第九章 Selenium Webdriver ---等待类型

第八章 Selenium Webdriver —等待类型

1.隐式等待

创建driver时，为浏览器对象设置一个等待时间，默认为0。这个方法是得不到某个元素就等待一段时间，在设定的时间内不断的刷新页面，直到拿到某个元素的位置。

package waittyps;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

public class ImplicitWaitDemo {

	private WebDriver driver;
	private String baseUrl;

	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
		baseUrl = "https://www.yahoo.com";

		// Maximize the browser's window
		driver.manage().window().maximize();
		driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//针对全局的
	}
	
	@Test()
	public void test() throws Exception {
		driver.get(baseUrl);
		driver.findElement(By.id("uh-signin")).click();
		
		driver.findElement(By.id("login-username")).sendKeys("test");
	}

	@After
	public void tearDown() throws Exception {
		Thread.sleep(3000);
		driver.quit();
	}
}

2.显示等待

针对特定元素，为某个元素定制的。让元素等待直到某个条件才执行。

显示等待是我们可以定义的，等待某个条件发生，然后再继续执行代码。

elementToBeClickable 可以点击

presenceOfElementLocated 存在

visibilityOfElementLocated 显示存在

titleContains 标题中存在

package waittyps;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class ExplicitWaitDemo {
	private WebDriver driver;
	private String baseUrl;

	@Before
	public void setUp() {
		driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
		baseUrl = "https://www.yahoo.com";

		// Maximize the browser's window
		driver.manage().window().maximize();
	}
	
	@Test()
	public void test() {
		driver.get(baseUrl);
		WebElement loginLink = driver.findElement(By.id("uh-signin"));
		loginLink.click();
		WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,3);//一般元素加载非常慢的时候才使用
		WebElement emailField = wait.until(
				ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("login-username")));
		emailField.sendKeys("test");
//		driver.findElement(By.id("login-username")).sendKeys("test");
	}

	@After
	public void tearDown()  throws Exception{
		Thread.sleep(3000);
		driver.quit();
	}
}

3.常见问题

设置隐式等待10秒和显示等待20秒，Selenium webdriver会等待的时间不确定 20秒会超时

4.封装显示等待

package utility;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

import utility.WaitTypes;

public class ExplicitWaitWithUtilityDemo {
	private WebDriver driver;
	private String baseUrl;
	private WaitTypes wt;

	@Before
	public void setUp() {
		driver = new ChromeDriver();
		baseUrl = "https://www.yahoo.com";
		wt = new WaitTypes(driver);
		// Maximize the browser's window
		driver.manage().window().maximize();
	}
	
	@Test()
	public void test() {
		driver.get(baseUrl);
//		WebElement loginLink = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@class='_yb_khsbl']"));
//		loginLink.click();
		wt.clickWhenReady(By.id("//a[@class='_yb_khsbl']"), 3);
		WebElement emailField = wt.waitForElement(By.id("login-username"), 3);
		
		
//		WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,3);
//		WebElement emailField = wait.until(
//				ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("login-username")));
//		driver.findElement(By.id("login-username")).sendKeys("test");
	}

	@After
	public void tearDown()  throws Exception{
		Thread.sleep(3000);
		driver.quit();
	}
}

调用：

package utility;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class WaitTypes {
    WebDriver driver;

    public WaitTypes(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
    }

    public WebElement waitForElement(By locator, int timeout) {
        WebElement element = null;
        try {
            System.out.println("最长等待了" + timeout + "秒元素可用");
            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeout);
            element = wait.until(
                    ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(locator));
            System.out.println("元素在页面上出现了");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("元素没有在页面出现");
        }
        return element;
    }

    public void clickWhenReady(By locator, int timeout) {
        try {
            WebElement element = null;
            System.out.println("最长等待了" + timeout + "秒元素可点击");
            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 3);
            element = wait.until(
                    ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(locator));
            element.click();
            System.out.println("在页面上点击了元素");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("元素没有在页面出现");
        }
    }
}