SSM--上传与下载文件

最新推荐文章于 2020-05-28 18:35:23 发布

BtWangZhi

最新推荐文章于 2020-05-28 18:35:23 发布

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分类专栏： Spring/SpringBoot/SpringCloud 文章标签： spring 文件上传 java web

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/BtWangZhi/article/details/55118383

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相信从事Web开发的都会碰到上传文件这类的基础问题，恰好在公司实习涉及到上传文件，通过查阅网上相关的资料，特整理如下，
1 Spring文件中添加如下配置，勿忘，否者怀疑人生，死都不知道怎么死的：

<!-- 配置MultipartResolver 用于文件上传 使用spring的CommosMultipartResolver -->  
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">   
          <property name="maxUploadSize"><value>100000</value></property> 
          <property name="defaultEncoding"><value>UTF-8</value></property> 
    </bean>

添加两个架包：
commons-fileupload-1.1.1.jar
commons-io-1.3.2.jar
2 JSP页面及form表单：

</head>
  <body>
    <form method="POST" action="upLoadFile_01.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    选择一个文件:
        <input type="file" name="upLoadFile" />
        <input type="text" name="number" />
        <br/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>

    <form method="POST" action="upLoadFile_02.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    选择一个文件:
        <input type="file" name="upLoadFile" />
        <input type="text" name="number" />
        <br/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>
    <form method="POST" action="upLoadFile_03.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    选择一个文件:
        <input type="file" name="upLoadFile" />
        <input type="text" name="number" />
        <br/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>
    <form method="POST" action="upLoadFile_04.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    选择一个文件:
        <input type="file" name="upLoadFile" />
        <input type="text" name="number" />
        <br/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>
    <form method="POST" action="upLoadFile_05.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    选择一个文件:
        <input type="file" name="upLoadFile" />
        <input type="text" name="number" />
        <br/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>
    <form method="POST" action="upLoadFile_06.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    选择一个文件:
        <input type="file" name="upLoadFile" />
        <input type="text" name="number" />
        <br/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="上传" />
    </form>

  </body>
  注意：
    看看表单<from>中是否包含 enctype="multipart/form-data" 
enctype="multipart/form-data" 会让数据以二进制传输，

2.1 JS判断上传文件的大小：

CSS代码：
<input name="attach" class=" box2" type="file" onchange="checkFileSize(this);" />
JS代码：
var isIE = /msie/i.test(navigator.userAgent) && !window.opera;      
    //检测上传文件的大小
    function checkFileSize(target) {
        //获取的大小单位为b
        var fileSize = 0;
        if (isIE && !target.files) {
            var filePath = target.val();
            var fileSystem = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
            var file = fileSystem.GetFile(filePath);
            fileSize = file.Size;
        } else {
            fileSize = target.files[0].size;
        }
        //获取的文件大小单位b
        //限制的大小为30MB
        var fileMaxSize = 30 * 1024 * 1024;
        if (fileSize > fileMaxSize) {
            //超过指定大小,删除附件
            alert("上传文件过大，请限制在30MB以下","",1);
            //上传附件文件过大，删除附件
            deleteAttach();
            return false; 
        }
        return true;    
    }

3 Controller层：
方式一：

/**
     * 多文件上传与单文件上传类似，多文件上传将表单中的
     * input标签中的name="upLoadFile"属性设为相同，在控制器中将MultipartFile定义为一个数组 循环读取，依次上传
     * 
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "upLoadFile_01", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String upLoadFile_01(
            HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response,
            @RequestParam(value = "upLoadFile", required = false) MultipartFile file,
            String number) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("进入" + number);

        if (file != null) {

            System.out.println("正在上传");
            System.out.println(file.getName());
            System.out.println(file.getOriginalFilename());
            File fileDir = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH);
            // 目录是否存在
            if (!fileDir.exists()) {
                // 创建文件
                fileDir.mkdir();
            }

            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(
                    UPLOAD_FILE_PATH + file.getOriginalFilename());
            byte[] bytes = file.getBytes();
            BufferedOutputStream stream = new BufferedOutputStream(
                    fileOutputStream);
            stream.write(bytes);
            stream.close();
            fileOutputStream.close();
            System.out.println("上传完成");

            return "list";
        } else {
            System.out.println("没有上传文件");
            request.setAttribute("answer", "上传失败");
            return "list";
        }
    }

方式二：

/**
     * 多文件上传与单文件上传类似，多文件上传将表单中的
     * input标签中的name="upLoadFile"属性设为相同，在控制器中将MultipartFile定义为一个数组 循环读取，依次上传
     * 
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "upLoadFile_02", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String upLoadFile_02(
            HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response,
            @RequestParam(value = "upLoadFile", required = false) MultipartFile file,
            String number) throws IOException {

        System.out.println("进入" + number);
        InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
        File file2 = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH);
        // 当目录不存在时创建
        if (!file2.exists()) {
            file2.mkdir();
        }

        // 写入指定的目录
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(
                UPLOAD_FILE_PATH + file.getOriginalFilename());
        byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
        int hasReand = 0;
        while ((hasReand = inputStream.read(buff)) > 0) {
            fileOutputStream.write(buff);
        }
        fileOutputStream.close();
        inputStream.close();
        System.out.println("上传成功");

        return "list";
    }

方式三：

/**
     * 多文件上传与单文件上传类似，多文件上传将表单中的
     * input标签中的name="upLoadFile"属性设为相同，在控制器中将MultipartFile定义为一个数组 循环读取，依次上传
     * 
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "upLoadFile_03", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String upLoadFile_03(
            HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response,
            @RequestParam(value = "upLoadFile", required = false) MultipartFile file,
            String number) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("进入" + number);

        File fileDir = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH);
        // 当目录不存在时创建
        if (!fileDir.exists()) {
            fileDir.mkdir();
        }

        File file2 = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH + file.getOriginalFilename());
        file.transferTo(file2);

        System.out.println("上传成功");

        return "list";
    }

方式四：

/**
     * 多文件上传与单文件上传类似，多文件上传将表单中的
     * input标签中的name="upLoadFile"属性设为相同，在控制器中将MultipartFile定义为一个数组 循环读取，依次上传
     * 
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "upLoadFile_04", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String upLoadFile_04(
            HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response,
            @RequestParam(value = "upLoadFile", required = false) MultipartFile file,
            String number) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("进入" + number);

        File fileDir = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH);
        // 当目录不存在时创建
        if (!fileDir.exists()) {
            fileDir.mkdir();
        }

        File file2 = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH + file.getOriginalFilename());
        file.transferTo(file2);

        System.out.println("上传成功");

        return "list";
    }

方式五：

/**
     * 只能上传文档 多文件上传与单文件上传类似，多文件上传将表单中的
     * input标签中的name="upLoadFile"属性设为相同，在控制器中将MultipartFile定义为一个数组 循环读取，依次上传
     * 
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "upLoadFile_05", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String upLoadFile_05(
            HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response,
            @RequestParam(value = "upLoadFile", required = false) MultipartFile file,
            String number) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("进入" + number);

        File fileDir = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH);
        // 当目录不存在时创建
        if (!fileDir.exists()) {
            fileDir.mkdir();
        }

        FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH
                + file.getOriginalFilename());

        InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(
                inputStream, "GB2312");
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

        int hasRead = 0;
        char[] buff2 = new char[1024];
        while ((hasRead = bufferedReader.read(buff2)) > 0) {
            fileWriter.write(buff2);
        }

        fileWriter.close();
        bufferedReader.close();

        System.out.println("上传成功");

        return "list";
    }

方式六：

/**
     * 只能上传文档 多文件上传与单文件上传类似，多文件上传将表单中的
     * input标签中的name="upLoadFile"属性设为相同，在控制器中将MultipartFile定义为一个数组 循环读取，依次上传
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "upLoadFile_06", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String upLoadFile_06(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, String number) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("进入" + number);

        File fileDir = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH);
        // 当目录不存在时创建
        if (!fileDir.exists()) {
            fileDir.mkdir();
        }

        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        // 最大缓存
        factory.setSizeThreshold(5 * 1024);
        // 临时文件目录
        File fileTempDir = new File(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH + "temp");
        if (!fileTempDir.exists()) {
            fileTempDir.mkdir();
        }
        factory.setRepository(fileTempDir);

        ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

        // 获取所有文件列表
        List<FileItem> itemFileItems = fileUpload.parseRequest(request);
        for (FileItem item : itemFileItems) {
            if (!item.isFormField()) {
                // 文件名
                String fileName = item.getName();
                // 文件后缀
                String fileEnd = fileName.substring(
                        (fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1)).toLowerCase();
                // 创建文件唯一名称
                String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                StringBuffer fileNewName = new StringBuffer();
                fileNewName.append(UPLOAD_FILE_PATH).append(uuid).append(".")
                        .append(fileEnd);

                // 写入文件
                File file2 = new File(fileNewName.toString());
                item.write(file2);
            }
        }

        System.out.println("上传成功");

        return "list";
    }

个人比较喜欢方式五，简单粗暴，直接明了。
上传文件和表单数据

表单：
<form  id="formData" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
        <input type="text" name="name" id="name"/> 
        <input type="password" name="password" id="password"/>
        <input type="file" name="file" id="file"/>
        <input type="button" onclick="submitData()" value="确认">
    </form>
JS代码：    
//JSON字符串转JSON对象
    function strToJSON01(str){
        return eval('('+str+')');
    }
    //JSON字符串转JSON对象
    function strToJSON02(str){
        return JSON.parse(str);
    }
    function submitData(){
        console.log($('#formData').serialize());//name=admin&password=123456		console.log(formToJson($('#formData')));//{"name":"admin","password":"123456"}
        console.log(typeof(formToJson($('#formData'))));//为JSON字符串

        console.log(typeof(strToJSON01(formToJson($('#formData')))));//为JSON对象 {name: "admin", password: "123456"}

        console.log({'name':$('#name').val(),'password':$('#password').val()});//:{name: "name", value: "admin"}1:{name: "password", value: "123456"}
        console.log(typeof{'name':$('#name').val(),'password':$('#password').val()});//为JSON对象
        $.ajaxFileUpload({
            url:'<%=basePath %>text/upload.html',
            type:'POST',
            secureuri:false,//是否启用安全提交，默认为false。 
            fileElementId:'file',//文件标签的name
            dataType:'text',//服务器返回的数据类型
            data:strToJSON01(formToJson($('#formData'))),//将form表单序列化为JSON字符串后转为JSON对象
            //data:{'name':$('#name').val(),'password':$('#password').val()},与上面的相同
            success : function(data, status) {
                console.log(data+"  "+status);
            },
            error : function(data, status, e) {
                console.log(data+"  "+status);
            },
        });
    }
    //将表单数据转化为JSON数据 form为表单对象，如$("#form01"),返回序列化数据
    function formToJson(form) {
        var data = form.serialize();
        data = decodeURIComponent(data, true);//防止中文乱码  
        data = data.replace(/&/g, "','");
        data = data.replace(/=/g, "':'");
        data = "({'" + data + "'})";
        obj = eval(data);
        obj=JSON.stringify(obj);
        return obj;
    }

后台代码：表单中页面编码方式设置为enctype=”multipart/form-data”后，取数据只能通过这样的形式来取：

MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
   multipartRequest.getParameter("name")

@ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value = "/upload", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void formData(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response,
            @RequestParam(value = "file", required = false) MultipartFile file) {
        //System.out.println(user.getName() + " " + user.getPassword());
        MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
        System.out.println("name"+multipartRequest.getParameter("name")); 
        System.out.println("password"+multipartRequest.getParameter("password"));
        System.out.println(multipartRequest.getFile("file"));//file为表单中name的值,同样可取到上传的文件
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        try {
            inputStream = file.getInputStream();
            Integer hasRead = 0;
            byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
            while ((hasRead = inputStream.read(buff)) > 0) {
                //System.out.println(new String(buff,0,hasRead));
            }
        } catch (Exception exception) {

        } finally {
            if (inputStream != null) {
                try {
                    inputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/wabiaozia/article/details/50221945

附出现的问题及解决方案：
1 错误The request sent by the client was syntactically incorrect ()的解决
这个错误是SpringMVC报出来的，见到它意味着html/jsp页面的控件名称和 controller里函数的参数不符。
http://www.cnblogs.com/xiandedanteng/p/4168609.html

java.io.FileNotFoundException: D:\uploadFile (拒绝访问。)
    at java.io.FileOutputStream.open0(Native Method)
    at java.io.FileOutputStream.open(FileOutputStream.java:270)
    at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(FileOutputStream.java:213)
    at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(FileOutputStream.java:101)

原因在实例化File file=new File(fileAllName);的时候fileAllName是一个目录
而在下面这就就报上面的异常了。
FileWriter fw=new FileWriter(file);
解决办法，将fileAllName具体到文件名字。
参考网站：http://blog.csdn.net/truong/article/details/8524750

3
InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
bufferedreader出现乱码
解决方案：
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream,”GB2312”);
参考网站：http://nneverwei.iteye.com/blog/490884

4 下载文件
触发一个请求，系统读取文件，然后通过输入输出流输出到响应中。

@RequestMapping("download")
    public void download(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) {
        OutputStream outputStream = null;
        InputStream inputStream=null;
        try {
            outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
            response.setContentType("application/octet-stream;charset=UTF-8");// 设置文件输出类型
            response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename="
                    + new String("错误工资记录.txt".getBytes("utf-8"), "ISO8859-1"));//设置下载的文件名

            /*String basePath01 = request.getScheme() + "://"
                    + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
                    + request.getContextPath() + "/";
            String basePath02=this.getRequestBasePath(request);*/

            String baseAbsoluteFilePath=request.getServletContext().getRealPath("");//获取的是项目在磁盘中的绝对路径，最后包括"\"

            String fileRelativePath="doc/html.txt";//文件相对于webRoot的路径

            inputStream=new FileInputStream(baseAbsoluteFilePath+fileRelativePath);
            byte[] buff=new byte[1024];
            Integer readLength=0;
            while((readLength=inputStream.read(buff,0,buff.length))>0){
                outputStream.write(buff, 0, readLength);
            }
            outputStream.close();
            inputStream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

下载时不可用ajax，应该用ajaxfileupload。
如果被下载的文件在WebRoot下，可通过request.getServletContext().getRealPath(“”);获取项目在磁盘中的绝对路径，
参考：http://blog.csdn.net/tomcat_2014/article/details/50624120
下载参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/jxldjsn/p/5671578.html