linux从入门到精通第一章centos7里tomcat，jdk，httpd，mysql57，mysql80的安装

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已于 2023-07-04 02:05:04 修改

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分类专栏： # 五 linux+docker 文章标签： linux java tomcat

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/CNMBZY/article/details/130251113

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配置centos运行环境

一安装httpd,tomcat,jdk,mysql
重头戏，设置与修改密码
- 给root授权:既可以本地访问, 也可以远程访问
- 刷新权限(可选)
三 MySql的安装

一安装httpd,tomcat,jdk,mysql

1 安装httpd

下载httpd

       yum -y install httpd

关闭防火墙

      systemctl stop firewalld

启动httpd的服务

 service httpd start

浏览器里输入主机号

    http://192.168.80.121:80

显示效果如图所示

在这里插入图片描述

2 安装tomcat

先装完java
后装tomcat
-操作流程

   第一步
   76  mkdir /usr/tomcat
   # 77  ll
   第二步
   78  chmod 777 apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz
   # 79  ll
   80  tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz
   # 81  ll
   #  82  tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz -C  /usr/java
   83  tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz -C  /usr/tomcat
   # 84  ll
   # 85  cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.57/bin/
   # 86  cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.57/bin
   87  cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/
   # 88  ll
   89  ./startup.sh

运行结果

最后也可以搞个组合命令

tail -200f /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.57/logs/catalina.out

1、创建安装目录：mkdir /usr/tomcat
2、给apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz 文件权限
3、解压tomcat压缩文件： tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz -C /user/tomcat
注意，这里也可以只打开tomcat所需端口：8080
4、启动tomcat：
进入tomcat的bin目录： cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.57/bin/
启动tomcat web服务器： ./startup.sh
访问： 192.168.80.100:8080
5、停止tomcat
： ./shutdown.sh
6、查看tomcat日志信息：
200表示最后显示行数
也可以用组合命令，启动并查看日志：
进入tomcat的bin目录
/startup.sh && tail -200f …/logs/catalina.out

3 安装jdk

查看以前是否装了openjdk

rpm -qa | grep java

安装核心指令

     chmod 777 jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz
     ll
     tar -zxvf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz
     #安装到指定目录
     tar -zxvf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/java

配置环境变量

 vi /etc/profile

在底部追加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_261/
export
CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/rt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/dt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}/bin

重启环境变量

source /etc/profile

java -version

运行结果
查看日志信息

tail -200f /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/logs/catalina.out

查看日志与启动服务一起

./startup.sh && tail -200f ../logs/catalina.out

关闭服务

 ./shutdown.sh

4.通过yum安装jdk

这个方式默认是OpenJDK，其实用起来区别不是很大，只不过open更开放一点

编辑环境变量
vim etc/profile/

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.372.b07-1.el7_9.x86_64
export
CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/rt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/dt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}@)/bin

5 通过yum安装tomcat

Tomcat默认安装路径/usr/share/tomcat/
定到这个位置查一下

[root@localhost jvm]# ls -l /usr/share/tomcat/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   76 Jul  3 09:22 bin
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root tomcat 11 Jul  3 09:22 conf -> /etc/tomcat
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root tomcat 22 Jul  3 09:22 lib -> /usr/share/java/tomcat
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root tomcat 15 Jul  3 09:22 logs -> /var/log/tomcat
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root tomcat 22 Jul  3 09:22 temp -> /var/cache/tomcat/temp
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root tomcat 23 Jul  3 09:22 webapps -> /var/lib/tomcat/webapps
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root tomcat 22 Jul  3 09:22 work -> /var/cache/tomcat/work

重启生效

source /etc/profile

这种方式存在一个问题，下的tomcat包，有些组件没有

6通过yum安装mysql

yum万能，其实也可以装mysql，试了这几种方式全部完蛋

重头戏，设置与修改密码

[root@localhost software]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld (via systemctl):                           [  OK  ]
[root@localhost software]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost software]# mysql -uroot -proot
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted
[root@localhost software]#  >/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost software]#  vi /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost software]# service mysqld restart
Restarting mysqld (via systemctl):  
                                                           [  OK  ]
[root@localhost software]# 
[root@localhost software]# grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
-bash: grant: command not found
[root@localhost software]# mysql -uroot -proot
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted

ALTER USER `root`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';

mysql.user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD(‘root’), plugin=‘mysql_native_password’ WHERE user=‘root’;
最后上终极方案
连不上navicat

在这里插入图片描述
原因: 因为用户没有远程访问的权限
解决: 授权

给root授权:既可以本地访问, 也可以远程访问

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;

刷新权限(可选)

flush privileges;



mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

在这里插入图片描述

三 MySql的安装

1 克隆出来两台虚拟机

直接关闭掉，然后点击虚拟机名称，一直修改就可以

2 配置虚拟机

mac地址
1.网络适配器，高级

2.点生成mac地址，多点两下
主机名
因为我没有设置主机名，所以这一步可以不更改，毕竟主机名的作用就是IP地址的一个别名
IP地址

修改ip：192.168.80.121
为： 192.168.80.122
UUID
修改一位就行
重启虚拟机

 systemctl restart network

3 链接xhsell

在这里插入图片描述

4 链接xftp

在这里插入图片描述
把mysql安装包传上去

5 mysql8的安装

1 给tmp文件提升权限

chmod -R 777 /tmp

2 安装前检查依赖，如果不存在，就重新安装

  128  rpm -qa|grep libaio
  129  rpm -qa|grep net-tools
  130  yum install net-tools
  131  rpm -qa|grep net-tools

3 安装时依次执行下列命令

134  cd /opt
  135  ll
  136  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  137  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  # 138  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  139  yum remove mysql-libs
  140  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 # 141  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  142  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  143  history
  144  rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  #  145   mysql -version
  146   mysql --version

4 安装成功

[root@localhost opt]#  mysql --version
mysql  Ver 8.0.25 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

5 服务初始化

这一步初始化完成后会生成一个初始化密码

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

查看生成的初始密码是什么

[root@localhost opt]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-04-20T10:40:52.202809Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.25) initializing of server in progress as process 1669
2023-04-20T10:40:52.209496Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2023-04-20T10:40:52.906412Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2023-04-20T10:40:53.523745Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: %=5NuG>6Y25p
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

启动服务并查看状态

[root@localhost opt]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl status mysqld

在这里插入图片描述
开机自启动的一些测试

[root@localhost opt]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service
mysqld.service                                enabled 
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl disable mysqld.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service
mysqld.service                                disabled
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl enabled mysqld.service
Unknown operation 'enabled'.
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service
mysqld.service                                enabled

登录并修改密码

[root@localhost opt]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.25

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases
    -> ;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

测试创建一个数据库

mysql> create database xieyitang;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| xieyitang          |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6 mysql5.7的安装

1 给tmp文件提升权限

chmod -R 777 /tmp

2 安装前检查依赖，如果不存在，就重新安装

  128  rpm -qa|grep libaio
  129  rpm -qa|grep net-tools
  130  yum install net-tools
  131  rpm -qa|grep net-tools

3 安装时依次执行下列命令

  127  cd /opt
  128  ll
  129  chmod  -R  777 /tmp
  130  rpm -qa|grep libaio
  131  rpm -qa|grep net-tools
  132  yum install net-tools
  133  ll
  134  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  135  yum install net-tools
  136  rpm -qa|grep net-tools
  137  yum install net-tools
  138  rpm -qa|grep net-tools
  139  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  140  yum remove mysql-libs
  141  ll
  142  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  143  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  144  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  145  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  146  rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  147  mysql --version
  148  mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
  149  cat /var/log/mysqld.log
  150  systemctl status mysqld
  151  systemctl start mysqld
  152  systemctl status mysqld
  153  systemctl list-unit-files|grep
  154  systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service
  155  mysql -uroot -p
  156  history

4 安装成功

[root@localhost opt]# mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.28, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

5 进入mysql中修改密码

[root@localhost opt]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases
    -> ;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> aLTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

 1  yum install wget
    2  mkdir /usr/software
    3  wget -P /usr/software http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
    4  pwd
    5  cd usr
    6  cd /usr
    7  cd /software
    8  cd /software/
    9  cd software
   10  ll
   11  rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
   12  yum -y install mysql-community-server
   13  rpm -qa|grep mysql
   14  yum install initscripts
   15  service mysqld start
   16  /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root'
   17  mysql -uroot -proot
   18   >/etc/my.cnf
   19   vi /etc/my.cnf
   20  service mysqld restart
   21  grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
   22  mysql -uroot -proot
   23  systemctl stop firewalld
   24  yum -y install httpd
   25  service httpd start
   26  systemctl disable firewalld
   27  mkdir /usr/tomcat
   28  chmod 777 apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz
   29  chmod 777 apache-tomcat-7.0.61.tar.gz
   30   tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz -C /user/tomcat
   31   tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz -C /usr/tomcat
   32   tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.61.tar.gz -C /usr/tomcat
   33  ll
   34  cd /usr/tomcat
   35  ll
   36  ./startup.sh && tail -200f ../logs/catalina.out
   37  cd bin
   38  ll
   39  cd apache-tomcat-7.0.61
   40  cd bin
   41  ll
   42  ./startup.sh && tail -200f ../logs/catalina.out
   43   rpm -qa | grep java
   44  cd /usr
   45  mkdir java
   46  cd java
   47  chmod 755  jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz
   48  tar –zxvf jdk-7u71-linux-x64.tar.gz
   49  tar –zxvf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz
   50  tar –-zxvf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz
   51  tar -zxvf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz
   52  java -version
   53  java --version
   54  vi /etc/profile/
   55  vi /etc/profile
   56  ./startup.sh && tail -200f ../logs/catalina.out
   57  cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.61
   58  ll
   59  cd bin
   60  ./startup.sh && tail -200f ../logs/catalina.out
   61  source /etc/profile
   62  java -version
   63  ./startup.sh && tail -200f ../logs/catalina.out
   64  history