Docker这个容器技术已经非常成熟了，市面上用的公司也特别多，我呢也经常用，也被这Docker经常坑，像什么mysql镜像版本更新后远程无法连接咯，什么虚拟机或者虚拟ip使用Docker搭建Nginx外部无法访问咯，再像这个ES启动报错！！！哎，小场面，不要慌。下面开机！！！
环境准备
1.java环境一个
2.Docker环境一个
开始搭建
1.检查java环境
java -version
这里教大家一个快速切换java环境的命令
update-alternatives --config java
输入对应的数字回车即可
2.拉取ES镜像
docker pull elasticsearch:7.4.2
这里最好指定一下版本，后面还要搭配Kibana一起使用
3.创建对应目录、文件
这一步其实可做可不做，看自己的需求，如果需要将配置、数据、插件挂载到外部，那么就要这一步
在ES的工作目录下创建config、data、plugins，其中config目录下创建elasticsearch.yml文件
这个文件挂载是特别特别坑，真的是神坑，这里需要注意格式
(空格)key:(空格)value
#设置远程访问
http.host: 0.0.0.0
保存即可
4.启动
docker run --name es -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx128m" -e "discovery.type=single-node" -v /data/es/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml -v /data/es/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data -v /data/es/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins -d elasticsearch:7.4.2
这里解释一下，-v是目录挂载 -e是ES的启动配置参数 -p是映射端口 -d后台启动
其中-e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx128m"是设置占用内存大小，一般线上检索服务器-ES服务器32G，这里就小一点测试，-e "discovery.type=single-node"这个是设置单节点运行
5.查看ES容器状态
docker ps
6.查看ES容器启动成功日志
这一步虽说有点多余不过等下回演示保存情况
7.远程访问测试
好，那么到这里的正常操作就ok了，下面在演示异常情况
ES启动异常
这里的一个jdk版本警告可以忽略
1.外部挂载目录权限
保存日志大概长这样
Exception in thread "main" 2018-06-03 17:36:23,881 main ERROR No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Set system property ‘log4j2.debug‘ to show Log4j2 internal initialization logging.
2018-06-03 17:36:24,113 main ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("javax.management.MBeanTrustPermission" "register")
at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(AccessControlContext.java:472)
at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(SecurityManager.java:585)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.checkMBeanTrustPermission(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:1848)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.registerMBean(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:322)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.registerMBean(JmxMBeanServer.java:522)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.register(Server.java:389)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:167)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:140)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:556)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:617)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:634)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:229)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:242)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:45)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getContext(LogManager.java:174)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(LogManager.java:618)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:54)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:62)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.Loggers.getLogger(Loggers.java:101)
at org.elasticsearch.ExceptionsHelper.<clinit>(ExceptionsHelper.java:42)
at org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException.toString(ElasticsearchException.java:663)
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
at java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:821)
at java.lang.Throwable$WrappedPrintStream.println(Throwable.java:748)
at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:655)
at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:643)
at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1061)
at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1052)
at java.lang.Thread.dispatchUncaughtException(Thread.java:1959)
SettingsException[Failed to load settings from /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml]; nested: AccessDeniedException[/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml];
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:102)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:72)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.newByteChannel(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:214)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:361)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:407)
at java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider.newInputStream(FileSystemProvider.java:384)
at java.nio.file.Files.newInputStream(Files.java:152)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1032)
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:100)
... 6 more
解决方案
将es的操作目录权限放开即可
chown -R ela /es的目录
2.操作用户为root用户
这是因为ES有个安全保护策略，具体原因我也懒得去查，我这里只提供解决方案！
[2017-12-20T17:01:47,922][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [node-1] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:125) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:112) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:85) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:104) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:171) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:322) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:121) ~[elasticsearch-6.1.1.jar:6.1.1]
... 6 more
解决方案！
1.使用root角色创建ela用户
//创建角色
adduser ela
//设置密码（这里长度最好大于8位）
passwd ela
2.ela角色创建好了切换到ela用户下
sudo ela sudo找不到命令改为su
输入密码
使用docker启动
这时使用ela用户操作docker会报错，这是因为ela不在docker用户组里面，没有权限使用docker这些命令
报错信息
Got permission denied while trying to connect to the Docker daemon socket at.....
3.切换root用户角色，给docker添加ela用户
sudo groupadd docker #添加docker用户组
sudo gpasswd -a $USER docker #将登陆用户加入到docker用户组中
newgrp docker #更新用户组
4.切换到ela用户下启动即可
3.elasticsearch.yml配置文件格式错误
[root@localhost config]# docker logs es
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.
2020-07-08 14:30:14,828 main ERROR No Log4j 2 configuration file found. Using default configuration (logging only errors to the console), or user programmatically provided configurations . Set system property 'log4j2.debug' to show Log4j 2 internal initialization logging. See https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/configuration.html for instructions on how to config ure Log4j 2
Exception in thread "main" SettingsException[Failed to load settings from [elasticsearch.yml]]; nested: ParsingException[Failed to parse object: expecting token of type [START_OBJECT] bu t found [VALUE_STRING]];
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromStream(Settings.java:1097)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1070)
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:83)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:95)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:125)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92)
Caused by: ParsingException[Failed to parse object: expecting token of type [START_OBJECT] but found [VALUE_STRING]]
at org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentParserUtils.ensureExpectedToken(XContentParserUtils.java:78)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.fromXContent(Settings.java:617)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.access$400(Settings.java:82)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromStream(Settings.java:1093)
... 8 more
真确的key和value格式
这是报错的配置
解决方案(空格)key:(空格)value
注意：如果碰到报错如下
"stacktrace": ["org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: ElasticsearchException[failed to bind service]; nested: AccessDeniedException[/usr/share/elasticsearch/data/nodes];",
这是并不是docker中的目录权限不足，而是docker挂在宿主机目录的权限不足，需要为data、config、plugin分别给权限
chmod 777 /...elasticsearch/data
chmod 777 /...elasticsearch/conf
chmod 777 /...elasticsearch/plugin
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