Android开发Builder模式

什么是Builder模式：将一个复杂对象的构建与它的表示分离，使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示。

我们通过一个例子来引出Builder模式。

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private double height;
    private double weight;

    privatePerson(Builder builder) {
        this.name=builder.name;
        this.age=builder.age;
        this.height=builder.height;
        this.weight=builder.weight;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public double getHeight() {
        return height;
    }

    public void setHeight(double height) {
        this.height = height;
    }

    public double getWeight() {
        return weight;
    }

    public void setWeight(double weight) {
        this.weight = weight;
    }

    static class Builder{
        private String name;
        private int age;
        private double height;
        private double weight;
        public Builder name(String name){
            this.name=name;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder age(int age){
            this.age=age;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder height(double height){
            this.height=height;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder weight(double weight){
            this.weight=weight;
            return this;
        }

        public Person build(){
            return new Person(this);
        }
    }
}

从上面的代码中我们可以看到，我们在Builder类里定义了一份与Person类一模一样的变量，通过一系列的成员函数进行设置属性值，但是返回值都是this，也就是都是Builder对象，最后提供了一个build函数用于创建Person对象，返回的是Person对象，对应的构造函数在Person类中进行定义，也就是构造函数的入参是Builder对象，然后依次对自己的成员变量进行赋值，对应的值都是Builder对象中的值。此外Builder类中的成员函数返回Builder对象自身的另一个作用就是让它支持链式调用，使代码可读性大大增强。

于是我们就可以这样创建Person类。

Person.Builder builder=new Person.Builder();
Person person=builder
        .name("张三")
        .age(18)
        .height(178.5)
        .weight(67.4)
        .build();