Gtk+-3.0实例2. GtkTreeView+GtkTreeModel应用

CS_Jack

已于 2023-01-11 15:30:31 修改

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分类专栏： GTK编程文章标签： c语言 c++

于 2023-01-05 23:52:03 首次发布

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Tree View Tutorial

1. 相关构件说明
2. GLib 类型系统（GType）说明
3. 一个简单的list实例
4. 一个带选择框的tree实例（来自gtk3-demo)

1. 相关构件说明

GtkTreeView ：一种灵活的可显示单列或多列lists和trees的构件，用于替代Gtk1.2版本中的GtkClist和GtkCTree两种构件。
GtkTreeModel ：一种用于存储数据的构件。
GtkTreeViewColumn + GtkCellRenderer ：联合使用，用于决定要在GtkTreeView构件中以什么样的形式来显示数据。

2. GLib 类型系统（GType）说明

Glib类型系统（GType）用于表示存储在模型列表中数据的数据类型，以下是常用的数据类型（The GLib type system (GType) is used to indicate what type of data is stored in a model column. These are the most commonly used types）:

G_TYPE_BOOLEAN
G_TYPE_INT, G_TYPE_UINT
G_TYPE_LONG, G_TYPE_ULONG, G_TYPE_INT64, G_TYPE_UINT64
G_TYPE_FLOAT, G_TYPE_DOUBLE
G_TYPE_STRING - stores a string in the store (makes a copy of the original string)
G_TYPE_POINTER - stores a pointer value (does not copy any data into the store, just stores the pointer value!)
G_TYPE_OBJECT, GDK_TYPE_PIXBUF - stores an object in the store (acquires a reference on the object instance)

3. 一个简单的list实例

编程环境：Ubuntu20.04 + CB20.03 + GTK+-3.0 + GCC9.4.0
源码如下：

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

enum
{
    COL_NAME = 0,
    COL_AGE,
    COL_PHONE,
    COL_ZIPCODE,
    NUM_COLS
} ;

static GtkTreeModel *
create_and_fill_model (void)
{
    GtkListStore *store = gtk_list_store_new (NUM_COLS,
                          G_TYPE_STRING,
                          G_TYPE_UINT,
                          G_TYPE_STRING,
                          G_TYPE_LONG);

    /* Append a row and fill in some data */
    GtkTreeIter iter;
    gtk_list_store_append (store, &iter);
    gtk_list_store_set (store, &iter,
                        COL_NAME, "刘备",
                        COL_AGE, 51,
                        COL_PHONE, "13307328888",
                        COL_ZIPCODE, 411201,
                        -1);

    /* append another row and fill in some data */
    gtk_list_store_append (store, &iter);
    gtk_list_store_set (store, &iter,
                        COL_NAME, "诸葛亮",
                        COL_AGE, 23,
                        COL_PHONE,"13307326666",
                        COL_ZIPCODE, 411202,
                        -1);

    /* ... and a third row */
    gtk_list_store_append (store, &iter);
    gtk_list_store_set (store, &iter,
                        COL_NAME, "赵子龙",
                        COL_AGE, 91,
                        COL_PHONE,"13307322898",
                        COL_ZIPCODE, 411203,
                        -1);

    return GTK_TREE_MODEL (store);
}

static GtkWidget *
create_view_and_model (void)
{
    GtkWidget *view = gtk_tree_view_new ();

    GtkCellRenderer *renderer;

    /* --- Column #1 --- */
    renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new ();
    gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (view),
            -1,
            "姓名",
            renderer,
            "text", COL_NAME,
            NULL);

    /* --- Column #2 --- */
    renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new ();
    gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (view),
            -1,
            "年纪",
            renderer,
            "text", COL_AGE,
            NULL);

    /* --- Column #3 --- */
    renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new ();
    gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (view),
            -1,
            "电话",
            renderer,
            "text", COL_PHONE,
            NULL);

    /* --- Column #4 --- */
    renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new ();
    gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (view),
            -1,
            "邮编",
            renderer,
            "text", COL_ZIPCODE,
            NULL);

    GtkTreeModel *model = create_and_fill_model ();

    gtk_tree_view_set_model (GTK_TREE_VIEW (view), model);

    /* The tree view has acquired its own reference to the
     *  model, so we can drop ours. That way the model will
     *  be freed automatically when the tree view is destroyed
     */
    g_object_unref (model);

    return view;
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
    gtk_init (&argc, &argv);

    GtkWidget *window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW (window), "Gtk+-3.0 GtkTreeView/Model Example");
    gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW (window), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
    gtk_window_set_default_size (GTK_WINDOW (window), 420, 200);
    g_signal_connect (window, "destroy", gtk_main_quit, NULL);

    GtkWidget *view = create_view_and_model ();

    gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), view);

    gtk_widget_show_all (window);

    gtk_main ();

    return 0;
}

运行结果

在这里插入图片描述

4. 一个带选择框的tree实例（来自gtk3-demo)

头文件 treestores.h

#ifndef TREESTORES_H_INCLUDED
#define TREESTORES_H_INCLUDED
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
/* TreeItem structure */
typedef struct _TreeItem TreeItem;
struct _TreeItem
{
  const gchar    *label;
  gboolean        alex;
  gboolean        havoc;
  gboolean        tim;
  gboolean        owen;
  gboolean        dave;
  gboolean        world_holiday; /* shared by the European hackers */
  TreeItem       *children;
};

/* columns */
enum
{
  HOLIDAY_NAME_COLUMN = 0,
  ALEX_COLUMN,
  HAVOC_COLUMN,
  TIM_COLUMN,
  OWEN_COLUMN,
  DAVE_COLUMN,

  VISIBLE_COLUMN,
  WORLD_COLUMN,
  NUM_COLUMNS
};

/* tree data */
static TreeItem january[] =
{
  {"New Years Day", TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  {"Presidential Inauguration", FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  {"Martin Luther King Jr. day", FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem february[] =
{
  { "Presidents' Day", FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Groundhog Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Valentine's Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem march[] =
{
  { "National Tree Planting Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "St Patrick's Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};
static TreeItem april[] =
{
  { "April Fools' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Army Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Earth Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Administrative Professionals' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem may[] =
{
  { "Nurses' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "National Day of Prayer", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Mothers' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Armed Forces Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Memorial Day", TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem june[] =
{
  { "June Fathers' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Juneteenth (Liberation of Slaves)", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Flag Day", FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem july[] =
{
  { "Parents' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Independence Day", FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem august[] =
{
  { "Air Force Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Coast Guard Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Friendship Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem september[] =
{
  { "Grandparents' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Citizenship Day or Constitution Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Labor Day", TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem october[] =
{
  { "National Children's Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Bosses' Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Sweetest Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Mother-in-Law's Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Navy Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Columbus Day", FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Halloween", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem november[] =
{
  { "Marine Corps Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Veterans' Day", TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Thanksgiving", FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem december[] =
{
  { "Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { "Christmas", TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, NULL },
  { "Kwanzaa", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL },
  { NULL }
};

static TreeItem toplevel[] =
{
  {"January", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, january},
  {"February", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, february},
  {"March", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, march},
  {"April", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, april},
  {"May", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, may},
  {"June", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, june},
  {"July", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, july},
  {"August", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, august},
  {"September", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, september},
  {"October", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, october},
  {"November", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, november},
  {"December", FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, december},
  {NULL}
};

GtkTreeModel *
create_model (void)
{
  GtkTreeStore *model;
  GtkTreeIter iter;
  TreeItem *month = toplevel;

  /* create tree store */
  model = gtk_tree_store_new (NUM_COLUMNS,
                              G_TYPE_STRING,
                              G_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
                              G_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
                              G_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
                              G_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
                              G_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
                              G_TYPE_BOOLEAN,
                              G_TYPE_BOOLEAN);

  /* add data to the tree store */
  while (month->label)
    {
      TreeItem *holiday = month->children;

      gtk_tree_store_append (model, &iter, NULL);
      gtk_tree_store_set (model, &iter,
                          HOLIDAY_NAME_COLUMN, month->label,
                          ALEX_COLUMN, FALSE,
                          HAVOC_COLUMN, FALSE,
                          TIM_COLUMN, FALSE,
                          OWEN_COLUMN, FALSE,
                          DAVE_COLUMN, FALSE,
                          VISIBLE_COLUMN, FALSE,
                          WORLD_COLUMN, FALSE,
                          -1);

      /* add children */
      while (holiday->label)
        {
          GtkTreeIter child_iter;

          gtk_tree_store_append (model, &child_iter, &iter);
          gtk_tree_store_set (model, &child_iter,
                              HOLIDAY_NAME_COLUMN, holiday->label,
                              ALEX_COLUMN, holiday->alex,
                              HAVOC_COLUMN, holiday->havoc,
                              TIM_COLUMN, holiday->tim,
                              OWEN_COLUMN, holiday->owen,
                              DAVE_COLUMN, holiday->dave,
                              VISIBLE_COLUMN, TRUE,
                              WORLD_COLUMN, holiday->world_holiday,
                              -1);

          holiday++;
        }

      month++;
    }

  return GTK_TREE_MODEL (model);
}

void
item_toggled (GtkCellRendererToggle *cell,
              gchar                 *path_str,
              gpointer               data)
{
  GtkTreeModel *model = (GtkTreeModel *)data;
  GtkTreePath *path = gtk_tree_path_new_from_string (path_str);
  GtkTreeIter iter;
  gboolean toggle_item;
  gint *column;
  column = g_object_get_data (G_OBJECT (cell), "column");

  /* get toggled iter */
  gtk_tree_model_get_iter (model, &iter, path);
  gtk_tree_model_get (model, &iter, column, &toggle_item, -1);

  /* do something with the value */
  toggle_item ^= 1;

  /* set new value */
  gtk_tree_store_set (GTK_TREE_STORE (model), &iter, column,
                      toggle_item, -1);
  /* clean up */
  gtk_tree_path_free (path);
}

void
add_columns (GtkTreeView *treeview)
{
  gint col_offset;
  GtkCellRenderer *renderer;
  GtkTreeViewColumn *column;
  GtkTreeModel *model = gtk_tree_view_get_model (treeview);

  /* column for holiday names */
  renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new ();
  g_object_set (renderer, "xalign", 0.0, NULL);

  col_offset = gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview),-1, "Holiday",renderer, "text",HOLIDAY_NAME_COLUMN, NULL);
  column = gtk_tree_view_get_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview), col_offset - 1);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_clickable (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column), TRUE);

  /* alex column */
  renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_toggle_new ();
  g_object_set (renderer, "xalign", 0.0, NULL);
  g_object_set_data (G_OBJECT (renderer), "column", (gint *)ALEX_COLUMN);

  g_signal_connect (renderer, "toggled", G_CALLBACK (item_toggled), model);

  col_offset = gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview),-1, "Alex",renderer,"active",ALEX_COLUMN,"visible",VISIBLE_COLUMN,
               "activatable",WORLD_COLUMN, NULL);
  column = gtk_tree_view_get_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview), col_offset - 1);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_sizing (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column),
                                   GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN_FIXED);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_clickable (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column), TRUE);

  /* havoc column */
  renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_toggle_new ();
  g_object_set (renderer, "xalign", 0.0, NULL);
  g_object_set_data (G_OBJECT (renderer), "column", (gint *)HAVOC_COLUMN);

  g_signal_connect (renderer, "toggled", G_CALLBACK (item_toggled), model);

  col_offset = gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview),-1, "Havoc",renderer,"active",HAVOC_COLUMN,
                "visible",VISIBLE_COLUMN,NULL);

  column = gtk_tree_view_get_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview), col_offset - 1);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_sizing (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column),
                                   GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN_FIXED);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_clickable (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column), TRUE);

  /* tim column */
  renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_toggle_new ();
  g_object_set (renderer, "xalign", 0.0, NULL);
  g_object_set_data (G_OBJECT (renderer), "column", (gint *)TIM_COLUMN);

  g_signal_connect (renderer, "toggled", G_CALLBACK (item_toggled), model);

  col_offset = gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview),-1, "Tim", renderer,"active",TIM_COLUMN,"visible",
           VISIBLE_COLUMN,"activatable",WORLD_COLUMN, NULL);

  column = gtk_tree_view_get_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview), col_offset - 1);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_sizing (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column),
                                   GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN_FIXED);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_clickable (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column), TRUE);

  /* owen column */
  renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_toggle_new ();
  g_object_set (renderer, "xalign", 0.0, NULL);
  g_object_set_data (G_OBJECT (renderer), "column", (gint *)OWEN_COLUMN);

  g_signal_connect (renderer, "toggled", G_CALLBACK (item_toggled), model);

  col_offset = gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview), -1, "Owen",renderer,"active",OWEN_COLUMN,"visible",VISIBLE_COLUMN,NULL);

  column = gtk_tree_view_get_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview), col_offset - 1);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_sizing (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column),
                                   GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN_FIXED);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_clickable (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column), TRUE);

  /* dave column */
  renderer = gtk_cell_renderer_toggle_new ();
  g_object_set (renderer, "xalign", 0.0, NULL);
  g_object_set_data (G_OBJECT (renderer), "column", (gint *)DAVE_COLUMN);

  g_signal_connect (renderer, "toggled", G_CALLBACK (item_toggled), model);

  col_offset = gtk_tree_view_insert_column_with_attributes (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview),-1, "Dave",renderer,"active",DAVE_COLUMN,"visible",VISIBLE_COLUMN,NULL);

  column = gtk_tree_view_get_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview), col_offset - 1);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_sizing (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column),
                                   GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN_FIXED);
  gtk_tree_view_column_set_clickable (GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column), TRUE);
}

GtkWidget *
do_tree_store (GtkWidget *do_widget)
{
  static GtkWidget *window = NULL;

  if (!window)
    {
      GtkWidget *vbox;
      GtkWidget *sw;
      GtkWidget *treeview;
      GtkTreeModel *model;

      /* create window, etc */
      window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
      gtk_window_set_screen (GTK_WINDOW (window),
                             gtk_widget_get_screen (do_widget));
      gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Tree Store");
      g_signal_connect (window, "destroy",
                        G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroyed), &window);

      vbox = gtk_box_new (GTK_ORIENTATION_VERTICAL, 8);
      gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 8);
      gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);

      gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),
                          gtk_label_new ("Jonathan's Holiday Card Planning Sheet"),
                          FALSE, FALSE, 0);

      sw = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL);
      gtk_scrolled_window_set_shadow_type (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (sw),
                                           GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_IN);
      gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (sw),
                                      GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC,
                                      GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC);
      gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), sw, TRUE, TRUE, 0);

      /* create model */
      model = create_model ();

      /* create tree view */
      treeview = gtk_tree_view_new_with_model (model);
      g_object_unref (model);
      gtk_tree_selection_set_mode (gtk_tree_view_get_selection (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview)), GTK_SELECTION_MULTIPLE);

      add_columns (GTK_TREE_VIEW (treeview));
      gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (sw), treeview);
      /* expand all rows after the treeview widget has been realized */
      g_signal_connect (treeview, "realize",
                        G_CALLBACK (gtk_tree_view_expand_all), NULL);
      gtk_window_set_default_size (GTK_WINDOW (window), 650, 400);
    }

  if (!gtk_widget_get_visible (window))
    gtk_widget_show_all (window);
  else
    gtk_widget_destroy (window);
  return window;
}
#endif // TREESTORES_H_INCLUDED

主程序文件 main.c

#include "treestores.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
  GtkWidget *win = NULL;

  /* Initialize GTK+ */
  g_log_set_handler ("Gtk", G_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, (GLogFunc) gtk_false, NULL);
  gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
  g_log_set_handler ("Gtk", G_LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, g_log_default_handler, NULL);

  /* Create the main window */
  win=do_tree_store(win);
  gtk_window_set_position (GTK_WINDOW (win), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);

  /* Enter the main loop */
  gtk_widget_show_all (win);
  gtk_main ();
  return 0;
}

运行结果