LeetCode 热题 HOT 100 (025/100)【宇宙最简单版】

【二叉树】No. 0124 二叉树中的最大路径和 【困难】👉力扣对应题目指路

希望对你有帮助呀!!💜💜 如有更好理解的思路,欢迎大家留言补充 ~ 一起加油叭 💦
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题目描述:二叉树中的 路径 被定义为一条节点序列,序列中每对相邻节点之间都存在一条边。同一个节点在一条路径序列中 至多出现一次 。该路径 至少包含一个 节点,且不一定经过根节点。

  • 路径和 是路径中各节点值的总和

  • 示例:
    输入:root = [-10,9,20,null,null,15,7]
    输出:42
    解释:最优路径是 15 -> 20 -> 7 ,路径和为 15 + 20 + 7 = 42

🔥 思路:需要结合左、右孩子的情况确定以当前节点为中间点时的最优路径和,所以采用 后续遍历

  • 当前节点 node 为中间点时的最优路径和由 node.val + left_result + right_result 计算获得
    • left_resultright_result 计算时仅能选择其左、右孩子中的一个

⭐题目准备之后续遍历:一定要先掌握后续遍历 ❗❗❗ 放在最后面啦,供不熟悉的友友参考~


参考如上思路,给出详细步骤如下:

  • 步骤一⭐确定递归函数 traversal 参数及返回值
    • 参数:需要根据当前节点 current,…
      • 计算当前节点 node 为中间点时的最优路径和 temp_max = node.val + left_result + right_result 【💥 重要】
        • 漏掉这一步的话,会误解如【本文开头示例】所示的情况
      • 计算当前节点 node 为单侧中继点时的部分最优路径和 node.val + max(left_result, right_result) 💡
    • 返回值:当前节点 node 为单侧中继点时的部分最优路径和 💡
  • 步骤二⭐确定递归终止条件: 走到了 None 节点
  • 步骤三⭐确定单层递归逻辑-后序处理:根据左、右子树的递归返回值情况,确定当前节点的返回值
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def __init__(self):
        self.max = -1000
    
    def maxPathSum(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> int:
        def traversal(node):  # ------------------------------------- step 1
            if node == None: return 0  # ---------------------------- step 2
			# ------------------------------------------------------- step 3
            left_result     = max(traversal(node.left),0)
            right_result    = max(traversal(node.right),0)

            temp_max = node.val + left_result + right_result  ## 【💥 重要】
            self.max = max(self.max, temp_max)

            return node.val + max(left_result, right_result)  ## 💡

        traversal(root)
        return self.max


⭐⭐⭐ 题目准备之后续遍历:一定要先掌握后续遍历 ❗❗❗

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

class Solution(object):
    def lowestCommonAncestor(self, root, p, q):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :type p: TreeNode
        :type q: TreeNode
        :rtype: TreeNode
        """
        self.result = []

        def traversal(current):
            if current == None:
                return
            print('-------------------------Hi, node: ', current.val)
            traversal(current.left)
            traversal(current.right)
            print('----- current_val: ', current.val)  // 观察此处的处理顺序,是后序
            self.result.append(current.val)
        
        traversal(root)  ## self.result: [6, 7, 4, 2, 5, 0, 8, 1, 3]
  • 对应的输出结果如下:
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 3)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 5)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 6)
    ('----- current_val: ', 6)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 2)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 7)
    ('----- current_val: ', 7)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 4)
    ('----- current_val: ', 4)
    ('----- current_val: ', 2)
    ('----- current_val: ', 5)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 1)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 0)
    ('----- current_val: ', 0)
    ('-------------------------Hi, node: ', 8)
    ('----- current_val: ', 8)
    ('----- current_val: ', 1)
    ('----- current_val: ', 3)
    
    

希望对你有帮助呀!!💜💜 如有更好理解的思路,欢迎大家留言补充 ~ 一起加油叭 💦
🔥 LeetCode 热题 HOT 100

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1. Two Sum 2. Add Two Numbers 3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays 5. Longest Palindromic Substring 6. ZigZag Conversion 7. Reverse Integer 8. String to Integer (atoi) 9. Palindrome Number 10. Regular Expression Matching 11. Container With Most Water 12. Integer to Roman 13. Roman to Integer 14. Longest Common Prefix 15. 3Sum 16. 3Sum Closest 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number 18. 4Sum 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List 20. Valid Parentheses 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists 22. Generate Parentheses 23. Swap Nodes in Pairs 24. Reverse Nodes in k-Group 25. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array 26. Remove Element 27. Implement strStr() 28. Divide Two Integers 29. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 30. Next Permutation 31. Longest Valid Parentheses 32. Search in Rotated Sorted Array 33. Search for a Range 34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array 35. Valid Sudoku 36. Sudoku Solver 37. Count and Say 38. Combination Sum 39. Combination Sum II 40. First Missing Positive 41. Trapping Rain Water 42. Jump Game 43. Merge Intervals 44. Insert Interval 45. Unique Paths 46. Minimum Path Sum 47. Climbing Stairs 48. Permutations 49. Permutations II 50. Rotate Image 51. Group Anagrams 52. Pow(x, n) 53. Maximum Subarray 54. Spiral Matrix 55. Jump Game II 56. Merge k Sorted Lists 57. Insertion Sort List 58. Sort List 59. Largest Rectangle in Histogram 60. Valid Number 61. Word Search 62. Minimum Window Substring 63. Unique Binary Search Trees 64. Unique Binary Search Trees II 65. Interleaving String 66. Maximum Product Subarray 67. Binary Tree Inorder Traversal 68. Binary Tree Preorder Traversal 69. Binary Tree Postorder Traversal 70. Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List 71. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal 72. Construct Binary Tree from Inorder and Postorder Traversal 73. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal 74. Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal 75. Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree 76. Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree 77. Recover Binary Search Tree 78. Sum Root to Leaf Numbers 79. Path Sum 80. Path Sum II 81. Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum 82. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node 83. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node II 84. Reverse Linked List 85. Reverse Linked List II 86. Partition List 87. Rotate List 88. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List 89. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II 90. Intersection of Two Linked Lists 91. Linked List Cycle 92. Linked List Cycle II 93. Reorder List 94. Binary Tree Upside Down 95. Binary Tree Right Side View 96. Palindrome Linked List 97. Convert Binary Search Tree to Sorted Doubly Linked List 98. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree 99. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree 100. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II
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