android.os.Build 详解
文章目录
前言
- 类
android.os.Build
源码,可以 使用工具 访问 - Android 对类
android.os.Build
的介绍: https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/Build - 在系统文件
/system/build.prop
中包含很多系统配置的key和value,可以直接使用类 android.os.Build 提供的方法,但是不能获取所有的key对应的value,下面介绍一种方法获取其它的key对应的value
本文地址 https://blog.csdn.net/CSqingchen/article/details/51304429
最新 文章连接,本文不再同步
常见函数及其值
val build = "Build.BOARD:${Build.BOARD}\n" +
"Build.BOOTLOADER:${Build.BOOTLOADER}\n" +
"Build.BRAND:${Build.BRAND}\n" +
"Build.DEVICE:${Build.DEVICE}\n" +
"Build.DISPLAY:${Build.DISPLAY}\n" +
"Build.FINGERPRINT:${Build.FINGERPRINT}\n" +
"Build.HARDWARE:${Build.HARDWARE}\n" +
"Build.HOST:${Build.HOST}\n" +
"Build.ID:${Build.ID}\n" +
"Build.MANUFACTURER:${Build.MANUFACTURER}\n" +
"Build.MODEL:${Build.MODEL}\n" +
"Build.PRODUCT:${Build.PRODUCT}\n" +
"Build.TIME:${Build.TIME}\n" +
"Build.TYPE:${Build.TYPE}\n" +
"Build.USER:${Build.USER}\n" +
"Build.Partition.PARTITION_NAME_SYSTEM:${Build.Partition.PARTITION_NAME_SYSTEM}\n" +
"Build.VERSION.BASE_OS:${Build.VERSION.BASE_OS}\n" +
"Build.VERSION.CODENAME:${Build.VERSION.CODENAME}\n" +
"Build.VERSION.INCREMENTAL:${Build.VERSION.INCREMENTAL}\n" +
"Build.VERSION.PREVIEW_SDK_INT:${Build.VERSION.PREVIEW_SDK_INT}\n" +
"Build.VERSION.RELEASE:${Build.VERSION.RELEASE}\n" +
"Build.VERSION.SDK_INT:${Build.VERSION.SDK_INT}\n" +
"Build.VERSION.SECURITY_PATCH:${Build.VERSION.SECURITY_PATCH}\n"
结果如下:
Build.BOARD:sp9863a_1h10
Build.BOOTLOADER:unknown
Build.BRAND:Teclast
Build.DEVICE:p20_n6h1
Build.DISPLAY:V1.06_20210406
Build.FINGERPRINT:rockchip/rk312x/rk312x:6.0.1/MXC89K/user.fyl.20170927.202757:userdebug/test-keys
Build.HARDWARE:s9863a1h10
Build.HOST:android-build
Build.ID:QP1A.190711.020
Build.MANUFACTURER:Teclast
Build.MODEL:P20HD(N6H1)
Build.PRODUCT:p20_n6h1
Build.TIME:1617700065000
Build.TYPE:user
Build.USER:yhg229
Build.Partition.PARTITION_NAME_SYSTEM:system
Build.VERSION.BASE_OS:
Build.VERSION.CODENAME:REL
Build.VERSION.INCREMENTAL:14217
Build.VERSION.PREVIEW_SDK_INT:0
Build.VERSION.RELEASE:10
Build.VERSION.SDK_INT:29
Build.VERSION.SECURITY_PATCH:2020-04-05
这些信息包含设备的厂商及Android版本相关信息
adb 读取 build.prop 中内容
在早期安卓版本和已经ROOT的系统,使用如下命令,可以在终端查看/system/build.prop
中所有的key和value
adb shell "cat /system/build.prop"
新的安卓系统从安全上考虑,已经加了权限限制,无法读取,除非ROOT,如下图
有些人说可以通过读取文件获取其中的值,目前也是不行的,会提示 Permission denied
,原因同上。
通过反射读取 build.prop 中 key对应的value
使用以下代码可以在代码中,获取 /system/build.prop
中key对应的value
private String getBuildPropValue(String key) {
String value = null;
try {
Method method = Build.class.getDeclaredMethod("getString", String.class);
method.setAccessible(true);
value = (String) method.invoke(new Build(), key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return value;
}
使用方法如下
getBuildPropValue("persist.sys.timezone")
Build.getFingerprintedPartitions()
这是一个API 29(Android10)加入的API,参考自 getFingerprintedPartitions
得到的List<Build.Partition>
数据类似如下
partition[name:bootimage,fingerprint:rockchip/rk312x/rk312x:6.0.1/MXC89K/user.fyl.20170927.202757:userdebug/test-keys,buildTimeMillis:1617700065000]
partition[name:odm,fingerprint:rockchip/rk312x/rk312x:6.0.1/MXC89K/user.fyl.20170927.202757:userdebug/test-keys,buildTimeMillis:1617699225000]
partition[name:product,fingerprint:rockchip/rk312x/rk312x:6.0.1/MXC89K/user.fyl.20170927.202757:userdebug/test-keys,buildTimeMillis:1617699225000]
partition[name:system,fingerprint:rockchip/rk312x/rk312x:6.0.1/MXC89K/user.fyl.20170927.202757:userdebug/test-keys,buildTimeMillis:1617700065000]
partition[name:vendor,fingerprint:rockchip/rk312x/rk312x:6.0.1/MXC89K/user.fyl.20170927.202757:userdebug/test-keys,buildTimeMillis:1617700065000]
Build.getRadioVersion()
返回的是 射频固件版本信息,结果类似如下
FM_BASE_18B_W20.08.3|sc9863A_modem|02-19-2020 01:21:39
本文地址 https://blog.csdn.net/CSqingchen/article/details/51304429
Build.getSerial() 设备标识符
这个函数是其中最复杂的一个,在API 26(Android 8.0)加入,返回硬件标识符。
-
在Android 8.0 中需要在
AndroidManifest.xml
添加以下权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
而且需要动态申请权限
PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED != activity?.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE))
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(,,)
返回结果类似7c422495
,跟adb devices
列出的设备标识符一致
-
在Android 9.0 以后,持久设备标识符在附加限制之后被保护,需要权限 READ_PRIVILEGED_PHONE_STATE,
在源码 frameworks/core/res/AndroidManifest.xml 中可以看到如下<!-- @SystemApi @TestApi Allows read access to privileged phone state. @hide Used internally. --> <permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PRIVILEGED_PHONE_STATE" android:protectionLevel="signature|privileged" />
这个权限只有在privileged应用(apk内置至system/priv-app目录)才可以访问,即第三方应用无法访问。
Android 10 开始,同样受影响的还有TelephonyManager
的函数getImei()、getDeviceId()、getMeid()、getSimSerialNumber()、getSubscriberId()
,参见 文档 device-identifiers -
总结,对于第三方应用,只有在安卓8.0设备才能获取到对应的值,其它情况要么返回 Build#UNKNOWN,要么抛出异常
SecurityException
,要么抛出未授权异常。 -
要解决SecurityException 异常
does not meet the requirements to access device identifiers
,就需要重新设计获取设备标识相关的代码,可以参考
https://developer.android.com/training/articles/user-data-ids
参考自 https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/Build#getSerial()
参考自:
http://www.cnblogs.com/onlywujun/p/3519037.html
java method invoke private
ANDROID_ID(SSAID)设备标识