#运算符
#运算符用于在预处理期将宏参数转换为字符串;
#的转换作用是在预处理期完成的,因此只在宏定义中有效;
编译器不知道#的转换作用
用法:
#define STRING(x) #x
printf("%s\n",STRING(Hello World!));
示例1如下:
#include <stdio.h>
#define STRING(x) #x
int main()
{
printf("%s\n", STRING(Hello world!));
printf("%s\n", STRING(100));
printf("%s\n", STRING(while));
printf("%s\n", STRING(return));
return 0;
}
示例2如下:
#include <stdio.h>
#define CALL(f, p) (printf("Call function %s\n", #f), f(p))
int square(int n)
{
return n * n;
}
int func(int x)
{
return x;
}
int main()
{
int result = 0;
result = CALL(square, 4);
printf("result = %d\n", result);
result = CALL(func, 10);
printf("result = %d\n", result);
return 0;
}
##运算符
##运算符用于在预处理期粘连两个标识符;
##的连接作用是在预处理期完成的,因此只在宏定义中有效;
编译器不知道##的连接作用;
用法
#define CONNECT(a,b) a##b
int CONNECT(a,1);
a1 = 2;
示例1如下:
#include <stdio.h>
#define NAME(n) name##n
int main()
{
int NAME(1);
int NAME(2);
NAME(1) = 1;
NAME(2) = 2;
printf("%d\n", NAME(1));
printf("%d\n", NAME(2));
return 0;
}
示例2如下:
#include <stdio.h>
#define STRUCT(type) typedef struct _tag_##type type;\
struct _tag_##type
STRUCT(Student)
{
char* name;
int id;
};
int main()
{
Student s1;
Student s2;
s1.name = "s1";
s1.id = 0;
s2.name = "s2";
s2.id = 1;
printf("s1.name = %s\n", s1.name);
printf("s1.id = %d\n", s1.id);
printf("s2.name = %s\n", s2.name);
printf("s2.id = %d\n", s2.id);
return 0;
}
小结
1、#运算符用于在预处理期将宏参数转换为字符串;
2、## 运算符用于在预处理期粘连两个标识符;
3、编译器不知道#和##运算符的存在;
4、#和## 运算符只在宏定义中有效;