Advanced Cargo Movement, Ltd. uses trucks of different types. Some trucks are used for vegetable delivery, other for furniture, or for bricks. The company has its own code describing each type of a truck. The code is simply a string of exactly seven lowercase letters (each letter on each position has a very special meaning but that is unimportant for this task). At the beginning of company's history, just a single truck type was used but later other types were derived from it, then from the new types another types were derived, and so on.
Today, ACM is rich enough to pay historians to study its history. One thing historians tried to find out is so called derivation plan -- i.e. how the truck types were derived. They defined the distance of truck types as the number of positions with different letters in truck type codes. They also assumed that each truck type was derived from exactly one other truck type (except for the first truck type which was not derived from any other type). The quality of a derivation plan was then defined as
1/Σ(to,td)d(to,td)
where the sum goes over all pairs of types in the derivation plan such that t o is the original type and t d the type derived from it and d(t o,t d) is the distance of the types.
Since historians failed, you are to write a program to help them. Given the codes of truck types, your program should find the highest possible quality of a derivation plan.
Today, ACM is rich enough to pay historians to study its history. One thing historians tried to find out is so called derivation plan -- i.e. how the truck types were derived. They defined the distance of truck types as the number of positions with different letters in truck type codes. They also assumed that each truck type was derived from exactly one other truck type (except for the first truck type which was not derived from any other type). The quality of a derivation plan was then defined as
where the sum goes over all pairs of types in the derivation plan such that t o is the original type and t d the type derived from it and d(t o,t d) is the distance of the types.
Since historians failed, you are to write a program to help them. Given the codes of truck types, your program should find the highest possible quality of a derivation plan.
The input consists of several test cases. Each test case begins with a line containing the number of truck types, N, 2 <= N <= 2 000. Each of the following N lines of input contains one truck type code (a string of seven lowercase letters). You may assume that the codes uniquely describe the trucks, i.e., no two of these N lines are the same. The input is terminated with zero at the place of number of truck types.
For each test case, your program should output the text "The highest possible quality is 1/Q.", where 1/Q is the quality of the best derivation plan.
4 aaaaaaa baaaaaa abaaaaa aabaaaa 0
The highest possible quality is 1/3.
题的意思有点不容易理解,根据题意建图,首先是n个点(每个点是一个长度为7的字符串),点与点之间的权值就是字符串之间不同的字符个数,然后建图求最小生成树即可,然后输出最小值。具体请看代码
接下来是Prim写法:
#include <string> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; #define inf 0x3f3f3f3f int dis[2006]; int book[2005]; char s[2005][10]; int e[2005][2005]; int differ(int x, int y) {//找不同 int ans = 0; for(int i = 0; i < 7; i++) { if(s[x][i] != s[y][i]) { ans++; } } return ans; } void Prim(int n) { book[1] = 1; for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { int mn = inf, p; bool flag = true; for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++) { if(!book[j] && mn > dis[j]) { p = j; mn = dis[j]; flag = false; } } if(flag) break; book[p] = 1; for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++) { if(book[j]) continue; if(dis[j] > e[p][j]) { dis[j] = e[p][j]; } } } } int main() { int n; while(~scanf("%d", &n) && n) { for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { scanf("%s", s[i]); } for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) { for(int j = i+1; j <= n; j++) { e[i][j] = e[j][i] = differ(i , j);//建图 } } for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {//初始化 book[i] = 0; dis[i] = e[1][i]; } Prim(n); int sum = 0; for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++) { sum += dis[i]; } printf("The highest possible quality is 1/%d.\n", sum); } return 0; }