Linux工具：sort工具将文件按指定分隔符分割后，对指定列进行排序

源文件：

[root@docker01 heima]# cat sortpractice.txt
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-15 YrAefJ3nSQqFubGbzyhhHw 3 1 997 0 778.3kb 389.1kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-19 c85gBD4tSlyXJWGreTwe8Q 3 1 988 0 771.1kb 385.5kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-16 WlxViCRBTWSGyyEL7UTfIA 3 1 994 0 718kb 359kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-02 RB6GOEmwRz6qAgYZsCNWgg 3 1 991 0 728.7kb 364.3kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-10 Hep-BdHAQsqOT41Vhpxgog 3 1 0 0 780b 390b
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-17 T8sLmiQLSNyAF01G4poCMg 3 1 994 0 735kb 367.5kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-12 -SNKgeyJT7qD5u_ngqF2TQ 3 1 997 0 814.1kb 407kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-29 9Y6rF6_0Tj6KJmB4HUTRmQ 3 1 39739 0 24.9mb 12.4mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-22 E_kUiRhrTfWhZfvG0MrT4w 3 1 26899 0 14.3mb 7.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-08 aEoKyz_vQHi1DG30lOhcHg 3 1 39064 0 20.7mb 10.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-05 gfsFnBR_Tw2lR_6c2gxpkQ 3 1 39720 5 20.4mb 10.2mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-25 lVXCjejtQfCaEEQXMyf9sg 3 1 62937 0 33.1mb 16.5mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-11 tUyMi_-iRJKYl_dGXwBQzQ 3 1 37690 0 19.9mb 9.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-26 hJQcNh74SseFzPdqjc55TQ 3 1 0 0 780b 390b
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-21 3i8xGDbqTYuzCViJrIhfJQ 3 1 31403 0 16.6mb 8.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-14 aw5f7XwUSf-ggkNryldBzQ 3 1 0 0 780b 390b
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-03 tR74SJmoS8CEPPLSi1wXbQ 3 1 36698 0 19.1mb 9.5mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-20 PE8ZN0GAQpGeNvR6R_El1g 3 1 988 0 705kb 352.5kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-30 i2oOgCUFQpe0wiNa4Eu8RA 5 1 73995 0 42.1mb 21.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-07 iz5WqxjHTyO9f9mWAJpXeg 3 1 997 0 783.6kb 391.8kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-01 4gTmxDGwR-arQYMF0BENFg 3 1 8894 997 9.7mb 4.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-27 mZjGbKGFSZmvvQqN4SWL1A 3 1 31017 0 16.3mb 8.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-09 uMO6lGHfRc6r3LgTZS7Btg 3 1 28861 0 15.8mb 7.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-04 dYusobBbTl2Z7Leo6ELEDA 3 1 994 0 492.8kb 246.4kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-13 xQwMxXXbRei36Gde35dfqg 3 1 994 0 760.1kb 380kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-24 z70YSOEZTGSd_9CWnjM7yw 3 1 28663 0 15.3mb 7.6mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-18 JSOLv-cIQrCPEotRnGrPZw 3 1 994 0 751.4kb 375.7kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-23 E3laTRuwTumG1AaGT4Po2Q 3 1 22771 0 12.5mb 6.2mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-28 EXI_8X4oQFqVcZVTqIsu7w 3 1 29185 0 15.7mb 7.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-06 bIR34HPmQRCA2Y8h_eUcog 3 1 994 0 742.7kb 371.3kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-22 9AsRGXqSRtSRyVYgh1ALbA 3 1 26899 0 14.4mb 7.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-04 0SKFF4sqTU-_s72m8yLSaQ 5 1 39343 0 24.2mb 12.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-07 GEnd6TPURZKxfM1c_OrXBQ 5 1 34398 0 21.6mb 10.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-30 YnrpjM92Tb6MYI52zh55tQ 3 1 28420 0 15.3mb 7.6mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-01 WvtHc4HQS9mwdkW3Hieylg 5 1 8894 0 9.8mb 4.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-05 xCx1YrA3QZiAiWZ-Ehg_fw 5 1 39720 0 23.8mb 11.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-29 HSWBz-NNRb-NkJfoGT35VQ 3 1 31903 0 16.8mb 8.4mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-28 n4OQQV6SRSeWN1Vm2s7U_A 3 1 29185 0 15.7mb 7.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-26 j_fOd16YSEiPzcxXcvkFNQ 3 1 33949 0 17.6mb 8.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-20 Xv0dIgiESG2uF0-taMoq0Q 5 1 27483 0 17.6mb 8.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-02 XXY3ySW_QSawbmz2Djz-EA 5 1 45089 0 27.8mb 13.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-25 1zVMw56hTZ6jEYTKcFGEQQ 3 1 28988 0 15.5mb 7.7mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-31 dJ1LAPsuSxOQy07XsmGVvw 3 1 123067 0 55.3mb 27.7mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-23 ww_Ni0XRQP-pOBHC9vNblA 3 1 22771 0 12.6mb 6.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-21 eXPFdeGRTD6_KSWf-7aYNA 3 1 31403 0 16.7mb 8.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-03 UJQN6oR6Ts2EUksi6PzuDA 5 1 36698 0 22.2mb 11.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-27 MW_C_l2XTZ-FuG-Jdw80tg 3 1 31017 0 16.5mb 8.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-06 N-eU8KT2RJW5ONa5NDC3dQ 5 1 35668 0 22.1mb 11mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-24 qx49bg14S86gJpJgYZqCmA 3 1 28663 0 15.3mb 7.6mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-19 RHErIO2bRQiJ8-crg8e_9Q 5 1 27234 5 17.1mb 8.5mb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-29 tujOAMk5RV68WaKKmul7hA 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-25 BtOfRGuMR8qP3yQGTKQdEQ 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-24 UfJRSwNqRyWMhUIlVWZBbQ 3 1 3 0 42.5kb 21.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-28 DBPxDVaBRYiC6P_Bj_8Gxw 3 1 1 0 21.3kb 10.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-31 K5E5qQU6TH2tCkga71NMpA 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-22 qQzbWHpqThWYG7kum1djzg 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-23 PEIUkA1-TJKJibd2sLAk5Q 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-30 yAy-RjB8T_6FQxwD_clJGw 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-19 zzpucRZLQA2sOdw_VKVVIg 5 1 5 0 103.5kb 51.7kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-26 aCDulv_ISFGBq8TISRwa-A 3 1 4 0 62.9kb 31.4kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-27 TpbK6rY0TuGeA-k0gY-MKA 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-21 ln0EOWoYSCyv0H-X2gcZkg 5 1 138 105 389.2kb 194.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-02 68kC6XnHS6i91qbOomZuYA 5 1 177 0 230.1kb 115kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-30 PN8wzml4SyaD_-ekozwrmQ 3 1 22 0 80.1kb 40kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-24 dTN6firWT7GeC4Cd3kBNDQ 3 1 25 1 142.3kb 71.1kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-05 72_4DsVlQY-2n7yhUo78xQ 5 1 82 0 168.4kb 84.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-31 WdqwDW5tSGWYlei_36uHJA 3 1 127 0 334.8kb 167.4kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-25 3BHtfPTzTGqdk0EaMNx0JA 3 1 19 0 106.7kb 48.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-23 VjZ-Ice-RKmYrf82pIgSkw 3 1 64 25 251.7kb 132.1kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-20 wDTj10CKQ_i0VfWXSVBXVg 5 1 162 138 432.9kb 216.4kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-22 ODoYW-R-SO6hw5MSDP5erQ 3 1 88 0 137.8kb 68.9kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-28 pAMA2FEQRLy77NnPVbCRUg 3 1 183 0 360.5kb 180.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-19 tbQpKAclSky2MnhVp1RJ1Q 5 1 95 86 317.7kb 148.8kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-29 mpl8-5A1TD2QongAhqK3LA 3 1 100 0 238.6kb 119.3kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-27 C3JGJLNiTManUaxNYNSEYA 3 1 92 0 217.3kb 108.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-07 a8M1mstFQDCUVS6J0Koj-Q 5 1 64 0 154.8kb 77.4kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-26 Sbc3WZP3Qr6ZFlMVrljsBA 3 1 61 0 132.4kb 66.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-01 PWsuhpL0S9SrDLt-ZvkCbQ 5 1 19 0 118.3kb 59.1kb

按空格分割，并对第三列进行排序

[root@docker01 heima]# sort -t' ' -k3 sortpractice.txt
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-01 WvtHc4HQS9mwdkW3Hieylg 5 1 8894 0 9.8mb 4.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-02 XXY3ySW_QSawbmz2Djz-EA 5 1 45089 0 27.8mb 13.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-03 UJQN6oR6Ts2EUksi6PzuDA 5 1 36698 0 22.2mb 11.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-04 0SKFF4sqTU-_s72m8yLSaQ 5 1 39343 0 24.2mb 12.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-05 xCx1YrA3QZiAiWZ-Ehg_fw 5 1 39720 0 23.8mb 11.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-06 N-eU8KT2RJW5ONa5NDC3dQ 5 1 35668 0 22.1mb 11mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-07 GEnd6TPURZKxfM1c_OrXBQ 5 1 34398 0 21.6mb 10.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-19 RHErIO2bRQiJ8-crg8e_9Q 5 1 27234 5 17.1mb 8.5mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-20 Xv0dIgiESG2uF0-taMoq0Q 5 1 27483 0 17.6mb 8.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-21 eXPFdeGRTD6_KSWf-7aYNA 3 1 31403 0 16.7mb 8.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-22 9AsRGXqSRtSRyVYgh1ALbA 3 1 26899 0 14.4mb 7.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-23 ww_Ni0XRQP-pOBHC9vNblA 3 1 22771 0 12.6mb 6.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-24 qx49bg14S86gJpJgYZqCmA 3 1 28663 0 15.3mb 7.6mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-25 1zVMw56hTZ6jEYTKcFGEQQ 3 1 28988 0 15.5mb 7.7mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-26 j_fOd16YSEiPzcxXcvkFNQ 3 1 33949 0 17.6mb 8.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-27 MW_C_l2XTZ-FuG-Jdw80tg 3 1 31017 0 16.5mb 8.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-28 n4OQQV6SRSeWN1Vm2s7U_A 3 1 29185 0 15.7mb 7.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-29 HSWBz-NNRb-NkJfoGT35VQ 3 1 31903 0 16.8mb 8.4mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-30 YnrpjM92Tb6MYI52zh55tQ 3 1 28420 0 15.3mb 7.6mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-07-31 dJ1LAPsuSxOQy07XsmGVvw 3 1 123067 0 55.3mb 27.7mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-01 4gTmxDGwR-arQYMF0BENFg 3 1 8894 997 9.7mb 4.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-02 RB6GOEmwRz6qAgYZsCNWgg 3 1 991 0 728.7kb 364.3kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-03 tR74SJmoS8CEPPLSi1wXbQ 3 1 36698 0 19.1mb 9.5mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-04 dYusobBbTl2Z7Leo6ELEDA 3 1 994 0 492.8kb 246.4kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-05 gfsFnBR_Tw2lR_6c2gxpkQ 3 1 39720 5 20.4mb 10.2mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-06 bIR34HPmQRCA2Y8h_eUcog 3 1 994 0 742.7kb 371.3kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-07 iz5WqxjHTyO9f9mWAJpXeg 3 1 997 0 783.6kb 391.8kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-08 aEoKyz_vQHi1DG30lOhcHg 3 1 39064 0 20.7mb 10.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-09 uMO6lGHfRc6r3LgTZS7Btg 3 1 28861 0 15.8mb 7.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-10 Hep-BdHAQsqOT41Vhpxgog 3 1 0 0 780b 390b
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-11 tUyMi_-iRJKYl_dGXwBQzQ 3 1 37690 0 19.9mb 9.9mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-12 -SNKgeyJT7qD5u_ngqF2TQ 3 1 997 0 814.1kb 407kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-13 xQwMxXXbRei36Gde35dfqg 3 1 994 0 760.1kb 380kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-14 aw5f7XwUSf-ggkNryldBzQ 3 1 0 0 780b 390b
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-15 YrAefJ3nSQqFubGbzyhhHw 3 1 997 0 778.3kb 389.1kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-16 WlxViCRBTWSGyyEL7UTfIA 3 1 994 0 718kb 359kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-17 T8sLmiQLSNyAF01G4poCMg 3 1 994 0 735kb 367.5kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-18 JSOLv-cIQrCPEotRnGrPZw 3 1 994 0 751.4kb 375.7kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-19 c85gBD4tSlyXJWGreTwe8Q 3 1 988 0 771.1kb 385.5kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-20 PE8ZN0GAQpGeNvR6R_El1g 3 1 988 0 705kb 352.5kb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-21 3i8xGDbqTYuzCViJrIhfJQ 3 1 31403 0 16.6mb 8.3mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-22 E_kUiRhrTfWhZfvG0MrT4w 3 1 26899 0 14.3mb 7.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-23 E3laTRuwTumG1AaGT4Po2Q 3 1 22771 0 12.5mb 6.2mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-24 z70YSOEZTGSd_9CWnjM7yw 3 1 28663 0 15.3mb 7.6mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-25 lVXCjejtQfCaEEQXMyf9sg 3 1 62937 0 33.1mb 16.5mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-26 hJQcNh74SseFzPdqjc55TQ 3 1 0 0 780b 390b
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-27 mZjGbKGFSZmvvQqN4SWL1A 3 1 31017 0 16.3mb 8.1mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-28 EXI_8X4oQFqVcZVTqIsu7w 3 1 29185 0 15.7mb 7.8mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-29 9Y6rF6_0Tj6KJmB4HUTRmQ 3 1 39739 0 24.9mb 12.4mb
green open machine_card_untying_2022-11-30 i2oOgCUFQpe0wiNa4Eu8RA 5 1 73995 0 42.1mb 21.1mb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-19 zzpucRZLQA2sOdw_VKVVIg 5 1 5 0 103.5kb 51.7kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-22 qQzbWHpqThWYG7kum1djzg 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-23 PEIUkA1-TJKJibd2sLAk5Q 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-24 UfJRSwNqRyWMhUIlVWZBbQ 3 1 3 0 42.5kb 21.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-25 BtOfRGuMR8qP3yQGTKQdEQ 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-26 aCDulv_ISFGBq8TISRwa-A 3 1 4 0 62.9kb 31.4kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-27 TpbK6rY0TuGeA-k0gY-MKA 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-28 DBPxDVaBRYiC6P_Bj_8Gxw 3 1 1 0 21.3kb 10.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-29 tujOAMk5RV68WaKKmul7hA 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-30 yAy-RjB8T_6FQxwD_clJGw 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_message_2022-07-31 K5E5qQU6TH2tCkga71NMpA 3 1 0 0 954b 477b
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-01 PWsuhpL0S9SrDLt-ZvkCbQ 5 1 19 0 118.3kb 59.1kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-02 68kC6XnHS6i91qbOomZuYA 5 1 177 0 230.1kb 115kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-05 72_4DsVlQY-2n7yhUo78xQ 5 1 82 0 168.4kb 84.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-07 a8M1mstFQDCUVS6J0Koj-Q 5 1 64 0 154.8kb 77.4kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-19 tbQpKAclSky2MnhVp1RJ1Q 5 1 95 86 317.7kb 148.8kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-20 wDTj10CKQ_i0VfWXSVBXVg 5 1 162 138 432.9kb 216.4kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-21 ln0EOWoYSCyv0H-X2gcZkg 5 1 138 105 389.2kb 194.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-22 ODoYW-R-SO6hw5MSDP5erQ 3 1 88 0 137.8kb 68.9kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-23 VjZ-Ice-RKmYrf82pIgSkw 3 1 64 25 251.7kb 132.1kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-24 dTN6firWT7GeC4Cd3kBNDQ 3 1 25 1 142.3kb 71.1kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-25 3BHtfPTzTGqdk0EaMNx0JA 3 1 19 0 106.7kb 48.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-26 Sbc3WZP3Qr6ZFlMVrljsBA 3 1 61 0 132.4kb 66.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-27 C3JGJLNiTManUaxNYNSEYA 3 1 92 0 217.3kb 108.6kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-28 pAMA2FEQRLy77NnPVbCRUg 3 1 183 0 360.5kb 180.2kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-29 mpl8-5A1TD2QongAhqK3LA 3 1 100 0 238.6kb 119.3kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-30 PN8wzml4SyaD_-ekozwrmQ 3 1 22 0 80.1kb 40kb
green open use_of_over_whitelist_voice_2022-07-31 WdqwDW5tSGWYlei_36uHJA 3 1 127 0 334.8kb 167.4kb

常用参数：

-u ：去除重复行
-r ：降序排列，默认是升序
-o : 将排序结果输出到文件中,类似重定向符号>
-n ：以数字排序，默认是按字符排序
-t ：分隔符
-k ：以第N列作为排序条件
-b ：忽略前导空格。
-R ：随机排序，每次运行的结果均不同