C++多进程数据共享

C++多进程数据共享
1.创建子进程

int process_1(wchar_t commandLine2[]) {
	STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(STARTUPINFO) };//在产生子进程时，子进程的窗口相关信息
	PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;                  //子进程的ID/线程相关信息
	DWORD returnCode;//用于保存子程进的返回值;
	//wchar_t commandLine2[] = L"../x64\\Debug\\exe_a\\py_to_c";     //测试命令行参数二
	BOOL bRet = CreateProcess(              //调用失败，返回0；调用成功返回非0；
		NULL,                               //一般都是空；（另一种批处理情况：此参数指定"cmd.exe",下一个命令行参数 "/c otherBatFile")
		commandLine2,                       //进程路径，例 L"C:\\Users\\ps\\Desktop\\c++_into_python\\python_to_c-1\\process_2\\x64\\Debug\\process_2"，不需要.exe后缀        
		NULL,                               //_In_opt_    LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes,
		NULL,                               //_In_opt_    LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes,
		FALSE,                              //_In_        BOOL                  bInheritHandles,
		CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE,                 //新的进程使用新的窗口。显示窗口CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE  隐藏窗口CREATE_NO_WINDOW
		NULL,                               //_In_opt_    LPVOID                lpEnvironment,
		NULL,                               //_In_opt_    LPCTSTR               lpCurrentDirectory,
		&si,                                //_In_        LPSTARTUPINFO         lpStartupInfo,
		&pi);                               //_Out_       LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation

	if (bRet)
	{
		std::cout << "process is running..." << std::endl;
		//等待子进程结束
		//WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, -1);
		std::cout << "process is finished" << std::endl;
		//获取子进程的返回值
		GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess, &returnCode);
		std::cout << "process return code:" << returnCode << std::endl;
	}
	else
	{
		std::cout << "Create Process error!" << std::endl;
		return 0;
	}
	//getchar();
	CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
	CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
	return 0;
}

2.获取进程是否开启

int GetProcess()
{
	//PROCESSENTRY32结构体，保存进程具体信息
	PROCESSENTRY32 pe32;
	pe32.dwSize = sizeof(pe32);
	char exe_name0[] = "py_to_c_gpu0.exe";
	char exe_name1[] = "py_to_c_gpu1.exe";
	int cout_flag0 = 0;
	int cout_flag1 = 0;
	//获得系统进程快照的句柄
	HANDLE hProcessSnap = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
	if (hProcessSnap == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		printf("CreateToolhelp32Snapshot error.\n");
		return 0;
	}
	//首先获得第一个进程
	BOOL bProcess = Process32First(hProcessSnap, &pe32);
	//循环获得所有进程
	while (bProcess)
	{
		//打印进程名和进程ID
		//申请char类型存储空间
		char* pe_cha = new char[sizeof(pe32.szExeFile)];
		//将wchar_t宽类型转char窄类型
		WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pe32.szExeFile, -1, pe_cha, sizeof(pe32.szExeFile), NULL, FALSE);

		if (strcmp(pe_cha, exe_name0) == 0)//判断两字符串是否一致
			cout_flag0 += 1;
		if (strcmp(pe_cha, exe_name1) == 0)
			cout_flag1 += 1;

		//printf("%ls----%d\n", pe32.szExeFile, pe32.th32ProcessID);
		bProcess = Process32Next(hProcessSnap, &pe32);
	}
	CloseHandle(hProcessSnap);
}

2.创建共享内存

#define BUF_SIZE 4096*8192+20+64+64
void creat_space() 
{
	CreateFileMapping(
		INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,   // 物理文件句柄
		NULL,   // 默认安全级别
		PAGE_READWRITE,   // 可读可写
		0,   // 高位文件大小
		BUF_SIZE,   // 低位文件大小
		L"ShareMemory"   // 共享内存名称
	);
}

注意：创建的共享内存需要在使用完毕再关闭，CloseHandle(hMapFile)
3.写入图片

typedef struct
{
	int width;
	int height;
	int type;
	int flag_write;
	int flag_read;
}MatHeader;

int creat_file()
{
	// 定义共享数据
	Mat img = read_img();
	HANDLE hMapFile = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, TRUE, L"ShareMemory");
	// 映射缓存区视图 , 得到指向共享内存的指针
	LPVOID lpBase = MapViewOfFile(
		hMapFile,            // 共享内存的句柄
		FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // 可读写许可
		0,
		0,
		BUF_SIZE
	);

	// 将数据拷贝到共享内存
	MatHeader matHead;
	matHead.width = img.cols;
	matHead.height = img.rows;
	matHead.type = img.type();
	matHead.flag_write = 1;//写标志位
	matHead.flag_read = 0;//读标志位
	//int cc = sizeof(MatHeader);

	char* lp = (char*)lpBase;//转换后才能与sizeof(MatHeader)相加
	//将图片数据复制到共享内存
	memcpy(lp + sizeof(MatHeader), img.data, img.cols * img.rows);//写入图片数据
	memcpy(lpBase, &matHead, sizeof(MatHeader));//写入文件头部信息
	UnmapViewOfFile(lpBase);//关闭映射
	CloseHandle(hMapFile);//关闭句柄
	return 0;
}

4.读取图片

typedef struct
{
	int width;
	int height;
	int type;
	int flag_write;
	int flag_read;
}MatHeader;
void init_numpy()
{
	_import_array();
}
typedef struct _img_detect_data_py1
{
	//int img_num = -1; // 图片索引
	std::vector<int>scores1;
	std::vector<float>classes1;
	std::vector<int>masks1;
}img_detect_data_py1;
int main
{
	MatHeader matHead;
	img_detect_data_py img_detect_tmp;
	//打开共享的文件对象
	HANDLE hMapFile = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, TRUE, L"ShareMemory");
	cout << "GPU2错误编号：" << GetLastError() << endl;
	if (hMapFile)
	{
		LPVOID lpBase = MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, 0, 0, BUF_SIZE);
		char* lp = (char*)lpBase;
		// 将共享内存数据拷贝出来
		//读入信息头
		cout << "头长度：" << sizeof(matHead) << endl;
		memcpy(&matHead, lp, sizeof(MatHeader));
		cout << "高" << matHead.height << endl;
		//创建image
		Mat image;
		image.create(matHead.height, matHead.width, matHead.type);
		memcpy(image.data, lp + sizeof(MatHeader), matHead.height * matHead.width);
		matHead.flag_read = 1;
		matHead.flag_write = 0;//图像读取完成标志位置0
		memcpy(lpBase, &matHead, sizeof(MatHeader));//更新头部信息

		 解除文件映射
		UnmapViewOfFile(lpBase);
		 关闭内存映射文件对象句柄
		CloseHandle(hMapFile);
	//	namedWindow("img", WINDOW_NORMAL);
	//	cv::imshow("img", image);
	//	cv::waitKey();
	//	cv::destroyAllWindows();
	}

注意事项：
1）打开共享内存使用后需要及时释放掉
2）将图片写入共享内存时，先将图片头部信息写入再写入图片数据img.data
3）在读取图片信息时，需要创建一个新的Mat类型变量，用于存储图片信息
4）在使用MapViewOfFile返回值lpBase进行加法运算时，需要进行强制类型转换char* lp = (char*)lpBase;