSize, cfg.MaxBackups, cfg.MaxAge)
	encoder := getEncoder()
	// for human operators.
	var l = new(zapcore.Level)
	err = l.UnmarshalText([]byte(cfg.Level))
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	// 打印到控制台和日志文件
	core := zapcore.NewCore(encoder,
		zapcore.NewMultiWriteSyncer(zapcore.AddSync(os.Stderr), writeSyncer),
		l)

	Logger = zap.New(core, zap.AddCaller())
	return
}

func getEncoder() zapcore.Encoder {
	encoderConfig := zap.NewProductionEncoderConfig()
	encoderConfig.EncodeTime = zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder
	encoderConfig.TimeKey = "time"
	encoderConfig.EncodeLevel = zapcore.CapitalLevelEncoder
	encoderConfig.EncodeDuration = zapcore.SecondsDurationEncoder
	encoderConfig.EncodeCaller = zapcore.ShortCallerEncoder
	return zapcore.NewJSONEncoder(encoderConfig)
}

func getLogWriter(filename string, maxSize, maxBackup, maxAge int) zapcore.WriteSyncer {
	lumberJackLogger := &lumberjack.Logger{
		Filename:   filename,
		MaxSize:    maxSize,
		MaxBackups: maxBackup,
		MaxAge:     maxAge,
	}
	return zapcore.AddSync(lumberJackLogger)
}

// GinLogger 接收gin框架默认的日志
func GinLogger(logger *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
	return func(c *gin.Context) {
		start := time.Now()
		path := c.Request.URL.Path
		query := c.Request.URL.RawQuery
		c.Next()

		cost := time.Since(start)
		logger.Info(path,
			zap.Int("status", c.Writer.Status()),
			zap.String("method", c.Request.Method),
			zap.String("path", path),
			zap.String("query", query),
			zap.String("ip", c.ClientIP()),
			zap.String("user-agent", c.Request.UserAgent()),
			zap.String("errors", c.Errors.ByType(gin.ErrorTypePrivate).String()),
			zap.Duration("cost", cost),
		)
	}
}

// GinRecovery recover掉项目可能出现的panic，并使用zap记录相关日志
func GinRecovery(logger *zap.Logger, stack bool) gin.HandlerFunc {
	return func(c *gin.Context) {
		defer func() {
			if err := recover(); err != nil {
				// Check for a broken connection, as it is not really a
				// condition that warrants a panic stack trace.
				var brokenPipe bool
				if ne, ok := err.(*net.OpError); ok {
					if se, ok := ne.Err.(*os.SyscallError); ok {
						if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "broken pipe") || strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "connection reset by peer") {
							brokenPipe = true
						}
					}
				}

				httpRequest, _ := httputil.DumpRequest(c.Request, false)
				if brokenPipe {
					logger.Error(c.Request.URL.Path,
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
					)
					// If the connection is dead, we can't write a status to it.
					c.Error(err.(error)) // nolint: errcheck
					c.Abort()
					return
				}

				if stack {
					logger.Error("[Recovery from panic]",
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
						zap.String("stack", string(debug.Stack())),
					)
				} else {
					logger.Error("[Recovery from panic]",
						zap.Any("error", err),
						zap.String("request", string(httpRequest)),
					)
				}
				c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusInternalServerError)
			}
		}()
		c.Next()
	}
}

配置文件`config.go`

package config

type LogConfig struct {
	Level string `json:"level"`
	Filename string `json:"filename"`
	MaxSize int `json:"maxsize"`
	MaxAge int `json:"max_age"`
	MaxBackups int `json:"max_backups"`
}

项目启动文件`main.go`

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"gin_demo/config"
	"gin_demo/logger"
	"gin_demo/router"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type user struct {
	Name string `json:"name"`
	Age  int
}

func sayHi(c *gin.Context) {
	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
		"message": "hello gin",
	})
}

func sayBye(c *gin.Context) {
	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, user{"bob", 22})
}
func main() {
	// log
	// 这只日志的配置内容
	logConf := config.LogConfig{Level: "info", Filename: "logs/zap_gin.log", MaxSize: 1, MaxAge: 30, MaxBackups: 5}
	// 初始化
	if err := logger.InitLogger(&logConf); err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("init logger failed, err:%v\n", err)
		return
	}
	r := gin.New()
	r = router.SetupRouter()
	err := r.Run(":8888")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal("gin run wrong")
	}
}

日志输出格式

func getEncoder() zapcore.Encoder {
	encoderConfig := zap.NewProductionEncoderConfig()
	encoderConfig.EncodeTime = zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder
	encoderConfig.TimeKey = "time"
	encoderConfig.EncodeLevel = zapcore.CapitalLevelEncoder
	encoderConfig.EncodeDuration = zapcore.SecondsDurationEncoder
	encoderConfig.EncodeCaller = zapcore.ShortCallerEncoder
	return zapcore.NewJSONEncoder(encoderConfig)
}

zapcore.NewJSONEncoder(encoderConfig)

2020-07-20T16:47:44.436+0800	INFO	logger/logger.go:69	/hello	{"status": 200, "method": "GET", "path": "/hello", "query": "", "ip": "::1", "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.116 Safari/537.36", "errors": "", "cost": 0.000189596}

zapcore.NewConsoleEncoder(encoderConfig)

2020-07-20T16:47:44.436+0800	INFO	logger/logger.go:69	/hello	{"status": 200, "method": "GET", "path": "/hello", "query": "", "ip": "::1", "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.116 Safari/537.36", "errors": "", "cost": 0.000189596}

3、报错err的详情记录 “ c.Error(err)”

单单上面的设置还不能记录错误的详细信息，在zap.String("errors", c.Errors.ByType(gin.ErrorTypePrivate).String())中的c.Errors还是为nil，若要记录，需要在代码中抛出的err位置，使用c.Error(err),才能被最终捕获错误，例如在router.go中增加一个路由

r.GET("/sentPic", func(c *gin.Context) {
		res, err := sendEmotionPic(pb.NewEmotionServerClient(conn), data, imgFile.Filename) // sendEmotionPic为gprc调用服务
		
		if err != nil {
		//此时的err需要被context捕获才能被zap记录
		c.Error(err) // 重点
		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{
			"status":  501,
			"message": err.Error(),
			"msg":     "图片未识别出表情",
			"data":    res,
		})
		return
	}
	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
		"status": 200,
		// "message": fmt.Sprintf("'%s' recognized!", imgFile.Filename),
		"msg":  "successful",
		"data": res,
	})
}

Bob drudgery

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Go web

开始一个gin框架的web项目一、goland创建项目1、创建项目[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-pl1kkHvI-1595235494094)(/Users/bobwang/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20200717111649445.png)]2、开始时的文件目录[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-duqJdOrg-159523
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