python3实现可切片的对象

声明：参考B站视频，自学成长记录
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Cq4y1Q7Qv?p=29

默认情况对象不支持切片操作

class Group:
    '''默认情况'''

    def __init__(self, group_name, staffs):
        self.group_name = group_name
        self.staffs = staffs


staffs = ['bll1', 'bll2', 'bll3', 'bll4']
group = Group(group_name='小组1', staffs=staffs)

try:
    # 切片 - 取区间
    group[:2]
except Exception as e:
    print(e)        # 'Group' object is not subscriptable   不可下标
finally:
    # 切片 - 取某个索引得值
    group[0]        # TypeError: 'Group' object does not support indexing  不支持索引

通过__getitem__魔法函数实现可切片的对象

import numbers


class Group:
    '''实现切片操作'''

    def __init__(self, group_name, staffs):
        self.group_name = group_name
        self.staffs = staffs

    # 实现切片
    def __getitem__(self, item):
        # 获取自身得类型
        cls = type(self)
        # 判断传入item是否为slice类型
        if isinstance(item, slice):
            return cls(group_name=self.group_name, staffs=self.staffs[item])
        # 判断传入item是否为整数类型
        elif isinstance(item, numbers.Integral):
            return cls(group_name=self.group_name, staffs=[self.staffs[item]])

    # 获取长度
    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.staffs)

    # 迭代器
    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.staffs)

    # 反转字符串
    def __reversed__(self):
        self.staffs.reverse()

    # 判断字符串是否存在
    def __contains__(self, item):
        if item in self.staffs:
            return True
        else:
            return False


staffs = ['bll1', 'bll2', 'bll3', 'bll4']
group = Group(group_name='小组1', staffs=staffs)

# 切片
print(group[::2].staffs)     # ['bll1', 'bll3']

# 长度
print(len(group))           # 4

# 判断子字符串是否存在
if 'bll1' in group:
    print('yes')
else:
    print('no')

# 遍历
for g in group:
    print(g)

# 反转
reversed(group)
print(group.staffs)         # ['bll4', 'bll3', 'bll2', 'bll1']