获取集合中所有键的名称

本文翻译自：Get names of all keys in the collection

I'd like to get the names of all the keys in a MongoDB collection. 我想获取MongoDB集合中所有键的名称。

For example, from this: 例如，从此：

db.things.insert( { type : ['dog', 'cat'] } );
db.things.insert( { egg : ['cat'] } );
db.things.insert( { type : [] } );
db.things.insert( { hello : []  } );

I'd like to get the unique keys: 我想获得唯一的键：

type, egg, hello

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#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/9e2Y/获取集合中所有键的名称

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#2楼

以克里斯蒂娜的答案为灵感，我创建了一个名为Variety的开源工具，该工具正是这样做的： https : //github.com/variety/variety

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#3楼

Try this: 尝试这个：

doc=db.thinks.findOne();
for (key in doc) print(key);

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#4楼

I have 1 simpler work around... 我有1个更简单的解决方法...

What you can do is while inserting data/document into your main collection "things" you must insert the attributes in 1 separate collection lets say "things_attributes". 您可以做的是在将数据/文档插入主集合“事物”时，必须在1个单独的集合中插入属性，例如“ things_attributes”。

so every time you insert in "things", you do get from "things_attributes" compare values of that document with your new document keys if any new key present append it in that document and again re-insert it. 因此，每次插入“事物”时，您都会从“ things_attributes”中获得该文档的值与新文档密钥的比较，如果存在任何新密钥，则将该文档附加到该文档中，然后再次将其重新插入。

So things_attributes will have only 1 document of unique keys which you can easily get when ever you require by using findOne() 因此Things_attributes只有1个唯一键文档，您可以通过使用findOne（）在需要时轻松获得

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#5楼

I extended Carlos LM's solution a bit so it's more detailed. 我扩展了Carlos LM的解决方案，因此更加详细。

Example of a schema: 模式示例：

var schema = {
    _id: 123,
    id: 12,
    t: 'title',
    p: 4.5,
    ls: [{
            l: 'lemma',
            p: {
                pp: 8.9
            }
        },
         {
            l: 'lemma2',
            p: {
               pp: 8.3
           }
        }
    ]
};

Type into the console: 输入控制台：

var schemafy = function(schema, i, limit) {
    var i = (typeof i !== 'undefined') ? i : 1;
    var limit = (typeof limit !== 'undefined') ? limit : false;
    var type = '';
    var array = false;

    for (key in schema) {
        type = typeof schema[key];
        array = (schema[key] instanceof Array) ? true : false;

        if (type === 'object') {
            print(Array(i).join('    ') + key+' <'+((array) ? 'array' : type)+'>:');
            schemafy(schema[key], i+1, array);
        } else {
            print(Array(i).join('    ') + key+' <'+type+'>');
        }

        if (limit) {
            break;
        }
    }
}

Run: 跑：

schemafy(db.collection.findOne());

Output 输出量

_id <number>
id <number>
t <string>
p <number>
ls <object>:
    0 <object>:
    l <string>
    p <object>:
        pp <number> 

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#6楼

You could do this with MapReduce: 您可以使用MapReduce做到这一点：

mr = db.runCommand({
  "mapreduce" : "my_collection",
  "map" : function() {
    for (var key in this) { emit(key, null); }
  },
  "reduce" : function(key, stuff) { return null; }, 
  "out": "my_collection" + "_keys"
})

Then run distinct on the resulting collection so as to find all the keys: 然后在结果集合上进行非重复运行，以便找到所有键：

db[mr.result].distinct("_id")
["foo", "bar", "baz", "_id", ...]