mysql多实例运行

mysql多实例运行

前言： 多实例运行mysql有很多途径，如mysqld_multi和统一二进制安装等。这次因为前期已经通过yum方式安装mysql，后期因业务需要在不中断当前数据库的情况下，安装第二个实例。ps：一般来说这种情况很少遇见。

一、下载安装mysql

1、下载mysql二进制安装包

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.40-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

^_官网下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

2、解压至/usr/local/，并将文件夹改名为mysql

tar -xzf mysql-5.7.40-el7-x86_64.tar.gz –C /usr/local/ 
mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.40-el7-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

3、 编辑mysql数据配置文件

cat <<EOF > /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3307
user=mysql
#指定socket路径
socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/mysql3307.sock
#指定pid存放路径
pid_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/my3307.pid
#设置MySQL的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
#设置MySQL数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
symbolic-links=0

#log日志
log-error=/var/log/mysql-3307/mysql-3307.log
log_bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/mysql-bin
relay_log=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/relay-bin
slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/slow.log
slow_query_log=on

#这里的server-id是用于标识主从复制库的
server-id=3307

#innodb settings
innodb_buffer_pool_size=128M
#无密码登录
#skip-grant-tables
#开启PGID
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
EOF

4、创建数据库目录，日志目录并赋予权限,调整用户，组所属

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /var/log/mysql-3307 && chown mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql-3307 -R

二、初始化数据库

1、到/usr/local/mysql下执行数据库初始化

cd /usr/local/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf  --initialize

2、启动数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/mysql/my3307.cnf 

3、修改密码

cat /var/log/mysql-3307/mysql-3307.log  | grep password
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/mysql3307.sock

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '<密码>';
create user 'user'@'%' identified by '<密码>';
grant all on *.* to 'user'@'%';

三、设置服务自启动

1、编辑服务文件vim /etc/init.d/mysql3307

#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind
# MySQL daemon start/stop script.
# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.
# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start:  2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
# Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO
# If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
# - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
# - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
#   [mysqld]
#   basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
# - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
#   and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
#   below.
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.
#设置mysql默认配置
#mysql目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
#数据库目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307
#服务启动超时
service_startup_timeout=900
#应用锁，相同服务避免重名
lockdir='/var/lock/subsys'
lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql3307"
#mysqlpid文件
mysqld_pid_file_path=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307/my3307.pid
if test -z "$basedir"
then
  basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  fi
  sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi
# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_3307
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
  . $lsb_functions
else
  log_success_msg()
  {
    echo " SUCCESS! $@"
  }
  log_failure_msg()
  {
    echo " ERROR! $@"
  }
fi

#PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
#export PATH

mode=$1    # start or stop

[ $# -ge 1 ] && shift
other_args="$*"   # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
           # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
           # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
           # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.

case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
    *c*,-n*) echo_n=   echo_c=     ;;
    *c*,*)   echo_n=-n echo_c=     ;;
    *)       echo_n=   echo_c='\c' ;;
esac

parse_server_arguments() {
  for arg do
    case "$arg" in
      --basedir=*)  basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
                    bindir="$basedir/bin"
		    if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
		      datadir="$basedir/data"
		    fi
		    sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
		    libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
       ;;
      --datadir=*)  datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
		    datadir_set=1
	;;
      --pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
      --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
    esac
  done
}

wait_for_pid () {
  verb="$1"           # created | removed
  pid="$2"            # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
  pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file.

  i=0
  avoid_race_condition="by checking again"

  while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do

    case "$verb" in
      'created')
        # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
        test -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
        ;;
      'removed')
        # wait for this PID-file to disappear
        test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
        ;;
      *)
        echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac
    
    # if server isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
    if test -n "$pid"; then
      if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
        :  # the server still runs
      else
        # The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.  
        if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
          avoid_race_condition=""
          continue  # Check again.
        fi
    
        # there's nothing that will affect the file.
        log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."
        return 1  # not waiting any more.
      fi
    fi
    
    echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
    i=`expr $i + 1`
    sleep 1

  done

  if test -z "$i" ; then
    log_success_msg
    return 0
  else
    log_failure_msg
    return 1
  fi
}

# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,

# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
#确定my_print_defaults程序位置
print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"


  # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it

#

# Read defaults file from 'basedir'.   If there is no defaults file there

# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#指定mysql配置文件
extra_args="-c $basedir/my.cnf"

parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`

case "$mode" in
  'start')
    # Start daemon

    # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
    cd $basedir
    
    echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
    if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
    then
      # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
      # may be overwritten at next upgrade.
      $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null &
      wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
    
      # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -w "$lockdir"
      then
        touch "$lock_file_path"
      fi
    
      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
    fi
    ;;

  'stop')
    # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
    # root password.

    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
    then
      # signal mysqld_safe that it needs to stop
      touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path.shutdown"
    
      mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`
    
      if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)
      then
        echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
        kill $mysqld_pid
        # mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.
        wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"
        rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      fi
    
      # Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -f "$lock_file_path"
      then
        rm -f "$lock_file_path"
      fi
      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!"
    fi
    ;;

  'restart')
    # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
    # running or not, start it again.
    if $0 stop  $other_args; then
      $0 start $other_args
    else
      log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;

  'reload'|'force-reload')
    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
      read mysqld_pid <  "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
      touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;
  'status')
    # First, check to see if pid file exists
    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then 
      read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then 
        log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
        exit 0
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
        exit 1
      fi
    else
      # Try to find appropriate mysqld process
      mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`

      # test if multiple pids exist
      pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
      if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
        log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
        exit 5
      elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then 
        if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then 
          log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"
          exit 2
        fi 
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
        exit 3
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
        exit 4
      fi
    fi
    ;;
    *)
      # usage
      basename=`basename "$0"`
      echo "Usage: $basename  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]"
      exit 1
    ;;

esac

exit 0

2、设置自启动服务

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql3307
chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/mysql3307
systemctl start mysql3307.service